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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： He, Qiyuan Wang, Yizhong Yu, Jianfei Wang, Wenya College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering University of Washington United States School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Advancements in language models (LMs) have sparked interest in exploring their potential as knowledge bases (KBs) due to their high capability for storing huge amounts of factual knowledge and semantic understanding. However, existing studies face challenges in quantifying the extent of large-scale knowledge packed into LMs and lack systematic studies on LMs' structured reasoning capabilities over the infused knowledge. Addressing these gaps, our research investigates whether LMs can effectively act as large-scale KBs after training over an expansive set of world knowledge triplets via addressing the following three crucial questions: (1) How do LMs of different sizes perform at storing world knowledge of different frequencies in a large-scale KB? (2) How flexible are these LMs in recalling the stored knowledge when prompted with natural language queries? (3) After training on the abundant world knowledge, can LMs additionally gain the ability to reason over such information to infer new facts? Our findings indicate that while medium-scaled LMs hold promise as world knowledge bases capable of storing and responding with flexibility, enhancements in their reasoning capabilities are necessary to fully realize their potential. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Structured Query Language

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Drift Analysis with Fitness Levels for Elitist Evolutionary Algorithms

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Evolutionary computation 2025年第1期33卷 1-25页

作者： He, Jun Zhou, Yuren Department of Computer Science Nottingham Trent University Nottingham NG11 8NS United Kingdom School of Data and Computer Science Sun Yatsen University Guangzhou 510006 China

The fitness level method is a popular tool for analyzing the hitting time of elitist evolutionary algorithms. Its idea is to divide the search space into multiple fitness levels and estimate lower and upper bounds on the hitting time using transition probabilities between fitness levels. However, the lower bound generated by this method is often loose. An open question regarding the fitness level method is what are the tightest lower and upper time bounds that can be constructed based on transition probabilities between fitness levels. To answer this question, we combine drift analysis with fitness levels and define the tightest bound problem as a constrained multiobjective optimization problem subject to fitness levels. The tightest metric bounds by fitness levels are constructed and proven for the first time. Then linear bounds are derived from metric bounds and a framework is established that can be used to develop different fitness level methods for different types of linear bounds. The framework is generic and promising, as it can be used to draw tight time bounds on both fitness landscapes with and without shortcuts. This is demonstrated in the example of the (1+1) EA maximizing the TwoMax1 function. © 2024 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

关键词： algorithm analysis drift analysis Evolutionary algorithm fitness levels hitting time Markov chain.

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Optimal trained ensemble of classification model for satellite image classification

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第7期84卷 3745-3766页

作者： Singh, Sarabjeet Kundra, Harish Kundra, Sheetal Pratima, P. Venkata Devi, M. V. Anjana Kumar, Sushil Hassan, Mariya Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh College of Engineering and Technology Chandigarh160019 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus Ranga Reddy District Telangana Ibrahimpatnam501506 India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Guru Nanak Institute of Technology Ranga Reddy District Telangana Ibrahimpatnam501506 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Central University of Haryana Jant-Pali Mahendergarh123031 India

Satellite image classification is the most significant remote sensing method for computerized analysis and pattern detection of satellite data. This method relies on the image's diversity structures and necessitates a thorough validation of the training data using the chosen classification algorithm. The classifying of remotely sensed images refers to the process of classifying pixels into a fixed set of distinct classes based on their data values. The pixel is categorized into that class if it complies with a specific set of requirements. A new SIC scheme is suggested in this work, where, Contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) is deployed for pre-processing the image. Further, statistical features, Vegetation Indices (VI) and Improved Hybrid Vegetation Index (IHVI) are extracted from the preprocessed image. Then, we deploy 2 phase classification process for classifying the image. In the first phase, Bi-Directional Gated Recurrent Unit (BI-GRU), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Deep Max Out (DMO) are used. In 2nd phase, optimized RNN is used for determining the final classification result. Also, the training of the model is done by the new Chaotic Opposition Behavior Improvised Coot Algorithm (COBI-CA) optimization via tuning the optimal weights. The COOT method has been enhanced and is now the suggested algorithm. Lastly, we conduct an analysis to compare the suggested Satellite Image Classification (SIC) model's performance to the traditional approaches in terms of statistical analysis, precision, accuracy, and error measure. In comparison to other conventional methods, the accuracy of the suggested model is 97%. © This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US;foreign copyright protection may apply 2024.

关键词： Pixels

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Graph Augmentation Empowered Contrastive Learning for Recommendation

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ACM Transactions on Information Systems 2025年第2期43卷 1-27页

作者： Xu, Lixiang Liu, Yusheng Xu, Tong Chen, Enhong Tang, Yuanyan School of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Hefei University Hefei China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Zhuhai UM Science and Technology Research Institute FST University of Macau China

The application of contrastive learning (CL) to collaborative filtering (CF) in recommender systems has achieved remarkable success. CL-based recommendation models mainly focus on creating multiple augmented views by employing different graph augmentation methods and utilizing these views for self-supervised learning. However, current CL methods for recommender systems usually struggle to fully address the problem of noisy data. To address this problem, we propose the Graph Augmentation Empowered Contrastive Learning (GAECL) for recommendation framework, which uses graph augmentation based on topological and semantic dual adaptation and global co-modeling via structural optimization to co-create contrasting views for better augmentation of the CF paradigm. Specifically, we strictly filter out unimportant topologies by reconstructing the adjacency matrix and mask unimportant attributes in nodes according to the PageRank centrality principle to generate an augmented view that filters out noisy data. Additionally, GAECL achieves global collaborative modeling through structural optimization and generates another augmented view based on the PageRank centrality principle. This helps to filter the noisy data while preserving the original semantics of the data for more effective data augmentation. Extensive experiments are conducted on five datasets to demonstrate the superior performance of our model over various recommendation models. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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A Novelty Framework in Image-Captioning with Visual Attention-Based Refined Visual Features

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第3期82卷 3943-3964页

作者： Alaa Thobhani Beiji Zou Xiaoyan Kui Amr Abdussalam Muhammad Asim Mohammed ELAffendi Sajid Shah School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Electronic Engineering and Information ScienceDepartment University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China EIAS Data Science Lab College of Computer and Information SciencesPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia

Image captioning,the task of generating descriptive sentences for images,has advanced significantly with the integration of semantic ***,traditional models still rely on static visual features that do not evolve with the changing linguistic context,which can hinder the ability to form meaningful connections between the image and the generated *** limitation often leads to captions that are less accurate or *** this paper,we propose a novel approach to enhance image captioning by introducing dynamic interactions where visual features continuously adapt to the evolving linguistic *** model strengthens the alignment between visual and linguistic elements,resulting in more coherent and contextually appropriate ***,we introduce two innovative modules:the Visual Weighting Module(VWM)and the Enhanced Features Attention Module(EFAM).The VWM adjusts visual features using partial attention,enabling dynamic reweighting of the visual inputs,while the EFAM further refines these features to improve their relevance to the generated *** continuously adjusting visual features in response to the linguistic context,our model bridges the gap between static visual features and dynamic language *** demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through experiments on the MS-COCO dataset,where our method outperforms state-of-the-art techniques in terms of caption quality and contextual *** results show that dynamic visual-linguistic alignment significantly enhances image captioning performance.

关键词： Image-captioning visual attention deep learning visual features

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Advancements in AI-Driven Cephalometric Analysis for Orthodontic Applications: A Review on Automated Landmark Detection and Angle Assessment 4

Advancements in AI-Driven Cephalometric Analysis for Orthodo...

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4th International Conference on Sentiment Analysis and Deep Learning, ICSADL 2025

作者： Gurbade, Viraj Vijay Pacharaaney, Utkarsha Puri, Chetan Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Maharashtra Wardha442001 India Department of Computer Science and Design Maharashtra Wardha442001 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523923

This is an essential tool used in the orthodontic practice for the assessment of craniofacial structures and as a basis in initiating treatment planning. Within the pre-AI/deep learning era, it was achieved through the procedure of manual tracing on 2D radiographs, individual variability, and quite time-consuming to obtain the established norm but which was susceptible. These technologies apply CNNs to properly detect landmarks and reduce the occurrence of human mistake, ensuring reproducibility of measurements across analyses. Automated systems demonstrated promising performance for landmark detection both on 2D and 3D images, particularly within the history of 3D imaging techniques such as cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), offering a sweeping view of craniofacial anatomy. Studies show that training these AI models based on large datasets enables generalization to many images, thereby allowing landmark placement in reliable ways, with improved diagnostic accuracy;however, there's a challenge in achieving model robustness across different populations and complex 3D data. Future directions include the integration of AI with augmented reality, enabling real-time diagnostics to further depict and adjust clinicians' abilities to visualize treatment plans. With advancements in AI in cephalometry, the model may be hybrid to combine AI automation with manual verification, thus optimising reliability for clinical use, paving the way for more personalized and accurate orthodontic care. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： computerized tomography

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data Analysis with Model Explainability for Air Quality and Pollution Prediction of Urban Areas in Edge Networks 12th

Data Analysis with Model Explainability for Air Quality an...

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12th International Conference on Big data and Artificial Intelligence, BDA 2024

作者： Singh, Akansha Chakraborty, Soumendu Adhikari, Mainak Department of Computer Science Indian Institute of Information Technology Lucknow Lucknow India School of Data Science Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram India

ISBN: (纸本)9783031818202

Air quality significantly impacts human health and economic conditions, making precise and timely assessment crucial in urban areas. Existing studies often fail to predict pollution accurately in smaller areas due to varying meteorological conditions. Most existing prototypes rely on standard ML models, trained with generic, publicly available datasets, which often lack local dynamics, adaptability, and synchronization. To address these challenges, in this paper, we propose a new Hybrid Edge-Cloud Air Quality Monitoring System. For initial model training a robust testbed is created by data Fusion of air quality data from diverse sources like Application Programming Interfaces and public datasets. The system trains and refines ML models in the cloud, identifies key features to reduce feature dimensions, and leverages local decision-making using site-specific data collected by sensors on edge devices. Sensors monitor local environmental parameters for real-time analysis and decision-making, ensuring accurate predictions for specific urban locations while optimizing performance and minimizing resource usage on edge devices. Explainable AI techniques improve transparency and confidence in decisions. The model is validated by simulating various ML models on the testbed, with and without feature extraction. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Prediction models

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Enhancing Weakly Supervised Medical Segmentation via Heterogeneous Co-training with Box-Wise Augmentation and Pseudo-Label Filtering 6th

Enhancing Weakly Supervised Medical Segmentation via Hetero...

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6th IFIP TC 12 International Conference on Intelligence science, ICIS 2024

作者： Wang, You Qi, Lei Yu, Qian Shi, Yinghuan Gao, Yang State Key Laboratory of Novel Software Technology National Insititute of Health-care Data Science Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China School of Data and Computer Science Shandong Woman’s University Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031712524

In this paper, we introduce an innovative approach to weakly supervised medical image segmentation with box annotations. Different from the previous methods which simply utilize a single conventional network with the same augmentation techniques widely used in supervised segmentation, we aim to introduce diverse augmentations and heterogenous networks to leverage the box annotations for promising generalization ability. Specifically, to amplify the diversity between the contents within the box and its surroundings, we propose the interior and exterior box augmentation (IEBA) technique, in which distinct augmentation techniques are employed for regions inside and outside the bounding boxes. Also, for the purpose of selecting pseudo-labels of superior quality, we propose the pseudo-label filter module (PLFM) to eliminate unreliable pseudo-labels. Besides, as CNN demonstrates superior capabilities in acquiring local information, and ViT specializes in capturing global context, we facilitate a bidirectional learning process between CNN and ViT through quadruple cross consistency losses (QCCL). In inference, we only employ the superior model from the validation set to obtain parameter efficiency. Our approach is evaluated across four tasks on two public datasets, utilizing the 3D dice similarity coefficient as the evaluation metric. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art comparison methods. © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2025.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization of U-net Parameters for Marine Aquaculture Image Segmentation 13

Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization of U-net Parameters for...

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13th International Conference on Intelligent Control and Information Processing, ICICIP 2025

作者： Zhao, Jin Wang, Jun Han, Min Fan, Jianchao School of Computer Science and Engineering Chongqing Three Gorges University Chongqing China Department of Computer Science Department of Data Science City University of HongKong Hong Kong School of Control Science and Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516147

Marine aquaculture image segmentation plays a crucial role in managing aquatic resources and environmental protection. Traditional deep learning models rely on manual parameter tuning for image segmentation, which limits their efficiency and accuracy. This paper proposes an adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize the parameters of the U-net model automatically. The algorithm dynamically adjusts the PSO parameters based on the population’s entropy and clustering metrics and employs a hill-climbing algorithm to address the issue of the PSO easily falling into local optima, enhancing the algorithm’s adaptability. The proposed algorithm updates and iterates particles to automatically find suitable model parameters. The remote sensing data used in this experiment were from the Yellow Sea aquaculture area near Dalian, China, with a segmentation accuracy of 91.8%. This method improves segmentation accuracy, reduces the burden of manual parameter tuning, and provides an effective solution for optimizing deep learning models. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Aquaculture

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MPNAS: Multimodal Sentiment Analysis Pruning via Neural Architecture Search

MPNAS: Multimodal Sentiment Analysis Pruning via Neural Arch...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Zhang, Binyan Ren, Ao Zhang, Zihao Duan, Moming Liu, Duo Tan, Yujuan Zhong, Kan College of Computer Science Chongqing University Chongqing China School of Big Data Software & Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China Institute of Data Science National University of Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

With the rapid development of social media, sentiment analysis from multimodal posts has garnered significant attention in recent years. However, the substantial size of these models impedes their deployment on resource-constrained embedded devices. Although pruning has been extensively studied to reduce the size of unimodal models, specific challenges remain for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA) models. First, existing techniques prune fixed original models into sparse models, while our findings indicate that different model architectures of identical size yield varying performance outcomes. Second, prior studies fail to explore the unique characteristics of MSA models, resulting in suboptimal pruning performance. To address these challenges, we propose MPNAS, a unified pruning framework via Neural Architecture Search (NAS) for MSA models. Specifically, we formulate pruning as a NAS problem and analyze MSA model characteristics to guide the subnet search. We conduct an initial coarse-grained NAS on the original model, expanding the search space slightly to identify suitable subnets that enhance pruning rates and accuracy. Subsequently, we refine coarse-grained subnets in a fine-grained NAS stage, where MSA model characteristics guide the search process. Extensive experiments on three representative datasets demonstrate the superiority of our approach over existing methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Multimodal Compression NAS

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