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A cryogenic test-mass suspension with flexures operating in compression for third-generation gravitational-wave detectors

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Peña Arellano, Fabián E. Leon, Nelson L. López, Leonardo González Desalvo, Riccardo themann, Harry Appavuravther, Esra Zerina Avallone, Guerino Badaracco, Francesca Barton, Mark A. Bertolini, Alessandro Chavez, Christian Damas, Andy Damas, Richard Gallego, Britney Hennes, Eric iannone, Gerardo Linker, seth Mondin, Marina Moreno, Claudia Pang, Kevin selleri, stefano soto, Mynor travasso, Flavio Van-Heijningen, Joris Velez, Fernando Zeoli, Morgane Blvd. Gral. Marcelino García Barragán 1421 Col. Olímpica Jalisco Guadalajara44430 Mexico Institute for Cosmic Ray Research KAGRA Observatory The University of Tokyo 238 Higashi-Mozumi Kamioka-cho Gifu Hida City506-1205 Japan California State University Los Angeles College of Engineering Computer Science and Technology 5151 State University Dr Los AngelesCA90032 United States University of Sannio Department of Engineering Corso Garibaldi 107 BeneventoI-82100 Italy Gruppo Collegato di Salerno Sezione di Napoli via Giovanni Paolo II SA Fisciano Italy California State University Los Angeles Department of Physics and Astronomy 5151 State University Dr Los AngelesCA90032 United States Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Waves Albert Einstein Institute – GEO 600 Callinstraße 38 Hannover30167 Germany Department of Physics "E. R. Caianiello" University of Salerno Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 SA FiscianoI-84084 Italy University of Genova Department of Physics via Dodecaneso 33 Genova16146 Italy Institute for Gravitational Research University of Glasgow GlasgowG12 8QQ United Kingdom Nikhef Science Park 105 Amsterdam1098 XG Netherlands University of Florence Dept. of Information Engineering Via di S. Marta 3 Firenze50139 Italy University of Camerino School of Science and Technology Physics Division Via Madonna delle Carceri 9B MC Camerino62032 Italy Sezione di Perugia - via Pascoli Perugia06125 Italy Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Department of Physics and Astronomy De Boelelaan 1100 Amsterdam1081 HZ Netherlands UCLouvain Chemin du cyclotron 2 Louvain-la-NeuveB-1348 Belgium Precision Mechatronics Laboratory A&M Dept ULiège Allée de la Découverte 9 LiègeB-4000 Belgium

this paper presents an analysis of the conceptual design of a novel silicon suspension for the cryogenic test-mass mirrors of the low-frequency detector of the Einstein telescope gravitational-wave observatory. in traditional suspensions, tensional stress is a severe limitation for achieving low thermal noise, safer mechanical margins and high thermal conductance simultaneously. in order to keep the tensional stress sufficiently low, we propose the use of rigid beams with large cross sections, combined with short flexures under compressional load. this configuration takes advantage of the many times higher strength of silicon in compression to respect to its strength in tension. the flexures are mechanically robust and at the same time soft in the working direction, thus producing low suspension thermal noise and, by being short, provide high thermal conductance for cryogenic cooling. the rigid beams, located between the test mass and an intermediate mass, allow the elimination of the recoil mass used conventionally for applying control forces for interferometer lock, and the use of optical anti-springs to reduce the pendulum resonant frequency to further improve the vibration isolation of the test mass. the configuration has the capability to reach a lower mirror operational temperature, which is expected to produce a substantial reduction of the thermal noise in the mirrors of the interferometer. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Conceptual design

Maximum Lifetime Optimized Collaboration of Data and Energy Routing in VANEt

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Maximum Lifetime Optimized Collaboration of Data and Energy ...

2019虚拟现实与智能系统国际会议

作者： Ming Hu Hanlin Chen Jiejun Hu Hui Yan Ping Yu Platform of Jilin Province Science and Technology (S&T) Department "Jilin Province S&T Innovation Center for Physical Simulation and Security of Water resources and Electric Power Engineering" Changchun Institute of Technology College of Computer Science and Technology Changchun University of Technology School of Computer Sciences and Electrical Engineering University of Essex

the roadside units(RsUs) based on traditional grid has high carbon footprint and high deployment cost in vehicle dedicated *** ideal green alternative has become an important issue in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks(VANEts).in this paper,we propose a novel framework of energy harvesting and cooperation to maximize the life cycle in *** this VANEt scenario,the RsU node can harvest energy from the nature and also receive down steam vehicle energy dispatch to maintain the energy needed for data transmission,may transfers a portion of obtained energies by RsU nodes to the neighboring RsU nodes through energy *** vehicle can access the RsU in two ways:1) direct delivery when the vehicle is within the transmission range of the RsU;2) multihop relay when the vehicle is not within the transmission range of the *** analysing the data rate,transmission power and energy transmission,we solve the problem of maximum network life cycle in the conservation law of energy and *** consider involving energy constraints and data transmission joint problem,we optimize each RUs nodes energy management over vehicular outgoing data links and its energy transfers to neighboring RsU *** this case,with no energy cooperation,we show that each RsU node should allocate more power to links with more noise and/or more data *** addition,when there is energy cooperation,our numerical results indicate that the energy is routed from nodes with higher energy to nodes with lower *** results show that energy and data routing cooperation in VANEt strategy can effectively improve the network life cycle.

关键词： Road side units Energy harvesting data and energy routing cooperation life cycle

Exploration of Differentiability in a Proton Computed tomography simulation Framework

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Aehle, Max Alme, Johan Barnaföldi, Gergely Gábor Blühdorn, Johannes Bodova, tea Borshchov, Vyacheslav van den Brink, Anthony Eikeland, Viljar Feofilov, Gregory Garth, Christoph Gauger, Nicolas R. Grøttvik, Ola Helstrup, Håvard igolkin, sergey Keidel, Ralf Kobdaj, Chinorat Kortus, tobias Kusch, Lisa Leonhardt, Viktor Mehendale, shruti Mulawade, Raju Ningappa Odland, Odd Harald O’Neill, George Papp, Gábor Peitzmann, thomas Pettersen, Helge Egil seime Piersimoni, Pierluigi Pochampalli, Rohit Protsenko, Maksym Rauch, Max Rehman, Attiq Ur Richter, Matthias Röhrich, Dieter sagebaum, Max santana, Joshua schilling, Alexander seco, Joao songmoolnak, Arnon sudár, Ákos tambave, Ganesh tymchuk, ihor Ullaland, Kjetil Varga-Kofarago, Monika Volz, Lennart Wagner, Boris Wendzel, steffen Wiebel, Alexander Xiao, RenZheng Yang, shiming Zillien, sebastian Chair for Scientific Computing University of Kaiserslautern-Landau Kaiserslautern67663 Germany Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen5007 Norway Wigner Research Centre for Physics Budapest Hungary Kharkiv Ukraine Institute for Subatomic Physics Utrecht University/Nikhef Utrecht Netherlands St. Petersburg University St. Petersburg Russia Scientific Visualization Lab University of Kaiserslautern-Landau Kaiserslautern67663 Germany Department of Computer Science Electrical Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Bergen5020 Norway University of Applied Sciences Worms Worms Germany Institute of Science Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand Department of Oncology and Medical Physics Haukeland University Hospital Bergen5021 Norway Institute for Physics Eötvös Loránd University 1/A Pázmány P. Sétány BudapestH-1117 Hungary FSN Department ENEA Frascati Research Center Frascati00044 Italy Department of Physics University of Oslo Oslo0371 Norway Department of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology DKFZ—German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg Germany Department of Physics and Astronomy Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Bhubaneswar India Biophysics GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH Darmstadt Germany Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London London United Kingdom College of Mechanical & Power Engineering China Three Gorges University Yichang China

Objective. Algorithmic differentiation (AD) can be a useful technique to numerically optimize design and algorithmic parameters by, and quantify uncertainties in, computer simulations. However, the effectiveness of AD depends on how "well-linearizable" the software is. in this study, we assess how promising derivative information of a typical proton computed tomography (pCt) scan computer simulation is for the aforementioned applications. Approach. this study is mainly based on numerical experiments, in which we repeatedly evaluate three representative computational steps with perturbed input values. We support our observations with a review of the algorithmic steps and arithmetic operations performed by the software, using debugging techniques. Main results. the model-based iterative reconstruction (MBiR) subprocedure (at the end of the software pipeline) and the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation (at the beginning) were piecewise differentiable. Jumps in the MBiR function arose from the discrete computation of the set of voxels intersected by a proton path. Jumps in the MC function likely arose from changes in the control flow that affect the amount of consumed random numbers. the tracking algorithm solves an inherently non-differentiable problem. significance. the MC and MBiR codes are ready for the integration of AD, and further research on surrogate models for the tracking subprocedure is necessary. Copyright © 2022, the Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Monte Carlo methods

the ALMA REBELs survey: Discovery of a massive, highly star-forming and morphologically complex ULiRG at z = 7.31

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Hygate, A.P.s. Hodge, J.A. da Cunha, E. Rybak, M. schouws, s. inami, H. stefanon, M. Graziani, L. schneider, R. Dayal, P. Bouwens, R.J. smit, R. Bowler, R.A.A. Endsley, R. Gonzalez, V. Oesch, P.A. stark, D.P. Algera, H.s.B. Aravena, M. Barrufet, L. Ferrara, A. Fudamoto, Y. Hilhorst, J.H.A. De Looze, i. Nanayakkara, t. Pallottini, A. Riechers, D.A. sommovigo, L. topping, M.W. van der Werf, P. Leiden Observatory Leiden University P.O. Box 9513 Leiden2300 RA Netherlands International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Hwy Crawley26WA 6009 Australia 2601 Australia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Departament d’Astronomia i Astrofísica Universitat de València C. Dr. Moliner 50 Burjassot ValènciaE-46100 Spain Dipartimento di Fisica Sapienza Università di Roma Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 RomaI-00185 Italy INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Largo E. Fermi 5 FirenzeI-50125 Italy Sapienza School for Advanced Studies Viale Regina Elena 291 RomaI-00161 Italy INAF/Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma via Frascati 33 Monte Porzio Catone RomaI-00078 Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Roma1 Piazzale Aldo Moro 2 RomaI-00185 Italy Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics Department of Physics and Astronomy School of Natural Sciences The University of Manchester ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Steward Observatory University of Arizona 933 N Cherry Ave TucsonAZ85721 United States Departmento de Astronomia Universidad de Chile Casilla 36-D Santiago7591245 Chile Camino del Observatorio 1515 Las Condes Santiago7591245 Chile Observatoire de Genève VersoixCH-1290 Switzerland Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Jagtvej 128 København NDK-2200 Denmark National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo Japan Nucleo de Astronomia Facultad de Ingenieria y Ciencias Universidad Diego Portales Av. Ejercito 441 Santiago Chile Scuola Normale Superiore Piazza dei Cavalieri 7 PisaI- 50126 Italy Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan Sterrenkun

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) [Cii] and ∼ 158μm continuum observations of REBELs-25, a massive, morphologically complex ultra-luminous infrared galaxy (ULiRG;LiR = 1.5+−00.85 × 1012 L) at z = 7.31, spectroscopically confirmed by the Reionization Era Bright Emission Line survey (REBELs) ALMA Large Programme. REBELs-25 has a significant stellar mass of M∗ = 8+−42 × 109 M . From dust-continuum and ultraviolet observations, we determine a total obscured + unobscured star formation rate of sFR = 199+−10163 M yr−1. this is about four times the sFR estimated from an extrapolated main-sequence. We also infer a [Cii]-based molecular gas mass of MH2 = 5.1+−52.16 × 1010 M, implying a molecular gas depletion time of tdepl,H2 = 0.3+−00.32 Gyr. We observe a [Cii] velocity gradient consistent with disc rotation, but given the current resolution we cannot rule out a more complex velocity structure such as a merger. the spectrum exhibits excess [Cii] emission at large positive velocities (∼ 500 km s−1), which we interpret as either a merging companion or an outflow. in the outflow scenario, we derive a lower limit of the mass outflow rate of 200 M yr−1, which is consistent with expectations for a star formation-driven outflow. Given its large stellar mass, sFR and molecular gas reservoir ∼ 700 Myr after the Big Bang, we explore the future evolution of REBELs-25. Considering a simple, conservative model assuming an exponentially declining star formation history, constant star formation efficiency, and no additional gas inflow, we find that REBELs-25 has the potential to evolve into a galaxy consistent with the properties of high-mass quiescent galaxies recently observed at z ∼ 4. Copyright © 2023, the Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

science with the Global Cosmic-ray Observatory (GCOs) 38

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Science with the Global Cosmic-ray Observatory (GCOS)

38th international Cosmic Ray Conference, iCRC 2023

作者： Batista, Rafael Alves Ahlers, M. Alves Batista, R. Assis, P. Battisti, M. Bellido, J.A. Bhatnagar, s. Bismark, K. Bister, t. Bohacova, M. Caccianiga, L. Caruso, R. Carvalho, W. Castellina, A. Colalillo, R. Convenga, F. Dawson, B. De Mitri, i. de Palma, F. Deval, L. di Matteo, A. DuVernois, M. Engel, R. Eser, J. Fitoussi, t. Flaggs, B. Fujii, t. Garzelli, M.V. Gkika, V. Hamal, P. Hariharan, B. Haungs, A. Hnatyk, B. Hörandel, J. Horváth, P. Hrabovsky, M. Huege, t. ikeda, D. isar, P.G. James, R. Johnsen, J. Kampert, K.-H. Kleifges, M. Koundal, P. Liu, J. Longo, F. Mandat, D. Mariş, i.C. Matthews, J. Mayotte, E. Medina-tanco, G. Mulrey, K. Muzio, M.s. Nellen, L. Niechciol, M. Ogio, s. Oikonomou, F. Ostrowski, M. Pont, B. Porcelli, A. Rautenberg, J. Rieger, F. Risse, M. Roth, M. sako, t. salamida, F. santangelo, A. santos, E. sarazin, F. saveliev, A. schimp, M. schmidt, D. schröder, F. sergijenko, O. sigl, G. soldin, D. spiczak, G. tameda, Y. Unger, M. van Vliet, A. Vorobiov, s. Wibig, t. Wundheiler, B. Yushkov, A. Zotov, M. Instituto de Física Teórica UAM-CSIC C Nicolás Cabrera 13-15 Madrid28049 Spain Departamento de Física Teórica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid M-15 Madrid28049 Spain Niels Bohr Institute Copenhagen Denmark Instituto de Física Teórica UAM-CSIC Madrid Spain Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Departamento de Física Teórica Madrid Spain Universidade de Lisboa Instituto Superior Técnico Lisboa Portugal Universidade de Lisboa Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas Lisboa Portugal Université de Paris Astroparticule et Cosmologie Paris France The University of Adelaide Physics Department Adelaide Australia Dayalbagh Educational Institute Department of Physics and Computer Science Agra India Institute for Experimental Particle Physics Karlsruhe Germany Radboud University Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics Nijmegen Netherlands Amsterdam Netherlands Institute of Physics The Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic Sezione di Milano Milan Italy Department of Physics and Astronomy "E. Majorana" University of Catania Catania Italy Sezione di Catania Catania Italy Sezione di Torino Turin Italy Turin Italy Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" Naples Italy Sezione di Napoli Naples Italy Università dell’Aquila Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche L’Aquila Italy Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso L’Aquila Assergi Italy Gran Sasso Science Institute L’Aquila Italy Università del Salento Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "E. De Giorgi" Lecce Italy Institute for Astroparticle Physics Karlsruhe Germany University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Physics MadisonWI United States University of Wisconsin-Madison Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center MadisonWI United States The University of Chicago Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics ChicagoIL United States University of Delaware Bartol Research Institute NewarkDE United States Osaka Metropolitan Univers

the Global Cosmic-ray Observatory (GCOs) is a proposed large-scale observatory for studying ultra-high-energy cosmic particles, including ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), photons, and neutrinos. its primary goal is to characterise the properties of the highest-energy particles in Nature with unprecedented accuracy, and to identify their elusive sources. With an aperture at least a ten-fold larger than existing observatories, this next-generation facility should start operating after 2030, when present-day detectors will gradually cease their activities. Here we briefly review the scientific case motivating GCOs. We present the status of the project, preliminary ideas for its design, and some estimates of its capabilities. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Cosmic rays

Design of semantic Data Model for Agriculture Domain: An indian Prospective 1st

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1st international Conference on soft Computing: theories and Applications, soCtA 2016

作者： Jatwani, Poonam tomar, Pradeep Department of Computer Science Government College For Women Faridabad India Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of I.C.T Gautam Buddha University Greater NoidaUttar Pradesh India

ISBN: (纸本)9789811056864

Agriculture is the backbone of our country’s growth and economy. india is the second largest producer of agricultural products. However, due to lack of proper knowledge and information, it lags behind. Existing ontologies in the agricultural domain may lack information about seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, various Govt. schemes, weather, and soil recommendations along with crop management techniques. so, there is need to convert all agriculture related data into a machine-readable form. in the proposed research work we resort to semantic Web-based technologies to handle this problem. in particular, we focus on RDF format for publishing and linking data for information sharing so that farmers are provided relevant and contextual information timely and accurately. © 2018, springer Nature singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Ontology

statistical theory of the broadband two-plasmon decay instability

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ruskov, Rusko t. Bingham, Robert silva, Luis O. Harper, Max Aboushelbaya, Ramy Myatt, Jason F. Norreys, Peter A. Department of Physics Atomic and Laser Physics sub-Department University of Oxford Clarendon Laboratory Parks Road OxfordOX1 3PU United Kingdom UKRI-STFC Central Laser Facility Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Oxon DidcotOX11 0QX United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Strathclyde John Anderson Building 107 Rottenrow East GlasgowG4 0NG United Kingdom GoLP Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa1049-001 Portugal St. Hilda's College University of Oxford Cowley Pl OxfordOX4 1DY United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 1H9 Canada John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science University of Oxford Denys Wilkinson Building Keble Road OxfordOX1 3RH United Kingdom

there is renewed interest in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion, following the milestone December 2022 3.15 MJ ignition result on the National ignition Facility. A key obstacle is the control of the two-plasmon decay instability. Here, recent advances in inhomogeneous turbulence theory are applied to the broadband parametric instability problem for the first time. A novel dispersion relation is derived for the two-plasmon decay in a uniform plasma valid under broad-bandwidth laser fields with arbitrary power spectra. the effects of temporal incoherence on the instability are then studied. in the limit of large bandwidth, the well-known scaling relations for the growth rate are recovered, but it is shown that the result is more sensitive to the spectral shape of the laser pulse rather than to its coherence time. the range of wavenumbers of the excited plasma waves is shown to be substantially broadened, suggesting that the absolute instability is favoured in regions further away from the quarter critical density. the intermediate bandwidth regime is explored numerically - the growth rate is reduced to half its monochromatic value for laser intensities of 1015 W/cm2 and relatively modest bandwi.t.s of 5 tHz. the instability-quenching properties of a spectrum of discrete lines spread over some bandwidth have also been studied. the reduction in the growth rate is found to be somewhat lower compared to the continuous case but is still significant, despite the fact that, formally, the coherence time of such a laser pulse is infinite. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： statistical mechanics

BigNeuron: a resource to benchmark and predict performance of algorithms for automated tracing of neurons in light microscopy datasets

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Nature methods 2023年第6期20卷 824-835页

作者： Linus Manubens-Gil Zhi Zhou Hanbo Chen Arvind Ramanathan Xiaoxiao Liu Yufeng Liu Alessandro Bria todd Gillette Zongcai Ruan Jian Yang Miroslav Radojević ting Zhao Li Cheng Lei Qu siqi Liu Kristofer E Bouchard Lin Gu Weidong Cai shuiwang Ji Badrinath Roysam Ching-Wei Wang Hongchuan Yu Amos sironi Daniel Maxim iascone Jie Zhou Erhan Bas Eduardo Conde-sousa Paulo Aguiar Xiang Li Yujie Li sumit Nanda Yuan Wang Leila Muresan Pascal Fua Bing Ye Hai-Yan He Jochen F staiger Manuel Peter Daniel N Cox Michel simonneau Marcel Oberlaender Gregory Jefferis Kei ito Paloma Gonzalez-Bellido Jinhyun Kim Edwin Rubel Hollis t Cline Hongkui Zeng Aljoscha Nern Ann-shyn Chiang Jianhua Yao Jane Roskams Rick Livesey Janine stevens tianming Liu Chinh Dang Yike Guo Ning Zhong Georgia tourassi sean Hill Michael Hawrylycz Christof Koch Erik Meijering Giorgio A Ascoli Hanchuan Peng Institute for Brain and Intelligence Southeast University Nanjing China. Microsoft Corporation Redmond WA USA. Tencent AI Lab Bellevue WA USA. Computing Environment and Life Sciences Directorate Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA. Kaya Medical Seattle WA USA. University of Cassino and Southern Lazio Cassino Italy. Center for Neural Informatics Structures and Plasticity Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study George Mason University Fairfax VA USA. Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China. Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services Beijing China. Nuctech Netherlands Rotterdam the Netherlands. Janelia Research Campus Howard Hughes Medical Institute Ashburn VA USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation and Signal Processing Anhui University Hefei China. Paige AI New York NY USA. Scientific Data Division and Biological Systems and Engineering Division Lawrence Berkeley National Lab Berkeley CA USA. Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and Redwood Center for Theoretical Neuroscience UC Berkeley Berkeley CA USA. RIKEN AIP Tokyo Japan. Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan. School of Computer Science University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia. Texas A&M University College Station TX USA. Cullen College of Engineering University of Houston Houston TX USA. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan. National Centre for Computer Animation Bournemouth University Poole UK. PROPHESEE Paris France. Department of Neuroscience Columbia University New York NY USA. Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute Columbia University New York NY USA. Department of Computer Science Northern Illinois Universit

BigNeuron is an open community bench-testing platform with the goal of setting open standards for accurate and fast automatic neuron tracing. We gathered a diverse set of image volumes across several species that is representative of the data obtained in many neuroscience laboratories interested in neuron tracing. Here, we report generated gold standard manual annotations for a subset of the available imaging datasets and quantified tracing quality for 35 automatic tracing algorithms. the goal of generating such a hand-curated diverse dataset is to advance the development of tracing algorithms and enable generalizable benchmarking. together with image quality features, we pooled the data in an interactive web application that enables users and developers to perform principal component analysis, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding, correlation and clustering, visualization of imaging and tracing data, and benchmarking of automatic tracing algorithms in user-defined data subsets. the image quality metrics explain most of the variance in the data, followed by neuromorphological features related to neuron size. We observed that diverse algorithms can provide complementary information to obtain accurate results and developed a method to iteratively combine methods and generate consensus reconstructions. the consensus trees obtained provide estimates of the neuron structure ground truth that typically outperform single algorithms in noisy datasets. However, specific algorithms may outperform the consensus tree strategy in specific imaging conditions. Finally, to aid users in predicting the most accurate automatic tracing results without manual annotations for comparison, we used support vector machine regression to predict reconstruction quality given an image volume and a set of automatic tracings.

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EDGE: the direct link between mass growth history and the extended stellar haloes of the fai.t.st dwarf galaxies

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Goater, Alex Read, Justin i. Noël, Noelia E.D. Orkney, Matthew D.A. Kim, stacy Y. Rey, Martin P. Andersson, Eric P. Agertz, Oscar Pontzen, Andrew Vieliute, Roberta Kataria, Dhairya Jeneway, Kiah Department of Physics University of Surrey GuildfordGU2 7XH United Kingdom ICCUB Universitat de Barcelona Martí i Franquès 1 Barcelona08028 Spain Sub-department of Astrophysics University of Oxford DWB Keble Road OxfordOX1 3RH United Kingdom American Museum of Natural History 200 Central Park West New YorkNY10024 United States Lund Observatory Division of Astrophysics Department of Physics Lund University Box 43 LundSE-221 00 Sweden Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy University of Southampton SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom School of Physics Engineering and Computer Science University of Hertfordshire College Lane HatfieldAL10 9AB United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy University of Kent CanterburyCT2 7NH United Kingdom

Ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFDs) are commonly found in close proximity to the Milky Way and other massive spiral galaxies. As such, their projected stellar ellipticity and extended light distributions are often thought to owe to tidal forces. in this paper, we study the projected stellar ellipticities and fai.t.stellar outskirts of tidally isolated ultra-faints drawn from the ‘engineering Dwarfs at Galaxy Formation’s Edge’ (EDGE) cosmological simulation suite. Despite their tidal isolation, our simulated dwarfs exhibit a wide range of projected ellipticities (0.03 © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Galaxies