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Disaster-mitigating design and practice: A student-centered program developing sustainable and earthquake-resistant designs for residential structures in developing regions

Disaster-mitigating design and practice: A student-centered ...

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114th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2007

作者： Lucko, Gunnar Tsopelas, Panagiotis Garland, Timothy Gonzalez, Rodrigo Lee, Thomas Molineaux, Justin Catholic University of America United States Construction Engineering and Management Program Department of Civil Engineering Catholic University of America United States Department of Civil Engineering Catholic University of America United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Catholic University of America United States

Earthquakes frequently strike the neediest regions of the planet with devastating consequences for their inhabitants. Impacts of such disasters extend beyond the immediate casualties, which may reach several 10,000, including the destruction of residential and commercial property and infrastructure, which severely weakens the regional economy in the longer term. Simple residential dwellings from adobe, brick, or un-reinforced concrete blocks, which are the predominant structures in significant portions of the reviewed developing regions, are frequently damaged to structural failure and collapse by earthquakes, which may obliterate entire villages and their livelihood within minutes. Designing such small residential structures to be more resistant to earthquake loads, followed by physical testing of scaled models and implementing the design concepts in an actual prototype are the objectives of the program development for a two-semester course sequence that is currently being undertaken by the authors. This program began when guest presentations by Peace Corps alumni and the founder of Engineers Without Borders caused the students and their faculty mentors to realize that the traditional course of study in civil engineering did not sufficiently prepare them for addressing engineering problems within a global context. Since then, an introductory course on sustainability has been added to the curriculum and the students have founded a student chapter that has begun to participate in organizing the outreach to a partner community in a developing region. In a new course sequence on disaster-mitigating design and practice, the undergraduate civil engineering and architecture students are working together in entrepreneurially oriented teams. Faculty members and representatives from industry and from foreign aid organizations are collaborating in guiding the courses. The course activities address several accreditation outcomes, have been structured to expose students to all

关键词： Disasters

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City traffic simulator using geographical information systems and agent-based simulation

City traffic simulator using geographical information system...

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3rd IET International Conference on Intelligent Environments, IE'07

作者： Zhang, Haiyi Farias, Oscar L. M. De Jodrey School of Computer Science Acadia University Wolfville NC Canada 2 Post-Graduation Program in Computer Engineering Rio de Janeiro State University Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 bloco D sala 5028 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780863418532

In this paper we explore the integration among Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Agent Based Simulation Tools. An Agent-Based Geographical Information System (ABGIS) could be characterized as a kind of system integrating features commonly found in Geographical Information System with the features of Agent-Based Simulation Tools. ABGIS would give to scientists and researches, not necessarily computer experts, access to powerful simulation tools and an environment that is an excellent metaphor to represent our spatio-temporal world. With ABGIS we could explore the dynamics of spatiotemporal systems, and particularly but not exclusively, complex systems.

关键词： Information systems

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The Women in science and engineering (WiSE) program at the University of Southern California: Achievements and challenges of the first five years

The Women in Science and Engineering (WiSE) program at the U...

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114th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2007

作者： Hawkes, Nicole Morrison, Jean Raghavendra, Cauligi WiSE University of Southern California United States University of Southern California United States Program University of Southern California United States Department of Earth Sciences Program USC Viterbi School of Engineering United States Departments of Electrical Engineering-Systems and Computer Science University of Southern California United States

The establishment of the Women in science and engineering (WiSE) program represents the serious commitment of the University of Southern California to address the under-representation of women in science and engineering. Since the launch of the program in 2000, WiSE has helped to more than double the number of tenured and tenure-track women faculty at USC from 15 to 35, through its recruitment and retention programs. Its complimentary programs to support undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral scholars through a range of financial awards and activities have also grown in scope and impact. This paper describes the programs developed and administered by WiSE, the perceived successes to date, the challenges that remain, and the future directions of the program to ensure continued progress toward gender equity in science and engineering at USC. Through an analysis of the WiSE program at USC, we hope to present a model from which others can draw on to tackle the same issues at their own institutions. © American Society for engineering Education, 2007.

关键词： engineering education

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Optimum sensor position for inverse load recovery on a composite plate

Optimum sensor position for inverse load recovery on a compo...

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1st International Conference on Advances and Trends in engineering Materials and their Applications, AES-ATEMA'2007

作者： Coates, Cameron W. Hashemi, Ray R. Daniell, Darryl W. Engineering Studies Program Armstrong Atlantic State University Savannah GA 31419 United States Dept. of Computer Science Armstrong Atlantic State University Savannah GA 31419 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0978047907

An inverse method using strain values obtained at finite locations is used to predict coefficients of an unknown continuous static load function applied to a composite sandwich plate. The strain values obtained from a Finite Element Model (FEM) are used to simulate strain sensor readings. A Back-Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) is developed in order to predict optimum strain sensor locations necessary for accurate load function coefficient recovery using the inverse method. Coefficient values output from the inverse method, as well as material, and geometrical properties are used as input into the BPNN. The BPNN utilizes a back propagation algorithm that incorporates a linear transfer function. The BPNN developed predicts locations for sensor placement such that load function coefficients are recovered by the inverse method with good accuracy. © AES-Advanced engineering Solutions.

关键词： Neural networks

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Evolving hypernetwork classifiers for microRNA expression profile analysis

Evolving hypernetwork classifiers for microRNA expression pr...

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2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2007

作者： Kim, Sun Kim, Soo-Jin Zhang, Byoung-Tak Center for Bioinformatics Technology Graduate Program in Bioinformatics Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Korea Republic of School of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)1424413400

High-throughput microarrays inform us on different outlooks of the molecular mechanisms underlying the function of cells and organisms. While computational analysis for the microarrays show good performance, it is still difficult to infer modules of multiple co-regulated genes. Here, we present a novel classification method to identify the gene modules associated with cancers from microarray data. The proposed approach is based on 'hypernetworks', a hypergraph model consisting of vertices and weighted hyperedges. The hypernetwork model is inspired by biological networks and its learning process is suitable for identifying interacting gene modules. Applied to the analysis of microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles on multiple human cancers, the hypernetwork classifiers identified cancer-related miRNA modules. The results show that our method performs better than decision trees and naive Bayes. The biological meaning of the discovered miRNA modules has been examined by literature search. © 2007 IEEE.

关键词： Microarrays

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Induced Semantics for Undirected Graphs: Another Look at the Hammersley‐Clifford Theorem

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2007年第1期954卷 125-132页

作者： Timothy D. Sears Peter Sunehag aCollege of Engineering and Computer Science The Australian National University Canberra Australia bStatistical Machine Learning Program NICTA Canberra Australia

The Hammersley‐Clifford (H‐C) theorem relates the factorization properties of a probability distribution to the clique structure of an undirected graph. If a density factorizes according to the clique structure of an undirected graph, the theorem guarantees that the distribution satisfies the Markov property and vice versa. We show how to generalize the H‐C theorem to different notions of decomposability and the corresponding generalized‐Markov property. Finally we discuss how our technique might be used to arrive at other generalizations of the H‐C theorem, inducing a graph semantics adapted to the modeling problem.

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An effective snippet generation method using the pseudo relevance feedback technique

An effective snippet generation method using the pseudo rele...

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30th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR'07

作者： Ko, Youngjoong An, Hongkuk Seo, Jungyun Dept. of Computer Engineering Dong-A University 840 Hadan 2-dong Saha-gu Busan 604-714 Korea Republic of Computer Science and Program of Integrated Biotechnology Sogang Univ. Sinsu-dong Mapo-gu Seoul 121-742 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)1595935975

A (page or web) snippet is document excerpts allowing a user to understand if a document is indeed relevant without accessing it. This paper proposes an effective snippet generation method. The pseudo relevance feedback technique and text summarization techniques are applied to salient sentences extraction for generating good quality snippets. In the experimental results, the proposed method showed much better performance than other methods including Google and Naver.

关键词： Information retrieval systems

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Speech Act Classification Based on Individual Statistical Models in a Multi-Domain

Speech Act Classification Based on Individual Statistical Mo...

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IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (ROMAN)

作者： Sangwoo kang Donghyun Kim Harksoo Kim Jungyun Seo Department of Computer Science Sogang University South Korea Program of Computer & Communications Engineering Kangwon National University South Korea Department of Computer Science & Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated BioTechnology Sogang University South Korea

Speech act classification is an essential part of a dialogue system because it is very important to catch user's intention. The previous approaches on speech act classification were focused on obtaining high performances in a single-domain, but they did not deal with a feature interference problem that frequently rises in a multi-domain. In this paper, we propose a two-step system for speech act classification in a multi-domain. In a first step, the proposed system detects a dialogue domain associated with user's utterance. In the second step, the proposed system determines the speech act of his/her utterance based on the statistical information of the detected domain. Owing to this architecture, the proposed system show ed higher precision of 5.5% than the baseline system based on the mixed statistical information.

关键词： Speech processing Electronic mail Statistical analysis computer science Interference Feature extraction Human robot interaction Biotechnology Entropy Hidden Markov models

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Logic as energy: A SAT-based approach

Logic as energy: A SAT-based approach

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2nd International Symposium on Brain, Vision, and Artificial Intelligence, BVAI 2007

作者： Lima, Priscila M. V. Morveli-Espinoza, M. Mariela M. França, Felipe M. G. LAM - Computer Architecture and Microelectronics Laboratory Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro Brazil Departament d'Informàtica Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Spain COPPE - Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)3540755543

This paper presents the implementation of ARQ-PROP II, a limited-depth propositional reasoner, via the compilation of its specification into an exact formulation using the satyrus platform. satyrus' compiler takes as input the definition of a problem as a set of pseudo-Boolean constraints and produces, as output, the Energy function of a higher-order artificial neural network. This way, satisfiability of a formula can be associated to global optima. In the case of ARQ-PROP II, global optima is associated to Resolution-based refutation, in such a way that allows for simplified abduction and prediction to be unified with deduction. Besides experimental results on deduction with ARQ-PROP II, this work also corrects the mapping of satisfiability into Energy minima originally proposed by Gadi Pinkas. © 2007 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Neural networks

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Decision fusion of circulating markers for breast cancer detection in premenopausal women

Decision fusion of circulating markers for breast cancer det...

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7th IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering, BIBE

作者： Jesneck, Jonathan L. Mukherjee, Sayan Nolte, Loren W. Lokshin, Anna E. Marks, Jeffrey R. Lo, Joseph Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Statistical Science Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Program Duke Advanced Imaging Labs. Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy Department of Computer Science Duke University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Division of Hematology/Oncology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States Department of Experimental Surgery Duke University Medical Center Medical Physics Graduate Program Duke University Durham NC 27708 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424415098

Current mammographic screeningfor breast cancer is less effective for younger women. To complement mammography for premenopausal women, we investigated the feasibility screening test using 98 blood serum proteins. Because the data set was very noisy and contained only weak features, we used a classifier designed for noisy data: decision fusion. Decision fusion outperformed both a support vector machine (SVM) and linear regression with forward stepwise feature selection on all three two-class classification tasks: normal tissue vs. cancer, normal tissue vs. benign lesions, and benign lesions vs. cancer. Decision fusion detected cancer moderately well (AUC=0.84 on normal vs. cancer), demonstrating promise as a screening tool. Decision fusion also detected benign lesions similarly well (AUC=0.83 on normal vs. benign lesions) and was the only classifier to achieve any success in separating benign from malignant lesions (AUC=0.64 on benign vs. cancer). The classification results suggest that the assayed proteins are more indicative of a secondary effect, such as immune response, rather than specific for breast cancer. In conclusion, the decision fusion classifier demonstrated some promise in detecting breast lesions and outperformed other classifiers, especially for the very noisy classification problem of distinguishing benign from malignant lesions. ©2007 IEEE.

关键词： Tissue

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