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The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: health at the mercy of fossil fuels (vol 400, pg 1619, 2022)

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LANCET 2022年第10365期400卷 1766-1766页

作者： Romanello, M. Di Napoli, C. Drummond, P. Institute for Global Health University College London London UK School of Agriculture Policy and Development University of Reading Reading UK Institute for Sustainable Resources University College London London UK Department of Global Health Centre for Health and the Global Environment University of Washington Seattle WA USA UCL Energy Institute University College London London UK Department of Health Sciences University of York York UK Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UK Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College London London UK School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK School of Population Health University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change Berlin Germany Department of Environment Climate Change and Health World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Institute of Environmental Sciences University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit Department of Public Health & Primary Care University of Cambridge Cambridge UK School of Government University of Birmingham Birmingham UK Economic Analysis of Climate Impacts and Policy Division Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Venice Italy Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering University College London London UK Natural Resources Institute University of Greenwich London UK Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Yale Center on Climate Change and Health Yale University New Haven CT USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Northeastern University Boston MA USA Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA Department of Geography University College London London UK NU

With advancements in the science of detection and attribution studies, the influence of climate change over many events has now been quantified. Because of the rapidly increasing temperatures, vulnerable populations (adults older than 65 years, and children younger than one year of age) were exposed to 3·7 billion more heatwave days in 2021 than annually in 1986–2005 (indicator 1.1.2), and heat-related deaths increased by 68% between 2000–04 and 2017–21 (indicator 1.1.5), a death toll that was significantly exacerbated by the confluence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the local cooling and overall health benefits of urban greenspaces, only 277 (27%) of 1038 global urban centres were at least moderately green in 2021 (indicator 2.2.3), and the number of households with air conditioning increased by 66% from 2000 to 2020, a maladaptive response that worsens the energy crisis and further increases urban heat, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. [...]millions of people do not have access to the energy needed to keep their homes at healthy temperatures, preserve food and medication, and meet the seventh Sustainable Development Goal (to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all). Aggravating this situation even further, governments continue to incentivise fossil fuel production and consumption: 69 (80%) of 86 countries reviewed had net-negative carbon prices (ie, provided a net subsidy to fossil fuels) for a net total of US$400 billion

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A Modified Ćuk Converter With Constant Switching Frequency Modulated Sliding Mode Control

A Modified Ćuk Converter With Constant Switching Frequency ...

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Compatibility in Power Electronics (CPE)

作者： Emre Ozsoy Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban Frede Blaabjerg Mahajan Sagar Bhaskar Fiaz Ahmad Research & Development Design Center Danfoss Drives A/S Denmark Department of Energy Technology Aalborg University Esbjerg Denmark Center of Reliable Power Electronics (CORPE) Department of Energy Technology Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark Renewable Energy Lab Department of Communications & Networks College of Engineering Prince Sultan University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Electrical Engineering National University of Computer & Emerging Science5 Peshawar Pakistan

High output gain ratio demand for DC-DC converters have been increasing in recent years due to diverse integration of various renewable sources and industrial applications. This article focused to provide a detailed analysis of a Cuk converter with increased voltage conversion ratio. The circuit only consists of two inductors, five capacitors and four diodes. In particular, configuration is composed of combination of two different cascaded switched capacitor voltage boost network. The voltage in the output is 29 times higher than the input voltage, if 0.9 duty ratio is used. Further, high gain DC-DC converter control is a challenging task due to higher order and nonlinear characteristics. Standard PI controllers cannot accomplish robust operation for all operation regions. Hence, Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) is a reliable and robust method for high order nonlinear systems due to its robustness and independence from system dynamics and parameter variations. Furthermore, this paper develops a constant switching frequency SMC approach to high gain modified Cuk converter. Comprehensive theoretical analysis is presented and numerically verified using Matlab/Simulink software.

关键词： DC-DC power converters Switches Switching frequency PI control Voltage control Hysteresis Inductors

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Excitable london: Street map analysis with oregonator model

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Adamatzky, Andrew Phillips, Neil Weerasekera, Roshan Tsompanas, Michail-Antisthenis Sirakoulis, Georgios Ch. Department of Computer Science and Creative Technologies Unconventional Computing Lab Uwe Bristol United Kingdom Department of Engineering Design and Mathematics Uwe Bristol United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Democritus University of Thrace Xanthi Greece

We explore geometry of London's streets using computational mode of an excitable chemical system, Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) medium. We virtually fill in the streets with a BZ medium and study propagation of excitation waves for a range of excitability parameters, gradual transition from excitable to subexcitable to non-excitable. We demonstrate a pruning strategy adopted by the medium with decreasing excitability when wider and ballistically appropriate streets are selected. We explain mechanics of streets selection and pruning. The results of the paper will be used in future studies of studying dynamics of cities with living excitable substrates. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Application of Deep Learning in Fundus Image Processing for Ophthalmic Diagnosis - A Review

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Sengupta, Sourya Singh, Amitojdeep Leopold, Henry A. Gulati, Tanmay Lakshminarayanan, Vasudevan Theoretical and Experimental Epistemology Lab School of Optometry and Vision Science University of Waterloo Ontario Canada Department of System Design Engineering University of Waterloo Ontario Canada Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology India

An overview of the applications of deep learning in ophthalmic diagnosis using retinal fundus images is presented. We also review various retinal image datasets that can be used for deep learning purposes. Applications of deep learning for segmentation of optic disk, blood vessels and retinal layer as well as detection of lesions are reviewed. Recent deep learning models for classification of diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic macular edema and diabetic retinopathy are also reported. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ophthalmology

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Generating new classes of fixed-time stable systems with predefined upper bound for the settling time

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Aldana-López, Rodrigo Gómez-Gutiérrez, David Jiménez-Rodríguez, Esteban Sánchez-Torres, Juan Diego Defoort, Michael Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering University of Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain Multi-Agent Autonomous Systems Lab Intel Labs Intel Tecnología de México Jalisco Mexico Tecnologico de Monterrey Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias Jalisco Mexico Relativity6 Inc. Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Lab. Jalisco Mexico Research Laboratory on Optimal Design Devices and Advanced Materials -OPTIMA- Department of Mathematics and Physics ITESO Jalisco Mexico LAMIH UMR CNRS 8201 INSA Polytechnic University of Hauts-de-France Valenciennes France

This paper aims to provide a methodology for generating autonomous and nonautonomous systems with a fixed-time stable equilibrium point where an Upper Bound of the Settling Time (UBST) is set a priori as a parameter of the system. In addition, some conditions for such an upper bound to be the least one are provided. This construction procedure is a relevant contribution when compared with traditional methodologies for generating fixed-time algorithms satisfying time constraints since current estimates of an UBST may be too conservative. The proposed methodology is based on time-scale transformations and Lyapunov analysis. It allows the presentation of a broad class of fixed-time stable systems with predefined UBST, placing them under a common framework with existing methods using time-varying gains. To illustrate the effectiveness of our approach, we generate novel, autonomous and non-autonomous, fixed-time stable algorithms with predefined least UBST. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Toward the universal quantum cloner limit for designing compact photonic CNOT gate

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Gueddana, Amor Lakshminarayanan, Vasudevan Green & Smart Communication Systems Lab Gres'Com Engineering School of Communication of Tunis Sup'Com University of Carthage Ghazela Technopark Ariana2083 Tunisia Theoretical & Experimental Epistemology Lab TEEL School of Optometry and Vision Science University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West WaterlooONN2l 3G1 Canada Department of Physics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West WaterlooONN2l 3G1 Canada

We suggest a near deterministic compact model of a photonic CNOT gate based on a quantum dot trapped in a double sided optical microcavity and a universal cloner. Our design surpasses the cloner optimal limit of 5/6 and we show that it provides fidelity around 91 % in the weak coupling regime. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semiconductor quantum dots

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A General protocol for Distributed Quantum Gates

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Sarvaghad-Moghaddam, Moein Zomorodi-Moghadam, Mariam Farouk, Ahmed Quantum Design Automation Lab Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran 1 Iran Department of Computer Engineering Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran Department of Physics and Computer Science Wilfrid Laurier University Waterloo Canada

Distributed quantum computation requires to apply quantum remote gates on separate nodes or subsystems of network. On the other hand, Toffoli gate is a universal and well-known quantum gate. It is frequently used in synthesis of quantum circuits. In this paper, a general protocol for implementing a remote η-qubit controlled-U gate is presented with minimum required resources. Then, the proposed method is applied for implementing a Toffoli gate in bipartite and tripartite systems. This method also is optimal when group of the qubits belong to one part, section or subsystem of network. Beucase it only use one entangled qubit for each group of the qubits in mentioned conditions. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Qubits

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Not just functional, nutritious, but also experiential: designing eating experiences for space travel 69

Not just functional, nutritious, but also experiential: Desi...

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69th International Astronautical Congress: #InvolvingEveryone, IAC 2018

作者： Obrist, Marianna Tu, Yunwen Yao, Lining Velasco, Carlos Sussex Computer Human Interaction Lab School of Engineering and Informatics University of Sussex Chichester 1 BrightonBN1 9QJ United Kingdom Food Design 322 Crestview Circle Daly CityCA United States Carnegie Mellon University School of Computer Science 5000 Forbes Ave PittsburghPA15213 United States Center for Multisensory Marketing Department of Marketing BI Norwegian Business School Nydalsveien 37 Oslo0484 Norway

In light of short- and long-term space travels to the Moon and Mars, it is essential to design nutritious foods, but also to make eating an enjoyable experience. To date, though, most research on space food design emphasizes the functional and nutritional aspects of food, but there are no systematic studies that focus is on the human experience of eating in space. We know however that food has a multi-dimensional and multisensorial role in societies and that sensory, hedonic, and social features of eating and food design should not be underestimated. We present, how research in the field of Human-computer Interaction (HCI) can provide a user-centered design approach to co-create innovative ideas around the future of food and eating in space, balancing functional and experiential factors. Based on our research and inspired by advances in human food-interaction design, we developed three design concepts that integrate and tackle four crucial challenges for 'Eating in Space': to be functional, sensorial, emotional, and social. Moreover, we consider the environmental/atmospheric perspective in our design concepts. We can particularly capitalize on recent technological advances around digital fabrication, food 3D printing technology, and virtual and augmented reality to enable the design and integration of multisensory eating experiences. We also highlight that in future space travels, the target users will diversify. Thinking about future target users, we need to look at astronauts (current users, paid to do the job) but also beyond and consider paying customers (non-astronauts) who will be able to book a space holiday to the Moon or Mars. To create the right conditions for space travelling and to satisfy those users, we need to innovate beyond the initial excitement of designing an 'eating like an astronaut' experience and design for experiences beyond the novelty of the situation. To do so we can draw upon prior HCI research in human food-interaction design and build

关键词： Human computer interaction

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Preface

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CEUR Workshop Proceedings 2020年 2617卷

作者： Baytas, Mehmet Aydin Funk, Markus Ljungblad, Sara Garcia, Jérémie La Delfa, Joseph Mueller, Florian Floyd Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities Koç University Istanbul Turkey Cerence Inc. Ulm Germany Department of Computer Science of Engineering University of Gothenburg Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden ENAC University of Toulouse Toulouse France School of Design RMIT University Melbourne Australia Exertion Games Lab Monash University Melbourne Australia

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Deformable object tracking with gated fusion

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Liu, Wenxi Song, Yibing Chen, Dengsheng He, Shengfeng Yu, Yuanlong Yan, Tao Hancke, Gerhard P. Lau, Rynson W.H. College of Mathematics and Computer Science Fuzhou University China Tencent AI Lab Shenzhen China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology Jiangnan University China School of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of Technology China City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

—The tracking-by-detection framework receives growing attentions through the integration with the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Existing tracking-by-detection based methods, however, fail to track objects with severe appearance variations. This is because the traditional convolutional operation is performed on fixed grids, and thus may not be able to find the correct response while the object is changing pose or under varying environmental conditions. In this paper, we propose a deformable convolution layer to enrich the target appearance representations in the tracking-by-detection framework. We aim to capture the target appearance variations via deformable convolution, which adaptively enhances its original features. In addition, we also propose a gated fusion scheme to control how the variations captured by the deformable convolution affect the original appearance. The enriched feature representation through deformable convolution facilitates the discrimination of the CNN classifier on the target object and background. Extensive experiments on the standard benchmarks show that the proposed tracker performs favorably against state-of-the-art methods. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolution

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