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PriChain: Efficient Privacy-Preserving Fine-Grained Redactable Blockchains in Decentralized Settings

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2025年第1期34卷 82-97页

作者： Hongchen Guo Weilin Gan Mingyang Zhao Chuan Zhang Tong Wu Liehuang Zhu Jingfeng Xue School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology School of Cyberspace Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

Recently, redactable blockchain has been proposed and leveraged in a wide range of real systems for its unique properties of decentralization, traceability, and transparency while ensuring controllable on-chain data redaction. However, the development of redactable blockchain is now obstructed by three limitations, which are data privacy breaches, high communication overhead, and low searching efficiency, respectively. In this paper, we propose PriChain, the first efficient privacy-preserving fine-grained redactable blockchain in decentralized settings. PriChain provides data owners with rights to control who can read and redact on-chain data while maintaining downward compatibility, ensuring the one who can redact will be able to read. Specifically, inspired by the concept of multi-authority attribute-based encryption, we utilize the isomorphism of the access control tree, realizing fine-grained redaction mechanism, downward compatibility, and collusion resistance. With the newly designed structure, PriChain can realize O（n） communication and storage overhead compared to prior O（n2） schemes. Furthermore, we integrate multiple access trees into a tree-based dictionary, optimizing searching efficiency. Theoretical analysis proves that PriChain is secure against the chosen-plaintext attack and has competitive complexity. The experimental evaluations show that PriChain realizes 10× efficiency improvement of searching and 100× lower communication and storage overhead on average compared with existing schemes.

关键词： Resistance Access control Data privacy Dictionaries Blockchains Encryption Complexity theory Usability Protection

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Detection of DDoS Attacks in Fog Computing using Interpretable Quantum-based 2Q Learning Approach 3

Detection of DDoS Attacks in Fog Computing using Interpretab...

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent and Innovative Technologies in Computing, Electrical and Electronics, IITCEE 2025

作者： Sohan Jayram Reddy, K. Bhargavi, K. Siddaganga Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Karnataka Tumakuru India

ISBN: (数字)9798331515911

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515911

It is seen that there is a rapid increase in Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and fog computing has emerged as an efficient and viable solution to reduce latency by performing computations closer to the edge. However, this nature of fog computing makes it vulnerable to Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, which can disrupt services. DDoS causes major impact over the fog performance which include resource saturation, increased latency, reduced resource availability, decrease in processing capacity of the fog nodes, and many more. There have been various works proposed to detect DDoS attacks in fog computing, but they lack scalability and have high response times. In this paper, a novel Quantum-based-2QLearning (Q2QL) framework is designed to efficiently detect and mitigate DDoS attacks in fog computing. This framework using quantum-enhanced reinforcement learning reduces overestimation bias and improve speed of convergence. Q2QL framework also achieves high detection accuracy and reduces response time. The results show that the proposed framework performs well across critical metrics, including latency, attack detection time, and overall system performance. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Fog computing

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Open-Source Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Survey 2

Open-Source Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Survey

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2nd International Conference on Machine Learning and Autonomous Systems, ICMLAS 2025

作者： Sahana Lokesh, R. Siddaganga Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Karnataka Tumakuru India

ISBN: (数字)9798331505745

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505745

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as strategic in the promotion of natural language processing (NLP) to the extent of having machines translate languages as well as making logical deductions. The role of the open-source team in advancing this progress is that LLMs are now available for development and research. This paper offers an elaborate literature review on some of the most widely used open-source LLMs and their architecture, training approach, and evaluation results. Certainly, the mathematical aspects behind these models are explored, the comparison of the models is given and the problems and perspectives of development of the models are described. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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VORONOI-KHHS approach coupled with EESC protocol for energy-efficient deployment and secure communication in WSNS

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International Journal of Information technology (Singapore) 2025年 1-12页

作者： Gayathri, R. Shreenath, K.N. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Siddaganga Institute of Technology Tumkur Visvesvaraya Technological University Belagavi 590018 India

This research introduces a novel protocol to address the critical challenges of coverage, connectivity, and security in large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The proposed protocol optimizes energy management, ensuring robust coverage, seamless connectivity, and secure data transmission. Initially, a distributed approach combining the Voronoi Diagram with Krill Herd and Harmony Search (KHHS) maximizes the coverage of a region of interest. The Voronoi diagram divides the region into cells, generating initial solutions for the positions of deployed IoT objects. Harmony Search is then utilized to mutate among krill during the update process, enhancing solution quality. The KHHS leverages previous information efficiently to produce superior solutions, allowing for decentralized decision-making suitable for autonomous node operations in WSNs. The protocol further employs an Energy Efficient Signcrypted Clustering (EESC) method to prolong network lifetime by managing energy consumption effectively. This involves organizing sensor nodes into clusters with cluster head selected based on an Improved Grey Wolf Optimization (IGWO) algorithm, Cluster heads strike a compromise between energy efficiency and connectivity by rotating CHs and collecting data from member nodes, reducing node depletion and ensuring multihop connection. Modified Tug of War Optimization balances the load for efficient data transmission, while lightweight encryption provides secure data exchange. The proposed model's performance is evaluated against existing techniques, demonstrating superior results in PDR (97%), end-to-end delay (75 ms), energy consumption (0.7 kJ), residual energy (30%), and minimal energy efficiency (90% with 0.1 kJ/ bits). These results highlight the protocol's effectiveness in maintaining high throughput, adapting to dynamic network changes, and ensuring secure and efficient network operation. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's institute of computer Applications and Management 2025.

关键词： And modified tug of war optimization Energy efficient Signcrypted clustering Improved grey wolf optimization Krill Herd and harmony search Voronoi diagram Wireless sensor networks

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MLRT-UNet:An Efficient Multi-Level Relation Transformer Based U-Net for Thyroid Nodule Segmentation

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2025年第4期143卷 413-448页

作者： Kaku Haribabu Prasath R Praveen Joe IR Department of Computer Science and Engineering RMK College of Engineering and TechnologyTiruvallur601206India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127India

Thyroid nodules,a common disorder in the endocrine system,require accurate segmentation in ultrasound images for effective diagnosis and ***,achieving precise segmentation remains a challenge due to various factors,including scattering noise,low contrast,and limited resolution in ultrasound *** existing segmentation models have made progress,they still suffer from several limitations,such as high error rates,low generalizability,overfitting,limited feature learning capability,*** address these challenges,this paper proposes a Multi-level Relation Transformer-based U-Net(MLRT-UNet)to improve thyroid nodule *** MLRTUNet leverages a novel Relation Transformer,which processes images at multiple scales,overcoming the limitations of traditional encoding *** transformer integrates both local and global features effectively through selfattention and cross-attention units,capturing intricate relationships within the *** approach also introduces a Co-operative Transformer Fusion(CTF)module to combine multi-scale features from different encoding layers,enhancing the model’s ability to capture complex patterns in the ***,the Relation Transformer block enhances long-distance dependencies during the decoding process,improving segmentation *** results showthat the MLRT-UNet achieves high segmentation accuracy,reaching 98.2% on the Digital Database Thyroid Image(DDT)dataset,97.8% on the Thyroid Nodule 3493(TG3K)dataset,and 98.2% on the Thyroid Nodule3K(TN3K)*** findings demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances the accuracy of thyroid nodule segmentation,addressing the limitations of existing models.

关键词： Thyroid nodules endocrine system multi-level relation transformer U-Net self-attention external attention co-operative transformer fusion thyroid nodules segmentation

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Using DTL-MD with GANs and ResNet for Malicious Code Detection

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第14期49卷 63-78页

作者： Li, Yiming Xie, Tao Mei, Dongdong Department of Computer Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Ningxia Institute of Science and Technology Shizuishan753000 China

This study proposes a malicious code detection model DTL-MD based on deep transfer learning, which aims to improve the detection accuracy of existing methods in complex malicious code and data scarcity. In the feature extraction process, the weighted sum method of GIST and LBP features is used to combine the advantages of the two features. Online transfer learning is used to reduce the data distribution difference between the target domain and the source domain. The model uses ResNet50V2 as the backbone network and combines SimAM to enhance the feature extraction and representation capabilities. In addition, in order to further improve the robustness of detection, GAN is used to generate malicious code variants and expand the training data set. In the experiment, the public CICIDS 2017 data set is used for model training and testing. The performance test results show that when the threshold is 0.7, the accuracy of DTL-MD is 95.8% and the F1 score is 0.93. In a performance test involving 30,000 samples, the throughput of the DTL-MD model under Trojans, viruses, worms, and adware is 11, 12, 11, and 12 tasks/s, respectively, and the inference time is 211, 225, 239, and 234 samples/s, respectively. Compared with GAN, DTL-MD increases the throughput by about 10% and the inference speed by about 15%. The research aims to provide new ideas for improving the intelligence and automation level of malicious code detection technology, which has certain application value and practical significance. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Feature Selection

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An Integrated Framework with Enhanced Primitives for Post-Quantum Cryptography: HEDT and ECSIDH for Cloud Data Security and Key Exchange

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第11期49卷 165-176页

作者： Ilias, Shaik Mohammad Sharmila, V. Ceronmani Durga, V. Sathya Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India Department of Information Technology Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India Department of Computer Science&Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India

If adversaries were to obtain quantum computers in the future, their massive computing power would likely break existing security schemes. Since security is a continuous process, more substantial security schemes must be developed. Current PQC schemes primarily focus on data security or key exchange, and further improvement towards enhanced PQC primitives is required. Our proposal in this research is an innovative paradigm for PQC-focused cloud data security. The proposed HEDT approach achieves encryption and decryption with significantly lower latency (20% improvement) and higher reliability than AES, DES, and RSA, as demonstrated through experimental results. Furthermore, ECSIDH, a hybrid key exchange mechanism combining SIDH and ECDH, improves security strength by 50% while maintaining computational costs within 1.13x of SIDH. Compared to individual key exchange schemes like SIDH, ECSIDH offers superior security as a PQC candidate. These results confirm the robustness and efficiency of the proposed framework in ensuring secure data outsourcing and key exchange in cloud environments. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Real-time earthquake magnitude prediction using designed machine learning ensemble trained on real and CTGAN generated synthetic data

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2025年第3期16卷 350-368页

作者： Joshi, Anushka Raman, Balasubramanian Mohan, C. Krishna Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Roorkee India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Telangana Hyderabad India

The earthquake early warning (EEW) system provides advance notice of potentially damaging ground shaking. In EEW, early estimation of magnitude is crucial for timely rescue operations. A set of thirty-four features is extracted using the primary wave earthquake precursor signal and site-specific information. In Japan's earthquake magnitude dataset, there is a chance of a high imbalance concerning the earthquakes above strong impact. This imbalance causes a high prediction error while training advanced machine learning or deep learning models. In this work, Conditional Tabular Generative Adversarial Networks (CTGAN), a deep machine learning tool, is utilized to learn the characteristics of the first arrival of earthquake P-waves and generate a synthetic dataset based on this information. The result obtained using actual and mixed (synthetic and actual) datasets will be used for training the stacked ensemble magnitude prediction model, MagPred, designed specifically for this study. There are 13295, 3989, and 1710 records designated for training, testing, and validation. The mean absolute error of the test dataset for single station magnitude detection using early three, four, and five seconds of P wave are 0.41, 0.40, and 0.38 MJMA. The study demonstrates that the Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can provide a good result for single-station magnitude prediction. The study can be effective where less seismic data is available. The study shows that the machine learning method yields better magnitude detection results compared with the several regression models. The multi-station magnitude prediction study has been conducted on prominent Osaka, Off Fukushima, and Kumamoto earthquakes. Furthermore, to validate the performance of the model, an inter-region study has been performed on the earthquakes of the India or Nepal region. The study demonstrates that GANs can discover effective magnitude estimation compared with non-GAN-based methods. This has a high potential

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Beyond chat-GPT: a BERT-AO approach to custom question answering system

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第13期84卷 12513-12530页

作者： Sophia, J. Jinu Jacob, T. Prem Computer Science and Engineering Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India

This work introduces a novel Custom Question Answering (CQA) model leveraging Adam optimized Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT-AO). This model tackles the challenge of combining textual and visual information for accurate question answering. The core concept lies in understanding the intricate relationships between words in text and the visual features within images. The proposed CQA model with BERT-AO incorporates separate branches for processing text (BERT-AO) and images (CNN), both utilizing self-attention mechanisms. This enables a deeper understanding of context within both textual and visual data. Training is conducted on a comprehensive dataset encompassing factual, open-ended questions, answers, and images, providing a strong foundation for the model’s learning process. The performance of the proposed CQA Model with BERT-AO attains 20.46%, 36.86%, 43.98%, 19.97%, and 17.604% higher accuracy and 27.42%, 41.56%, 42.78%, 18.72% and 16.15% higher F-Score value compared with existing methods like Enhancing Bridge Inspection Visual Question Answering via Pre-Training with External Image-Text Data (VLP), LOIS: Exploring Instance Semantics for Visual Question Answering (LOIS), Bidirectional Multimodal Attention Networks for Visual Question Answering (BiGAN), A Pairwise Attention Framework with Word and Sentence Embedding for Visual Question Answering (DALNet-WSE) and Enhanced GNN Focused Attention and Hybridized Optimization Approach for Visual Inquiry Resolution (GNN-SA-MRFO) respectively. This highlights its effectiveness in combining textual and visual information for superior question answering capabilities. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Semantics

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Open-source solutions for real-time data retrieval in industrial automation and IoT environments

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International Journal of Internet Manufacturing and Services 2025年第1期11卷 73-92页

作者： Hegde, Seema B. Reddy, Tadigotla Narendra Prasannan, Prasad Manjunath, K.V. Herbert, Mervin A. Rao, Shrikantha S. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Global Academy of Technology Bengaluru560098 India Smart Manufacturing Precision Machine Tools Central Manufacturing Technology Institute Bengaluru22 India Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Siddaganga Institute of Technology Tumkur572103 India Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal India

Digitalisation of the manufacturing industries due to the implementation of the ‘industrial internet of things (IIOT)’ is a key enabler for improved productivity and reliability at a reduced labour cost. The industrial IOT connects all the industrial machines such as PLCs, CNCs, and robots through a robust network. The generated data by these end devices plays a vital role in industrial automation, however acquiring the data from machines specifically legacy machines using various communication protocols is the biggest challenge and costly process, especially for MSMEs. Hence this paper discusses the usage of the open-source framework for real-time data acquisition from industrial machines and its implication in Industry 4.0. The paper implements and validates the possibility of the usage of an open-source framework for data acquisition instead of vendor-specific licensed software using several test cases. The paper also validates and proves ‘Wireshark’ can be a universal open-source solution for data acquisition using any standard communication protocols from various vendor-specific machines. Hence this work provides a novel solution for the digitalisation of the MSME manufacturing industries efficiently at the reduced maintenance cost and improve their productivity. Copyright © 2025 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Cost reduction

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