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Continuous and Discrete Similarity Coefficient for Identifying Essential Proteins Using Gene Expression Data

Big Data Mining and Analytics 2023年第2期6卷 185-200页

作者： Jiancheng Zhong Zuohang Qu Ying Zhong Chao Tang Yi Pan College of Information Science and Engineering Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences ShenzhenGuangzhou 518055China

Essential proteins play a vital role in biological processes,and the combination of gene expression profiles with Protein-Protein Interaction(PPI)networks can improve the identification of essential ***,gene expression data are prone to significant fluctuations due to noise interference in topological *** this work,we discretized gene expression data and used the discrete similarities of the gene expression spectrum to eliminate noise *** then proposed the Pearson Jaccard coefficient(PJC)that consisted of continuous and discrete similarities in the gene expression *** the graph theory as the basis,we fused the newly proposed similarity coefficient with the existing network topology prediction algorithm at each protein node to recognize essential *** strategy exhibited a high recognition rate and good *** validated the new similarity coefficient PJC on PPI datasets of Krogan,Gavin,and DIP of yeast species and evaluated the results by receiver operating characteristic analysis,jackknife analysis,top analysis,and accuracy *** with that of node-based network topology centrality and fusion biological information centrality methods,the new similarity coefficient PJC showed a significantly improved prediction performance for essential proteins in DC,IC,Eigenvector centrality,subgraph centrality,betweenness centrality,closeness centrality,NC,PeC,and *** also compared the PJC coefficient with other methods using the NF-PIN algorithm,which predicts proteins by constructing active PPI networks through dynamic gene *** experimental results proved that our newly proposed similarity coefficient PJC has superior advantages in predicting essential proteins.

关键词： Protein-Protein Interaction(PPI)network continuous and discrete similarity coefficient essential proteins

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A Blockchain-Assisted Trusted Federated Learning for Smart Agriculture

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SN computer science 2025年第3期6卷 1-26页

作者： Manoj, T. Makkithaya, Krishnamoorthi Narendra, V.G. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Karnataka Manipal 576104 India

Smart agriculture promises to alleviate the burden of climate risks on crop production by leveraging machine learning tasks. These tasks act as a decision support instrument for making well-informed choices by stakeholders in the agricultural value chain. Currently, predictive models in smart agriculture demand a centralized collection of diverse data, fragmented across multiple information systems leading to a single point of failure. The application of the Federated Learning (FL) technique restricts the movement of raw data and trains the model at the data source. However, the FL approach does not ensure trust factors like privacy, authentication, data provenance, transparency and traceability. To address this, a decentralized federated learning framework built on blockchain can be a potential solution. In this study, we introduce a blockchain-based framework called AgriFLChain for trusted federated learning in the context of smart agriculture. We focus on crop yield prediction as an illustrative use case, initially discussing centralized deep learning models (ResNet-16, ResNet-28, CNN-DNN, and CNN-LSTM). We then detail the authentication and data provenance mechanisms for federated learning participants, utilizing blockchain-based Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) and Verifiable Credentials (VCs). We implement these models using vanilla federated learning and Differential Privacy (DP) federated learning approaches, achieving transparency and traceability through smart contracts by recording metadata of model updates into the blockchain. Finally, detailed evaluation demonstrates that AgriFLChain achieves comparable efficiency to centralized models while maintaining scalability in blockchain transactions for higher data volumes. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Blockchain Crop yield prediction Deep learning Federated learning Smart agriculture Smart contracts

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Implementation of Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem with Bitcoin Curves on SECP256k1, NIST256p, NIST521p, and LLL

Journal of ICT Standardization

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Journal of ICT Standardization 2023年第4期11卷 329-354页

作者： Ulla, Mohammed Mujeer Preethi Khan, Md Sameeruddin Sakkari, Deepak S. School of Computer Science and Engineering Presidency University Karnataka Bangalore India Department of Information Technology Manipal Institute of Technology Bengaluru Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Krishna Institute of Technology Bangalore India

Very recent attacks like ladder leaks demonstrated the feasibility of recovering private keys with side-channel attacks using just one bit of secret nonce. ECDSA nonce bias can be exploited in many ways. Some attacks on ECDSA involve complicated Fourier analysis and lattice mathematics. This paper will enable cryptographers to identify efficient ways in which ECDSA can be cracked on curves NIST256p, SECP256k1, NIST521p, and weak nonce, kind of attacks that can crack ECDSA and how to protect yourself. Initially, we begin with an ECDSA signature to sign a message using the private key and validate the generated signature using the shared public key. Then we use a nonce or a random value to randomize the generated signature. Every time we sign, a new verifiable random nonce value is created, and a way in which the intruder can discover the private key if the signer leaks any one of the nonce values. Then we use Lenstra–Lenstra–Lovasz (LLL) method as a black box, we will try to attack signatures generated from bad nonce or bad random number generator (RAG) on NIST256p, SECP256k1 curves. The combination of nonce generation, post-message signing, and validation in ECDSA helps achieve Uniqueness, Authentication, Integrity, and Non-Repudiation. The analysis is performed by considering all three curves for the implementation of the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA). The comparative analysis for each of the selected curves in terms of computational time is done with the leak of nonce and with the Lenstra–Lenstra–Lovasz method to crack ECDSA. The average computational costs to break ECDSA with curves NIST256p, NIST521p, and SECP256k1 are 0.016, 0.34,0.46 respectively which is almost zero depicting the strength of the algorithm. The average computational costs to break ECDSA with curves SECP256K1 and NIST256p using LLL are 2.9 and 3.4 respectively. © 2023 River Publishers.

关键词： Authentication

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Extending generalized unsupervised manifold alignment

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science China(Information sciences) 2022年第7期65卷 139-156页

作者： Xiaoyi YIN Zhen CUI Hong CHANG Bingpeng MA Shiguang SHAN Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology

Building connections between different data sets is a fundamental task in machine learning and related application community. With proper manifold alignment, the correspondences between data sets will assist us with comprehensive study of data processes and analyses. Despite the several progresses in semi-supervised and unsupervised scenarios, potent manifold alignment methods in generalized and realistic circumstances remain in absence. Besides, theretofore unsupervised algorithms seldom prove themselves mathematically. In this paper, we devise an efficient method to properly solve the unsupervised manifold alignment problem and denominate it as extending generalized unsupervised manifold alignment(EGUMA)method. More specifically, an explicit relaxed integer programming method is adopted to solve the unsupervised manifold alignment problem, which reconciles three factors covering the updated local structure matching, the the feature comparability and geometric preservation. An additional effort is retained on extending the Frank Wolfe algorithm to tacking our optimization problem. Besides our previous endeavors we adopt a new strategy for neighborhood discovery in the manifolds. The main advantages over previous methods accommodate(1) simultaneous alignment and discovery of manifolds;(2) complete unsupervised learning structure without any prerequisite correspondence;(3) more concise local geometry for the embedding space;(4) efficient alternative optimization;(5) strict mathematical analysis on the convergence and efficiency issues. Experiments on real-world applications verify the high accuracy and efficiency of our proposed method.

关键词： unsupervised manifold alignment relaxed integer programming Frank Wolfe algorithm

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Hybrid RNN Based Text Classification Model for Unstructured Data

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SN computer science 2024年第6期5卷 726页

作者： Sunagar, Pramod Sowmya, B.J. Pruthviraja, Dayananda Supreeth, S. Mathew, Jimpson Rohith, S. Shruthi, G. Cloudthat Technologies Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Ramaiah Institute of Technology Department of Information Technology Manipal Institute of Technology Bengaluru Manipal Academy of Higher Education School of Computer Science and Engineering REVA University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Patna Department of ECE Nagarjuna College of Engineering and Technology

The volume of social media posts is on the rise as the number of social media users expands. It is imperative that these data be analyzed using cutting-edge algorithms. This goal is handled by the many techniques used in text categorization. There are a variety of text categorization techniques available, ranging from machine learning to deep learning. Numerical crunching has become easier with less processing time since the emergence of high-end computer facilities. This has led to the development of sophisticated network architectures that can be trained to achieve higher precision and recall. The performance of neural network models which was evaluated by the F1 score is affected by cumulative performance in precision and recall. The current study intends to analyze and compare the performance of the neural network proposed, A Hybrid RNN model that has two layers of BiLSTM and two layers of GRU to that of previous hybrid models. GloVE dataset is used to train the models and their accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score are used to assess performance. Except for the RNN + GRU model, the RNN + BILSTM + GRU model has a precision of 0.767, a recall of 0.759, and an F1-score of 0.7585. This hybrid model outperforms the others. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Bidirectional long-short-term memory (BiLSTM) Gated recurrent units (GRU) Recurrent neural networks (RNN) Region-based convolutional neural networks (RCNN) Text classification

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A secured deep learning based smart home automation system

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International Journal of Information technology (Singapore) 2024年第8期16卷 5239-5245页

作者： Sanjay, Chitukula Jahnavi, Konda Karanth, Shyam Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Karnataka Manipal India

With the expansion of modern technologies and the Internet of Things (IoT), the concept of smart homes has gained tremendous popularity with a view to making people’s lives easier by ensuring a secured environment. Several home automation systems have been developed to report suspicious activities by capturing the movements of residents. However, these systems are associated with challenges such as weak security, lack of interoperability and integration with IoT devices, timely reporting of suspicious movements, etc. Therefore, the given paper proposes a novel smart home automation framework for controlling home appliances by integrating with sensors, IoT devices, and microcontrollers, which would in turn monitor the movements and send notifications about suspicious movements on the resident’s smartphone. The proposed framework makes use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for motion detection and classification based on pre-processing of images. The images related to the movements of residents are captured by a spy camera installed in the system. It helps in identification of outsiders based on differentiation of motion patterns. The performance of the framework is compared with existing deep learning models used in recent studies based on evaluation metrics such as accuracy (%), precision (%), recall (%), and f-1 measure (%). The results show that the proposed framework attains the highest accuracy (98.67%), thereby surpassing the existing deep learning models used in smart home automation systems. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： CNN IoT Motion recognition and security Sensors Smart homes

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Generating Adversarial Patterns in Facial Recognition with Visual Camouflage

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (science) 2024年 1-12页

作者： Bao, Qirui Mei, Haiyang Wei, Huilin Lü, Zheng Wang, Yuxin Yang, Xin Key Laboratory of Social Computing and Cognitive Intelligence of Ministry of Education School of Control Science and EngineeringSchool of Computer Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology Liaoning Dalian116024 China Systems Engineering Institute Academy of Military Sciences Beijing100141 China

Deep neural networks, especially face recognition models, have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. However, existing attack methods for face recognition systems either cannot attack black-box models, are not universal, have cumbersome deployment processes, or lack camouflage and are easily detected by the human eye. In this paper, we propose an adversarial pattern generation method for face recognition and achieve universal black-box attacks by pasting the pattern on the frame of goggles. To achieve visual camouflage, we use a generative adversarial network (GAN). The scale of the generative network of GAN is increased to balance the performance conflict between concealment and adversarial behavior, the perceptual loss function based on VGG19 is used to constrain the color style and enhance GAN’s learning ability, and the fine-grained meta-learning adversarial attack strategy is used to carry out black-box attacks. Sufficient visualization results demonstrate that compared with existing methods, the proposed method can generate samples with camouflage and adversarial characteristics. Meanwhile, extensive quantitative experiments show that the generated samples have a high attack success rate against black-box models. © 2023, Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

关键词： Face recognition

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Anonymous and robust biometric authentication scheme for secure social IoT healthcare applications

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Journal of engineering and Applied science 2024年第1期71卷 8页

作者： Arpitha, T. Chouhan, Dharamendra Shreyas, J. Department of Computer Science and Engineering University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering Bangalore University Bengaluru India Department of Information Technology Manipal Institute of Technology Bengaluru Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal India

In the era of rapid technological advancement, the Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionised healthcare through systems like the Telecare Medicine Information System (TMIS), designed to streamline patient-doctor interactions and enhance medical treatment. However, the transmission of sensitive patient data over inherently insecure Internet channels exposes it to a spectrum of security risks. Protecting patient medical privacy and ensuring system reliability necessitate mutual authentication between both patients and medical servers. TMIS relies on robust authentication mechanisms, and combining passwords and smart cards has been a recognised approach for mutual authentication. This research introduces an innovative three-factor authentication technique with perfect forward secrecy by leveraging the power of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) in tandem with smart cards. Additionally, we have incorporated biometric authentication with a Fuzzy Extractor technology to enhance the security and reliability of the system, setting a new standard for user authentication within the realm of Social IoT healthcare. The use of ECC in the method is justified due to its compact key size and robust security measures, making the solution both efficient and secure. The proposed method safeguards user privacy by permitting registered users to change their passwords without divulging their identity to the server. The Burrows–Abadi–Needham logic (also known as the BAN logic) serves as a proof-of-concept for the proposed scheme’s security. Our system provides privacy protection along with mutual authentication and session key negotiation at a considerably low computation cost and communication cost of up to 71.03% compared to the other four relevant techniques, making it more useful in real-world scenarios. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Smart cards

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Analysis of CNN Models using Augmented Data in Tomato Diseases 18

Analysis of CNN Models using Augmented Data in Tomato Diseas...

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18th INDIAcom;11th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development, INDIACom 2024

作者： Sharma, Pavan Yadav, Rakesh Kumar Rawat, Sur Singh Iftm University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Moradabad India Maharishi University of Information Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lucknow India Jss Academy of Technical Education Department of Computer Science and Engineering Noida India

ISBN: (纸本)9789380544519

A vital source of nourishment for millions of people, tomatoes are one of the most significant vegetables in the world. However, many diseases may substantially decrease the yield and quality of tomato plants. Early blight, Late blight and Powdery mildew are the three most destructive diseases in tomatoes that have the capacity to drastically lower tomato crop yields. A trusted and efficient automated approach for identifying diseases needs to be created in order to address this problem. To recognize the three primary disorders that impact tomato plants based on leaf images, we created a model using a convolution neural network (CNN) and data augmentation. We also compared the performance of different CNN models, and assessed its efficacy. With an average accuracy rate of -61.75% and average loss of 6.75%, theResNet50 model is a valuable tool that tomato growers can use to keep the diseases mentioned above from affecting their tomatoes during the harvesting process. © 2024 Bharati vidyapeeth, New Delhi.

关键词： augmentation CNN mobilenet resnet50 vgg16 xception

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Equalizer Zero-Determinant Strategy in Discounted Repeated Stackelberg Asymmetric Game

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Journal of Systems science & Complexity 2024年第1期37卷 184-203页

作者： CHENG Zhaoyang CHEN Guanpu HONG Yiguang Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology10044 StockholmSweden. Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji UniversityShanghai 210201China

This paper focuses on the performance of equalizer zero-determinant(ZD)strategies in discounted repeated Stackelberg asymmetric *** the leader-follower adversarial scenario,the strong Stackelberg equilibrium(SSE)deriving from the opponents’best response(BR),is technically the optimal strategy for the ***,computing an SSE strategy may be difficult since it needs to solve a mixed-integer program and has exponential complexity in the number of *** this end,the authors propose an equalizer ZD strategy,which can unilaterally restrict the opponent’s expected *** authors first study the existence of an equalizer ZD strategy with one-to-one situations,and analyze an upper bound of its performance with the baseline SSE *** the authors turn to multi-player models,where there exists one player adopting an equalizer ZD *** authors give bounds of the weighted sum of opponents’s utilities,and compare it with the SSE ***,the authors give simulations on unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)and the moving target defense(MTD)to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： Discounted repeated Stackelberg asymmetric game equalizer zero-determinant strategy strong Stackelberg equilibrium strategy

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