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FedLRes: enhancing lung cancer detection using federated learning with convolution neural network (ResNet50)

Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第14期37卷 8273-8284页

作者： Usharani, C. Selvapandian, A. Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Ramco Institute of Technology Rajapalayam India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Gnanamani College of Technology Namakkal India

Lung cancer remains a leading global cause of mortality, necessitating efficient early detection. Lung cancer image analysis plays a pivotal role, yet current manual segmentation by oncologists is laborious. Our innovative (FedLRes) approach proposes a comprehensive system for automated diagnoses of lung cancer using federated learning with ResNet50. The lung cancer dataset from the Iraq-Oncology Teaching Hospital/National Centre for Cancer Diseases was gathered by the IQ-OTH/NCCD. The dataset consists of 1097 images, split into training (822 images) and validation (275 images) sets. The training set includes 312 normal, 420 malignant, and 90 benign cases. The training set's data are further enhanced by using data augmentation techniques, which are then applied to normalise images differences before being fed into the federated learning with ResNet50 architecture. This approach combines deep learning models trained on different datasets allowing for improvising accuracy and generalisation. The federated learning approach enables the use of distributed data while ensuring data privacy and security. The proposed approach compared with different state of art algorithms. Through rigorous experimentation, our system showcases remarkable advancements a classification accuracy of 99.40%. This innovative approach, utilising 3D input CT scan data, offers a potent and precise tool for early detection and effective treatment strategies against the scourge of lung cancer. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Lung cancer

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DeepFakeGuard: Safeguarding Digital Platforms Against Fake Profiles Using AI 4

DeepFakeGuard: Safeguarding Digital Platforms Against Fake P...

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4th International Conference on Sentiment Analysis and Deep Learning, ICSADL 2025

作者： Swarna Sudha, M. Manjula, S. Bharathi, Indira Krishnasamy, Valarmathi Vijayalakshmi, K. Ramco Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rajapalayam India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India PSR Engineering College Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sivakasi India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523923

This research introduces DeepFakeGuard, a hybrid deep learning framework designed to detect fake profiles on social media platforms, addressing the growing threat of fraudulent accounts online. DeepFakeGuard integrates multiple data modalities, including textual, visual, behavioral, and network features, to accurately classify profiles as real or fake. Leveraging advanced deep learning models such as BERT for textual analysis, ResNet for image processing, and LSTM for modeling behavioral patterns, DeepFakeGuard provides a comprehensive and robust solution for identifying fake profiles across diverse platforms. The framework processes a rich set of profile characteristics, including account information, posting behavior, post sentiment, and network relationships, ensuring a multi-dimensional analysis of social media accounts. The hybrid architecture of DeepFakeGuard merges outputs from individual sub-models, which are then processed through dense layers for final classification using a sigmoid activation function. This multi-faceted approach significantly enhances detection accuracy, precision, and recall compared to traditional methods. The framework is highly scalable and adaptable to various social media platforms, offering a versatile tool for strengthening online security. With strong performance metrics, including high classification accuracy, DeepFakeGuard demonstrates its potential for real-world applications in mitigating the risks associated with fake profiles. By fostering secure and trustworthy social media environments, this research contributes to the ongoing fight against fraudulent accounts, paving the way for safer online interactions. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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MLRT-UNet:An Efficient Multi-Level Relation Transformer Based U-Net for Thyroid Nodule Segmentation

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2025年第4期143卷 413-448页

作者： Kaku Haribabu Prasath R Praveen Joe IR Department of Computer Science and Engineering RMK College of Engineering and TechnologyTiruvallur601206India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127India

Thyroid nodules,a common disorder in the endocrine system,require accurate segmentation in ultrasound images for effective diagnosis and ***,achieving precise segmentation remains a challenge due to various factors,including scattering noise,low contrast,and limited resolution in ultrasound *** existing segmentation models have made progress,they still suffer from several limitations,such as high error rates,low generalizability,overfitting,limited feature learning capability,*** address these challenges,this paper proposes a Multi-level Relation Transformer-based U-Net(MLRT-UNet)to improve thyroid nodule *** MLRTUNet leverages a novel Relation Transformer,which processes images at multiple scales,overcoming the limitations of traditional encoding *** transformer integrates both local and global features effectively through selfattention and cross-attention units,capturing intricate relationships within the *** approach also introduces a Co-operative Transformer Fusion(CTF)module to combine multi-scale features from different encoding layers,enhancing the model’s ability to capture complex patterns in the ***,the Relation Transformer block enhances long-distance dependencies during the decoding process,improving segmentation *** results showthat the MLRT-UNet achieves high segmentation accuracy,reaching 98.2% on the Digital Database Thyroid Image(DDT)dataset,97.8% on the Thyroid Nodule 3493(TG3K)dataset,and 98.2% on the Thyroid Nodule3K(TN3K)*** findings demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances the accuracy of thyroid nodule segmentation,addressing the limitations of existing models.

关键词： Thyroid nodules endocrine system multi-level relation transformer U-Net self-attention external attention co-operative transformer fusion thyroid nodules segmentation

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DeepGAN: Utilizing generative adversarial networks for improved deep learning

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International Journal of Knowledge-Based and Intelligent engineering Systems 2024年第4期28卷 732-748页

作者： V, Edward Naveen A, Jenefa T.M, Thiyagu A, Lincy Taurshia, Antony Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences India Division of Computer Science and Engineering Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Engineering College India

In the realm of deep learning, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have emerged as a topic of significant interest for their potential to enhance model performance and enable effective data augmentation. This paper addresses the existing challenges in synthesizing high-quality data and harnessing the capabilities of GANs for improved deep learning outcomes. Unlike traditional approaches that heavily rely on manually engineered data augmentation techniques, our work introduces a novel framework that leverages DeepGANs to autonomously generate diverse and high-fidelity data. Our experiments encompass a diverse spectrum of datasets, including images, text, and time series data. In the context of image classification tasks, we conduct experiments on the widely recognized CIFAR-10 dataset, which consists of 50,000 image samples. Our results demonstrate the remarkable efficacy of DeepGANs in enhancing model performance across various data domains. Notably, in image classification using the CIFAR-10 dataset, our innovative approach achieves an impressive accuracy of 97.2%. This represents a substantial advancement beyond conventional CNN models, underscoring the profound impact of DeepGANs in the realm of deep learning. In summary, this research sheds light on DeepGANs as a fundamental component in the pursuit of enhanced deep learning performance. Our framework not only overcomes existing limitations but also heralds a new era of data augmentation, with generative adversarial networks leading the way. The attainment of an accuracy rate of 97.2% on CIFAR-10 serves as a compelling testament to the transformative potential of DeepGANs, solidifying their pivotal role in the future of deep learning. This promises the development of more robust, adaptive, and accurate models across a myriad of applications, marking a significant contribution to the field. © 2024 – IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Using DTL-MD with GANs and ResNet for Malicious Code Detection

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第14期49卷 63-78页

作者： Li, Yiming Xie, Tao Mei, Dongdong Department of Computer Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Ningxia Institute of Science and Technology Shizuishan753000 China

This study proposes a malicious code detection model DTL-MD based on deep transfer learning, which aims to improve the detection accuracy of existing methods in complex malicious code and data scarcity. In the feature extraction process, the weighted sum method of GIST and LBP features is used to combine the advantages of the two features. Online transfer learning is used to reduce the data distribution difference between the target domain and the source domain. The model uses ResNet50V2 as the backbone network and combines SimAM to enhance the feature extraction and representation capabilities. In addition, in order to further improve the robustness of detection, GAN is used to generate malicious code variants and expand the training data set. In the experiment, the public CICIDS 2017 data set is used for model training and testing. The performance test results show that when the threshold is 0.7, the accuracy of DTL-MD is 95.8% and the F1 score is 0.93. In a performance test involving 30,000 samples, the throughput of the DTL-MD model under Trojans, viruses, worms, and adware is 11, 12, 11, and 12 tasks/s, respectively, and the inference time is 211, 225, 239, and 234 samples/s, respectively. Compared with GAN, DTL-MD increases the throughput by about 10% and the inference speed by about 15%. The research aims to provide new ideas for improving the intelligence and automation level of malicious code detection technology, which has certain application value and practical significance. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Feature Selection

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Hybrid concurrency control protocol for data sharing among heterogeneous blockchains

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Frontiers of computer science 2024年第3期18卷 1-12页

作者： Tiezheng GUO Zhiwei ZHANG Ye YUAN Xiaochun YANG Guoren WANG School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100029China School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110167China

With the development of information technology and cloud computing,data sharing has become an important part of scientific *** traditional data sharing,data is stored on a third-party storage platform,which causes the owner to lose control of the *** a result,there are issues of intentional data leakage and tampering by third parties,and the private information contained in the data may lead to more significant ***,data is frequently maintained on multiple storage platforms,posing significant hurdles in terms of enlisting multiple parties to engage in data sharing while maintaining *** this work,we propose a new architecture for applying blockchains to data sharing and achieve efficient and reliable data sharing among heterogeneous *** design a new data sharing transaction mechanism based on the system architecture to protect the security of the raw data and the processing *** also design and implement a hybrid concurrency control protocol to overcome issues caused by the large differences in blockchain performance in our system and to improve the success rate of data sharing *** took Ethereum and Hyperledger Fabric as examples to conduct crossblockchain data sharing *** results show that our system achieves data sharing across heterogeneous blockchains with reasonable performance and has high scalability.

关键词： data sharing blockchain concurrency control protocol crosschain

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An Integrated Framework with Enhanced Primitives for Post-Quantum Cryptography: HEDT and ECSIDH for Cloud Data Security and Key Exchange

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第11期49卷 165-176页

作者： Ilias, Shaik Mohammad Sharmila, V. Ceronmani Durga, V. Sathya Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India Department of Information Technology Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India Department of Computer Science&Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India

If adversaries were to obtain quantum computers in the future, their massive computing power would likely break existing security schemes. Since security is a continuous process, more substantial security schemes must be developed. Current PQC schemes primarily focus on data security or key exchange, and further improvement towards enhanced PQC primitives is required. Our proposal in this research is an innovative paradigm for PQC-focused cloud data security. The proposed HEDT approach achieves encryption and decryption with significantly lower latency (20% improvement) and higher reliability than AES, DES, and RSA, as demonstrated through experimental results. Furthermore, ECSIDH, a hybrid key exchange mechanism combining SIDH and ECDH, improves security strength by 50% while maintaining computational costs within 1.13x of SIDH. Compared to individual key exchange schemes like SIDH, ECSIDH offers superior security as a PQC candidate. These results confirm the robustness and efficiency of the proposed framework in ensuring secure data outsourcing and key exchange in cloud environments. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Real-time earthquake magnitude prediction using designed machine learning ensemble trained on real and CTGAN generated synthetic data

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2025年第3期16卷 350-368页

作者： Joshi, Anushka Raman, Balasubramanian Mohan, C. Krishna Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Roorkee India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Telangana Hyderabad India

The earthquake early warning (EEW) system provides advance notice of potentially damaging ground shaking. In EEW, early estimation of magnitude is crucial for timely rescue operations. A set of thirty-four features is extracted using the primary wave earthquake precursor signal and site-specific information. In Japan's earthquake magnitude dataset, there is a chance of a high imbalance concerning the earthquakes above strong impact. This imbalance causes a high prediction error while training advanced machine learning or deep learning models. In this work, Conditional Tabular Generative Adversarial Networks (CTGAN), a deep machine learning tool, is utilized to learn the characteristics of the first arrival of earthquake P-waves and generate a synthetic dataset based on this information. The result obtained using actual and mixed (synthetic and actual) datasets will be used for training the stacked ensemble magnitude prediction model, MagPred, designed specifically for this study. There are 13295, 3989, and 1710 records designated for training, testing, and validation. The mean absolute error of the test dataset for single station magnitude detection using early three, four, and five seconds of P wave are 0.41, 0.40, and 0.38 MJMA. The study demonstrates that the Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can provide a good result for single-station magnitude prediction. The study can be effective where less seismic data is available. The study shows that the machine learning method yields better magnitude detection results compared with the several regression models. The multi-station magnitude prediction study has been conducted on prominent Osaka, Off Fukushima, and Kumamoto earthquakes. Furthermore, to validate the performance of the model, an inter-region study has been performed on the earthquakes of the India or Nepal region. The study demonstrates that GANs can discover effective magnitude estimation compared with non-GAN-based methods. This has a high potential

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Beyond chat-GPT: a BERT-AO approach to custom question answering system

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第13期84卷 12513-12530页

作者： Sophia, J. Jinu Jacob, T. Prem Computer Science and Engineering Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India

This work introduces a novel Custom Question Answering (CQA) model leveraging Adam optimized Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT-AO). This model tackles the challenge of combining textual and visual information for accurate question answering. The core concept lies in understanding the intricate relationships between words in text and the visual features within images. The proposed CQA model with BERT-AO incorporates separate branches for processing text (BERT-AO) and images (CNN), both utilizing self-attention mechanisms. This enables a deeper understanding of context within both textual and visual data. Training is conducted on a comprehensive dataset encompassing factual, open-ended questions, answers, and images, providing a strong foundation for the model’s learning process. The performance of the proposed CQA Model with BERT-AO attains 20.46%, 36.86%, 43.98%, 19.97%, and 17.604% higher accuracy and 27.42%, 41.56%, 42.78%, 18.72% and 16.15% higher F-Score value compared with existing methods like Enhancing Bridge Inspection Visual Question Answering via Pre-Training with External Image-Text Data (VLP), LOIS: Exploring Instance Semantics for Visual Question Answering (LOIS), Bidirectional Multimodal Attention Networks for Visual Question Answering (BiGAN), A Pairwise Attention Framework with Word and Sentence Embedding for Visual Question Answering (DALNet-WSE) and Enhanced GNN Focused Attention and Hybridized Optimization Approach for Visual Inquiry Resolution (GNN-SA-MRFO) respectively. This highlights its effectiveness in combining textual and visual information for superior question answering capabilities. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Semantics

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DNACDS:Cloud IoE big data security and accessing scheme based on DNA cryptography

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Frontiers of computer science 2024年第1期18卷 157-170页

作者： Ashish SINGH Abhinav KUMAR Suyel NAMASUDRA School of Computer Engineering KIIT Deemed to be UniversityBhubaneshwar 751024India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology SuratSurat 394190India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology AgartalaAgartala 799046India

The Internet of Everything(IoE)based cloud computing is one of the most prominent areas in the digital big data *** approach allows efficient infrastructure to store and access big real-time data and smart IoE services from the *** IoE-based cloud computing services are located at remote locations without the control of the data *** data owners mostly depend on the untrusted Cloud Service Provider(CSP)and do not know the implemented security *** lack of knowledge about security capabilities and control over data raises several security *** Acid(DNA)computing is a biological concept that can improve the security of IoE big *** IoE big data security scheme consists of the Station-to-Station Key Agreement Protocol(StS KAP)and Feistel cipher *** paper proposed a DNA-based cryptographic scheme and access control model(DNACDS)to solve IoE big data security and access *** experimental results illustrated that DNACDS performs better than other DNA-based security *** theoretical security analysis of the DNACDS shows better resistance capabilities.

关键词： IoE based cloud computing DNA cryptography IoE big data security StS KAP feistel cipher IoE big data access

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