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Etching-free pixel definition in InGaN green micro-LEDs

Light(science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1655-1665页

作者： Zhiyuan Liu Yi Lu Haicheng Cao Glen Isaac Maciel Garcia Tingang Liu Xiao Tang Na Xiao Raul Aguileta Vazquez Mingtao Nong Xiaohang Li Advanced Semiconductor Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering ProgramCEMSE DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The traditional plasma etching process for defining micro-LED pixels could lead to significant sidewall *** near sidewall regions act as non-radiative recombination centers and paths for current leakage,significantly deteriorating device *** this study,we demonstrated a novel selective thermal oxidation(STO)method that allowed pixel definition without undergoing plasma damage and subsequent dielectric *** annealing in ambient air oxidized and reshaped the LED structure,such as p-layers and InGaN/GaN multiple quantum ***,the pixel areas beneath the pre-deposited SiO_(2)layer were selectively and effectively *** was demonstrated that prolonged thermal annealing time enhanced the insulating properties of the oxide,significantly reducing LED leakage ***,applying a thicker SiO_(2)protective layer minimized device resistance and boosted device efficiency *** the STO method,InGaN green micro-LED arrays with 50-,30-,and 10-μm pixel sizes were manufactured and *** results indicated that after 4 h of air annealing and with a 3.5-μm SiO_(2)protective layer,the 10-μm pixel array exhibited leakage currents density 1.2×10^(-6)A/cm^(2)at-10 V voltage and a peak on-wafer external quantum efficiency of~6.48%.This work suggests that the STO method could become an effective approach for future micro-LED manufacturing to mitigate adverse LED efficiency size effects due to the plasma etching and improve device ***-LEDs fabricated through the STO method can be applied to micro-displays,visible light communication,and optical interconnect-based *** planar pixel geometry will provide more possibilities for the monolithic integration of driving circuits with ***,the STO method is not limited to micro-LED fabrication and can be extended to design other III-nitride devices,such as photodetectors,laser diodes,high-electron-mobility transistors

关键词： annealing protective quantum

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An on-line pulse trains analysis system of the wire-EDM process

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Journal of Materials Processing Technology 2009年第9期209卷 4417-4422页

作者： Liao, Y.S. Cheng, M.P. Liao, K.W. Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Undergraduate Honors Program National Chiao Tung University Taiwan

Ignition delay time (Td) has been widely used to distinguish the abnormal discharges from the normal ones in wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) process. In this paper an on-line analysis system for the causality of the Td data sequences was developed to evaluate the machining performance of WEDM process. The system is composed of a stand-alone Td processing circuitry and a user-friendly computer program for data analysis. The Td processing circuitry calculates and records the Td of every single electrical discharge in the first place, and then transmits the Td data via an embedded communication port to a desktop or notebook computer. The computer program, after performing the analysis tasks, will display the result in a graphic way. Two mathematical algorithms were employed for the analysis: autocorrelation function and Fourier transform. Through experiments under different working conditions, it was found that the autocorrelation function could be used to detect if arc or short circuit discharges take place consecutively, and to distinguish the WEDM process with similar Td distributions. On the other hand, the spectral analysis revealed that several factors were identified to be able to induce certain periodic patterns of Td data. These factors include the length of wire electrode, the water pressure, etc. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spectrum analysis

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Broadening participation in computing: A critical perspective

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ACM Inroads 2016年第4期7卷 49-51页

作者： Bobb, Kamau Program Officer National Science Foundation Directorate of Computer and Information Science and Engineering 4201 Wilson Boulevard ArlingtonVA22230 United States

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Sexism Identification in Tweets using BERT and XLM - Roberta 25

Sexism Identification in Tweets using BERT and XLM - Roberta

引用

25th Working Notes of the Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum, CLEF 2024

作者： Usmani, Maha Siddiqui, Rania Rizwan, Samin Khan, Faryal Alvi, Faisal Samad, Abdul Computer Science Program Dhanani School of Science and Engineering Habib University Karachi Pakistan

The rapid growth of social media platforms has led to an increase in offensive content, often targeting specific demographic groups. This paper focuses on identifying and categorizing sexism in tweets collected from various social media platforms. We address three tasks from the EXIST 2024 lab, involving the classification of tweets in English and Spanish. These tasks include binary classification for sexism identification, source intention categorization of sexist tweets, and multi-label classification for different facets of sexism. Our approach employs BERT multilingual and XLM-RoBERTa models, along with an ensemble technique to enhance prediction accuracy. We evaluate the models using both hard labels, determined by majority vote, and soft labels, based on class probabilities. © 2022 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Tweets

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Bi_2Se_3/C Nanocomposite as a New Sodium-Ion Battery Anode Material

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Nano-Micro Letters 2018年第3期10卷 135-143页

作者： Lixin Xie Ze Yang Jingying Sun Haiqing Zhou Xiaowei Chi Hailong Chen ANDy X.Li Yan Yao Shuo Chen Department of Physics and TcSUH University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston The Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Clements High School

Bi_2Se_3 was studied as a novel sodium-ion battery anode material because of its high theoretical capacity and high intrinsic conductivity. Integrated with carbon,Bi_2Se_3/C composite shows excellent cyclic performance and rate capability. For instance, the Bi_2Se_3/C anode delivers an initial capacity of 527 mAh g^(-10) at 0.1 A g^(-1) and maintains 89% of this capacity over 100 cycles. The phase change and sodium storage mechanism are also carefully investigated.

关键词： Bi2Se3 Sodium-ion battery High-energy ball milling Sodium storage mechanism

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Optimizing solar-powered multi-generation systems for sustainable energy management in university buildings using Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms

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Journal of Building engineering 2025年 108卷

作者： Assareh, Ehsanolah Izadyar, Nima Jamei, Elmira Monzavian, Mohammad amin Agarwal, Saurabh Agarwal, Neha Strategic Research Institute (SRI) Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation (APU) Technology Park Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Built Environment and Engineering Program College of Sport Health and Engineering (CoSHE) Victoria University Melbourne Australia Department of Renewable Energy Technology Materials and Energy Research Center Dezful Branch Islamic Azad University Dezful Iran Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities Victoria University Melbourne 3011 VIC Australia School of Computer Science and Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan 38541 South Korea School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan 38541 South Korea

University campuses operate like small cities, with complex energy demands driven by diverse activities, making energy management particularly challenging in extreme climates. Traditional energy systems often rely on fossil fuels, leading to inefficiencies, high costs, and increased carbon footprints. This study optimizes a solar-powered multi-generation system for a university building in the severe hot climate of Dezful, Iran, using a two-step approach. First, the Building Energy Optimization Tool (BEopt) was used to select optimal building materials, leading to a reduction in total energy demand. Then, Artificial Intelligence algorithms (Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms) were applied to enhance system performance and cost-effectiveness. The engineering Equation Solver (EES) validated the thermodynamic performance of the optimized system. This optimized system generates 49.55 GW-hours (GWh) of electricity annually, along with 19.47 GWh of heating and 13.93 GWh of cooling, producing a surplus of 34.28 GWh (69 % of total generation). Compared to the base case, electricity generation increased by over 224 %, cooling by 120 %, and heating by more than 3500 %, while CO₂ emissions decreased from 37.18 to 35.34 metric tons/year. The optimized system operates with an exergy efficiency of 23.44 % and a cost rate of 14.93 $/h. What sets this study novel is the integration of demand-side improvements with AI-enhanced multi-generation systems and thermodynamic validation, creating a practical model for achieving net-zero energy on university campuses. This methodology is scalable to more complex energy networks, including district energy systems, with future work focusing on real-time weather integration and advanced forecasting to improve adaptability and resilience. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Artificial intelligence optimization Energy efficiency Renewable energy integration Solar-powered multi-generation systems Sustainable university campuses

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An autonomous robotic system for collecting garbage over small water bodies 6

An autonomous robotic system for collecting garbage over sma...

引用

6th International Conference on Automation, Control and Robotics engineering, CACRE 2021

作者： Hasany, Syed Nouman Zaidi, Saniya Shah Sohail, Syed Ahmad Farhan, Muhammad Electrical Engineering Program Habib University Karachi Pakistan Computer Science Program Habib University Karachi Pakistan Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Habib University Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665435765

Water pollution is a grave problem requiring utmost attention as it directly affects marine lives. In freshwater ecosystem, for example, lakes and ponds, a major chunk of water garbage is plastic floating on the surface of water which is labor intensive to collect manually. In this paper, we present a novel autonomous robotic system capable of navigating small water bodies and is equipped with computer vision that helps it to detect the garbage. The detection is followed by focusing on an area of interest to determine whether the garbage lies in the scope of robot for collection. Additionally, if WiFi communication is available, the robot has the provision of tracking the detected garbage to determine its path. The design of garbage collection unit of the robot ensures the garbage does not move outward once collected. The robot is tested in two different pools and with plastic bottles as main type of garbage. The results manifest the high degree of control of its locomotion as well as of detection and collection of the bottles. The deep neural network based detector onboard the robot can be retrained after self-collection of appropriate data to detect other types of garbage as well. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Plastic bottles

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SOME EFFICIENT ALGORITHMS FOR A CLASS OF ABSTRACT OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS ARISING IN OPTIMAL CONTROL

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL 1969年第6期AC14卷 640-+页

作者： BARR, RO GILBERT, EG Department of Electrical Engineering and Systems Science Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA Computer Information and Control Engineering Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

Three abstract optimization problems are presented along with doubly iterative algorithms for their numerical solution. These algorithms are generalizations of particular algorithms described by Barr and Gilbert [19], [21] and Fujisawa and Yasuda [22]. The supporting theory is fully developed along with proofs of convergence. Practical aspects of computations are considered and procedures which insure rapid convergence are discussed. Two applications to discrete-time optimal control problems are described.

关键词： Optimal control Iterative algorithms Projection algorithms Dynamic programming Nonlinear equations Gradient methods Functional programming Boundary conditions Military computing Convergence of numerical methods

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Bayesian Parameter Estimation for Partially Observed McKean-Vlasov Diffusions Using Multilevel Markov chain Monte Carlo

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Jasra, Ajay Wu, Amin School of Data Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Shenzhen China Statistics Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

In this article we consider Bayesian estimation of static parameters for a class of partially observed McKean-Vlasov diffusion processes with discrete-time observations over a fixed time interval. This problem features several obstacles to its solution, which include that the posterior density is numerically intractable in continuous-time, even if the transition probabilities are available and even when one uses a time-discretization, the posterior still cannot be used by adopting well-known computational methods such as Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). In this paper we provide a solution to this problem by using new MCMC algorithms which can solve the aforementioned issues. This MCMC algorithm is extended to use multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) methods. We prove convergence bounds on our parameter estimators and show that the MLMC-based MCMC algorithm reduces the computational cost to achieve a mean square error versus ordinary MCMC by an order of magnitude. We numerically illustrate our results on two models. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Channel estimation

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Hybridization of colloidal handlebodies with singular defects and topological solitons in chiral liquid crystals

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Lee, Jun-Yong Kumari, Asha Yuan, Ye Tasinkevych, Mykola Smalyukh, Ivan I. International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Department of Physics and Mathematics School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent University Clifton Lane NottinghamNG11 8NS United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program and Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Topology can manifest itself in colloids when quantified by invariants like Euler characteristics of nonzero-genus colloidal surfaces, albeit spherical colloidal particles are most often studied, and colloidal particles with complex topology are rarely considered. On the other hand, singular defects and topological solitons often define the physical behavior of the molecular alignment director fields in liquid crystals. Interestingly, nematic liquid crystalline dispersions of colloidal particles allow for probing the interplay between topologies of surfaces and fields, but only a limited number of such cases have been explored so far. Here, we study the hybridization of topological solitons, singular defects, and topologically nontrivial colloidal particles with the genus of surfaces different from zero in a chiral nematic liquid crystal phase. Hybridization occurs when distortions separately induced by colloidal particles and LC solitons overlap, leading to energy minimization-driven redistribution of director field deformations and defects. As a result, hybrid director configurations emerge, combining topological features from both components. We uncover a host of director field configurations complying with topological theorems, which can be controlled by applying electric fields. Rotational and translational dynamics arise due to the nonreciprocal evolution of the director fields in response to alternating electric fields of different frequencies. These findings help define a platform for controlling topologically hyper-complex colloidal structures and dynamics with electrically reconfigurable singular defects and topological solitons induced by colloidal handlebodies. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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