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37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2023

作者： Alam, Firoj Dalvi, Fahim Durrani, Nadir Sajjad, Hassan Khan, Abdul Rafae Xu, Jia Qatar Computing Research Institute HBKU Research Complex Qatar Faculty of Computer Science Dalhousie University Canada School of Engineering and Science Stevens Institute of Technology United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781577358800

The opacity of deep neural networks remains a challenge in deploying solutions where explanation is as important as precision. We present ConceptX, a human-in-the-loop framework for interpreting and annotating latent representational space in pre-trained Language Models (pLMs). We use an unsupervised method to discover concepts learned in these models and enable a graphical interface for humans to generate explanations for the concepts. To facilitate the process, we provide auto-annotations of the concepts (based on traditional linguistic ontologies). Such annotations enable development of a linguistic resource that directly represents latent concepts learned within deep NLP models. These include not just traditional linguistic concepts, but also task-specific or sensitive concepts (words grouped based on gender or religious connotation) that helps the annotators to mark bias in the model. The framework consists of two parts (i) concept discovery and (ii) annotation platform. Copyright © 2023, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Linguistics

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Belief Propagation List Decoding for Polar Codes:Performance Analysis and Software Implementation on GPU

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China Communications 2023年第9期20卷 115-126页

作者： Zhanxian Liu Wei Li Lei Sun Wei Li Jianquan Wang Haijun Zhang School of Computer&Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Satellite Frequency and Orbit Resource Agency State Radio Monitoring CenterBeijing 100041China School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services Institute of Artificial IntelligenceUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Belief propagation(BP)decoding outputs soft information and can be naturally used in iterative *** list(BPL)decoding provides comparable error-correction performance to the successive cancellation list(SCL)*** this paper,we firstly introduce an enhanced code construction scheme for BPL decoding to improve its errorcorrection ***,a GPU-based BPL decoder with adoption of the new code construction is ***,the proposed BPL decoder is tested on NVIDIA RTX3070 and *** results show that the presented BPL decoder with early termination criterion achieves above 1 Gbps throughput on RTX3070 for the code(1024,512)with 32 lists under good channel conditions.

关键词： polar code belief propagation SIMT list decoding GPU

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MediBlock: A Blockchain-based Architecture for Secure Healthcare System

MediBlock: A Blockchain-based Architecture for Secure Health...

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2023 International Conference on Advancement in Computation and computer Technologies, InCACCT 2023

作者： Shrimali, Bela Surati, Shivangi Trivedi, Himani Institute of Technology Nirma University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Gujarat Ahmedabad India Pandit Deendayal Energy University School of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Gujarat Gandhinagar India LDRP Institute of Technology and Research Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya University Department of Computer Engineering Gujarat Gandhinagar India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350396485

The existing healthcare domain has numerous components such as sharing of private medical records, medical insurance claims, and exchange of medical products among untrusted stakeholders viz. users (patients, doctors, nurses, healthcare staff, hospitals), and agencies (life insurance companies, pharmaceutical companies). However, the data exchange between different stakeholders of healthcare suffers from issues viz. fraud in the medical supply chain, dependency for coordination and collaboration among its stakeholders, traceability, reliability, security, and privacy of data. To achieve privacy& security of data as well as profitability & trust for all its stakeholders, Blockchain technology in healthcare is an appropriate alternative that proffers a complete scheme that records and shares essential data securely. The encrypted data generated by Blockchain technology becomes immutable. Hence, this research is intended to propose a Blockchain-based mechanism viz. MediBlock addresses the issues related to the healthcare domain by connecting various stakeholders. We further discuss the implications and potential for the actual adoption of MediBlock. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Smart contract

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ECDSA-based tamper detection in medical data using a watermarking technique

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International Journal of Cognitive Computing in engineering 2024年第1期5卷 78-87页

作者： Ch, Rupa Vivek K, Naga Srivastava, Gautam Reddy Gadekallu Department CSE VR Siddhartha Engineering College Andhra Pradesh Vijayawada520 007 India Dept of Math and Computer Science Brandon University MB Canada Dept. of Computer Science and Math Lebanese American University Beirut1102 Lebanon Centre of Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara Punjab Rajpura140401 India Lebanese American University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Byblos Lebanon Lovely Professional University Division of Research and development Phagwara India Jiaxing University College of Information Science and Engineering Jiaxing China

Telemedicine is a form of healthcare delivery that employs communication technology to provide medical care to patients remotely. The use of telemedicine has seen a significant increase in recent years, presenting challenges such as patient privacy, data security, the need for reliable communication technology, and the potential for misdiagnosis without a physical examination. Digital Watermarking can assist in addressing such issues by incorporating a unique identifier into an image that can be used to authenticate its validity. To tackle these issues, this study proposes a robust digital watermarking approach tailored to brain medical images, combining hashing, the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA), and the Integer Wavelet Transform-Discrete Cosine Transform (IWT-DCT). This method utilizes the Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA-256) to first segment the brain's Region of Interest (RoI). Subsequently, the hashed RoI, along with an ECDSA signature, is embedded into the high-frequency sub-bands of the medical image using IWT-DCT. The embedding process strategically alters the coefficients of the high-frequency sub-bands to accommodate the signature while minimizing perceptual distortion. The technique leverages the robustness of transformed-domain image watermarking techniques against various attacks and combines it with SHA-256 for integrity and ECDSA for authentication purposes. The results demonstrate that the suggested approach is robust to a variety of image processing techniques, including noise addition, filtering, and compression while maintaining high levels of imperceptibility. Key metrics such as the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) were used to evaluate performance. The suggested strategy exhibited a substantial improvement over existing methods. The PSNR increased to 68.67, indicating higher image quality, while the MSE reduced to 0.96, demonstrating closer pixel values to the or

关键词： Mean square error

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Coverage Probability of EH-enabled LoRa networks - A Deep Learning Approach

EAI Endorsed Transactions on Industrial Networks and Intelli...

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EAI Endorsed Transactions on Industrial Networks and Intelligent Systems 2025年第2期12卷 1-11页

作者： Nguyen, Thi-Tuyet-Hai Hung, Tran Cong Son, Nguyen Hong Hanh, Tan Duy, Tran Trung Tu, Lam-Thanh Faculty of Information Technology Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology Viet Nam School of Computer Science & Engineering Saigon International University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Faculty of Telecommunications Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology Viet Nam Communication and Signal Processing Research Group Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

The performance of energy harvesting (EH)-enabled long-range (LoRa) networks is analyzed in this work. Specifically, we employ deep learning (DL) to estimate the coverage probability (Pcov) of the considered networks. Our study incorporates a general fading distribution, specifically the Nakagami-m distribution, and utilizes tools from stochastic geometry (SG) to model the spatial distributions of all nodes and end-devices (EDs) with EH capability. The DL approach is employed to overcome the limitations of model-based methods that can only evaluate the Pcov under simplified network conditions. Therefore, we propose a deep neural network (DNN) that estimates the Pcov with high accuracy compared to the ground truth values. Additionally, we demonstrate that DL significantly outperforms the Monte Carlo simulation approach in terms of resource consumption, including time and memory. © (2025), (European Alliance for Innovation). All rights reserved.

关键词： Coverage probability deep learning energy harvesting long range power beacon

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Robust Machine Learning Technique to Classify COVID-19 Using Fusion of Texture and Vesselness of X-Ray Images

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1981-2004页

作者： Shaik Mahaboob Basha Victor Hugo Cde Albuquerque Samia Allaoua Chelloug Mohamed Abd Elaziz Shaik Hashmitha Mohisin Suhail Parvaze Pathan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering N.B.K.R.Institute of Science&TechnologyVidyanagarAndhra Pradesh524413India Department of Teleinformatics Engineering Federal University of CearáFortaleza60455-970Brazil Information Technology Department College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh84428Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceZagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Galala UniversitySuez435611Egypt Artificial Intelligence Research Center(AIRC) College of Engineering and Information TechnologyAjman UniversityAjmanUnited Arab Emirates Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American UniversityByblos13-5053Lebanon Department of Avionics Indian Institute of Space Science and TechnologyThiruvananthapuramKerala695547India Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMinnesota55108USA

Manual investigation of chest radiography(CXR)images by physicians is crucial for effective decision-making in COVID-19 ***,the high demand during the pandemic necessitates auxiliary help through image analysis and machine learning *** study presents a multi-threshold-based segmentation technique to probe high pixel intensity regions in CXR images of various pathologies,including normal *** information is extracted using gray co-occurrence matrix(GLCM)-based features,while vessel-like features are obtained using Frangi,Sato,and Meijering *** learning models employing Decision Tree(DT)and RandomForest(RF)approaches are designed to categorize CXR images into common lung infections,lung opacity(LO),COVID-19,and viral pneumonia(VP).The results demonstrate that the fusion of texture and vesselbased features provides an effective ML model for aiding *** ML model validation using performance measures,including an accuracy of approximately 91.8%with an RF-based classifier,supports the usefulness of the feature set and classifier model in categorizing the four different ***,the study investigates the importance of the devised features in identifying the underlying pathology and incorporates histogrambased *** analysis reveals varying natural pixel distributions in CXR images belonging to the normal,COVID-19,LO,and VP groups,motivating the incorporation of additional features such as mean,standard deviation,skewness,and percentile based on the filtered ***,the study achieves a considerable improvement in categorizing COVID-19 from LO,with a true positive rate of 97%,further substantiating the effectiveness of the methodology implemented.

关键词： Chest radiography(CXR)image COVID-19 classifier machine learning random forest texture analysis

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Cross-Layer Distributed Attack Detection Model for the IoT

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International Journal of Ambient Computing and Intelligence 2022年第1期13卷 1-17页

作者： Ahmed, Hassan I. Nasr, Abdurrahman A. Abdel-Mageid, Salah M. Aslan, Heba K. Informatics Department Electronics Research Institute Cairo Egypt Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Computer Engineering Department College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Saudi Arabia Center of Informatics Science Faculty of Information Technology and Computer Science Nile University Egypt

The security of IoT that is based on layered approaches has shortcomings such as the redundancy, inflexibility, and inefficiently of security solutions. There are many harmful attacks in IoT networks such as DoS and DDoS attacks, which can compromise the IoT architecture in all layers. Consequently, cross layer approach is proposed as an effective and practical security defending mechanism. Cross-layer distributed attack detection model (CLDAD) is proposed to enhance security solutions for IoT environments. CLDAD presents a general detection method of DDoS in sensing layer, network layer, and application layer. CLDAD is based on big data analytics techniques, which enable the detection process to be performed in a distributed way, so the model can detect DDoS attacks in any layer on-the-fly and the model support the scalability of the IoT environment. CLDAD is tested based on three datasets, namely artificial jamming attack dataset, BoT-IoT dataset, and BoT-IoT-based HTTP. The results showed that the proposed model is efficient in detecting attacks in the three layers of the IoT. Copyright © 2022, IGI Global.

关键词： Big data

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Maximizing Resource Efficiency in Cloud Data Centers through Knowledge-Based Flower Pollination Algorithm (KB-FPA)

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 3757-3782页

作者： Nidhika Chauhan Navneet Kaur Kamaljit Singh Saini Sahil Verma Kavita Ruba Abu Khurma Pedro A.Castillo University Institute of Computing Department Chandigarh UniversityPunjab140413India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh UniversityPunjab140413India Universidade Federal do Piauí TeresinaPiauí64049-550Brazil MEU Research Unit Faculty of Information TechnologyMiddle East UniversityAmman11831Jordan Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11931Jordan Department of Computer Engineering Automatics and RoboticsUniversity of GranadaGranada18071Spain

Cloud computing is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field,where the demand for resources fluctuates *** paper delves into the imperative need for adaptability in the allocation of resources to applications and services within cloud computing *** motivation stems from the pressing issue of accommodating fluctuating levels of user demand *** adhering to the proposed resource allocation method,we aim to achieve a substantial reduction in energy *** reduction hinges on the precise and efficient allocation of resources to the tasks that require those most,aligning with the broader goal of sustainable and eco-friendly cloud computing *** enhance the resource allocation process,we introduce a novel knowledge-based optimization *** this study,we rigorously evaluate its efficacy by comparing it to existing algorithms,including the Flower Pollination Algorithm(FPA),Spark Lion Whale Optimization(SLWO),and Firefly *** findings reveal that our proposed algorithm,Knowledge Based Flower Pollination Algorithm(KB-FPA),consistently outperforms these conventional methods in both resource allocation efficiency and energy consumption *** paper underscores the profound significance of resource allocation in the realm of cloud *** addressing the critical issue of adaptability and energy efficiency,it lays the groundwork for a more sustainable future in cloud computing *** contribution to the field lies in the introduction of a new resource allocation strategy,offering the potential for significantly improved efficiency and sustainability within cloud computing infrastructures.

关键词： Cloud computing resource allocation energy consumption optimization algorithm flower pollination algorithm

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Security and Privacy Challenges in SDN-Enabled IoT Systems: Causes, Proposed Solutions,and Future Directions

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2511-2533页

作者： Ahmad Rahdari Ahmad Jalili Mehdi Esnaashari Mehdi Gheisari Alisa A.Vorobeva Zhaoxi Fang Panjun Sun Viktoriia M.Korzhuk Ilya Popov Zongda Wu Hamid Tahaei Institute of Artificial Intelligence Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing312000China Department of Computer Engineering Gonbad Kavous UniversityGonbad-e Kavus49717-99151Iran Faculty of Computer Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran196976-4499Iran Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai602105India Secure Information Technologies Department National Research University ITMOSt.Petersburg197101Russia School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shiraz UniversityShiraz71946–84334Iran Department of Computer Science and Engineering Islamic Azad UniversityDamavand***Iran Department of R&D Shenzhen BKD Co.Ltd.Shenzhen518000China

Software-Defined Networking(SDN)represents a significant paradigm shift in network architecture,separating network logic from the underlying forwarding devices to enhance flexibility and centralize ***-rently,the Internet of Things(IoT)connects numerous devices to the Internet,enabling autonomous interactions with minimal human ***,implementing and managing an SDN-IoT system is inherently complex,particularly for those with limited resources,as the dynamic and distributed nature of IoT infrastructures creates security and privacy challenges during SDN *** findings of this study underscore the primary security and privacy challenges across application,control,and data planes.A comprehensive review evaluates the root causes of these challenges and the defense techniques employed in prior works to establish sufficient secrecy and privacy *** investigations have explored cutting-edge methods,such as leveraging blockchain for transaction recording to enhance security and privacy,along with applying machine learning and deep learning approaches to identify and mitigate the impacts of Denial of Service(DoS)and Distributed DoS(DDoS)***,the analysis indicates that encryption and hashing techniques are prevalent in the data plane,whereas access control and certificate authorization are prominently considered in the control plane,and authentication is commonly employed within the application ***,this paper outlines future directions,offering insights into potential strategies and technological advancements aimed at fostering a more secure and privacy-conscious SDN-based IoT ecosystem.

关键词： Security privacy-preserving software-defined network internet of things

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Data-Driven Stop-Loss Hedging Strategies for NSE Using Machine Learning Techniques

Data-Driven Stop-Loss Hedging Strategies for NSE Using Machi...

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2025 International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems for Collaborative Intelligence, ICMSCI 2025

作者： Nagaraj, P. Prabhu, M. Chaithanya Visist, T. Janani, D. Hitesh, S. Saranath, P. Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education Department of Computer Science and Engineering Krishnankoil Virudhunagar India Indian Institute of Technology Madras Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Chennai600036 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509828

The financial markets are inherently volatile, and investors constantly seek ways to mitigate risks while maximizing returns. This work aims to develop a stop-loss hedging strategy for a portfolio of stocks listed on the National Stock Exchange (Nse) to minimize losses and maximize returns. This strategy utilizes real-time market data to adjust stop-load levels dynamically by predicting future stock. This will protect against market downwards. We used long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks to predict the next stock value. This AI-driven model allows the system to predict the next stock by using real-time market data and adjust the stoploss level accordingly. In addition, this system integrates a hedging strategy. It determines whether to hedge based on the predicted stock price compared to the current price. If the predicted price is less than the current price a hedging strategy like short selling or buying put option is suggested. This automated solution is useful for retail investors. This strategy will protect against losses and returns maximum profits. When the market is upside the stoploss position also increases and will make maximum profits. If the market is downward it will protest from losses by putting a stoploss level and it will return minimum losses. Here we use different algorithms in the work like decision tree, random forest, LSTM, and SVM. Based on the all algorithms we got the highest accuracy for the decision tree and the accuracy is 99.54%. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Data Analysis Data science Decision Tree Economic Growth Hedging Strategy Long Term Short Memory NSE Random Forest Stocks Stop - Loss SVM

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