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arXiv 2023年

作者： Yi, Yuhao You, Ronghui Liu, Hong Liu, Changxin Wang, Yuan Lv, Jiancheng College of Computer Science Sichuan University China School of Statistics and Data Science Nankai University China School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden School of Robotics Hunan University China

Byzantine machine learning has garnered considerable attention in light of the unpredictable faults that can occur in large-scale distributed learning systems. The key to secure resilience against Byzantine machines in distributed learning is resilient aggregation mechanisms. Although abundant resilient aggregation rules have been proposed, they are designed in ad-hoc manners, imposing extra barriers on comparing, analyzing, and improving the rules across performance criteria. This paper studies near-optimal aggregation rules using clustering in the presence of outliers. Our outlier-robust clustering approach utilizes geometric properties of the update vectors provided by workers. Our analysis show that constant approximations to the 1-center and 1-mean clustering problems with outliers provide near-optimal resilient aggregators for metric-based criteria, which have been proven to be crucial in the homogeneous and heterogeneous cases respectively. In addition, we discuss two contradicting types of attacks under which no single aggregation rule is guaranteed to improve upon the naive average. Based on the discussion, we propose a two-phase resilient aggregation framework. We run experiments for image classification using a non-convex loss function. The proposed algorithms outperform previously known aggregation rules by a large margin with both homogeneous and heterogeneous data distributions among non-faulty workers. Code and appendix are available at https://***/jerry907/AAAI24-RASHB. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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Progress in research on ultrasound radiomics for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer

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Cancer Innovation 2023年第4期2卷 283-289页

作者： Xuantong Gong Xuefeng Liu Xiaozheng Xie Yong Wang Department of Ultrasound National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBijingChina State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and EngineeringBejjing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing(BDBC)Beihang UniversityBeijingChina School of Computer and Communication Engi neering.University of Science and Technology Beijing BeijingChina

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women *** means of predicting the prognosis of breast cancer are very helpful in guiding treatment and improving patients'*** extracted by radiomics reflect the genetic and molecular characteristics of a tumor and are related to its biological behavior and the patient's ***,radiomics provides a new approach to noninvasive assessment of breast cancer *** is one of the commonest clinical means of examining breast *** recent years,some results of research into ultrasound radiomics for diagnosing breast cancer,predicting lymph node status,treatment response,recurrence and survival times,and other aspects,have been *** this article,we review the current research status and technical challenges of ultrasound radiomics for predicting breast cancer *** aim to provide a reference for radiomics researchers,promote the development of ultrasound radiomics,and advance its clinical application.

关键词： breast cancer deeplearning prognosisprediction radiomics ultrasound

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People Interconnect - A Platform for Unified Communication

People Interconnect - A Platform for Unified Communication

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International Conference on ent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS)

作者： Baby Shamini P Kalaivani S N.Sivasankari Chandran G Jency A Sruthi S Computer Science and Engineering R.M.K. Engineering College Electronics and Communication Engineering Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology Electronics and Communication Engineering St.Joseph College of Engineering Electrical and Electronics Engineering DMI College of Engineering Artificial Intelligence and Data Science R.M.K College of Engineering and Technology

ISBN: (数字)9798331512088

ISBN: (纸本)9798331512095

People interconnect was created with the mind set to not just be another communication platform but also to empower a wide range of users, fostering productivity, knowledge sharing and social interaction. People interconnect is an effort for a more modern approach to connect seamlessly through group video calls, screen-sharing, and chatting that leverages advanced technologies such as *** and WebRTC to provide seamless and robust communication solutions. By integrating *** and WebRTC into its architecture, the system offers a wide range of features to facilitate communication and collaboration. *** is employed to enable real-time chat functionality. WebRTC is harnessed for group video calls, offering high quality video conferencing experiences. The inclusion of video calling capability enhances the user experience by enabling face-to-face communication, fostering a more immersive and engaging interaction. Users can initiate video calls with individuals or groups, further enhancing collaboration and ***, the integration of an inbuilt compiler adds a unique dimension to the application, catering to the needs of developers and programmers.

关键词： Productivity Program processors Collaboration Streaming media Control systems User experience Software Software reliability WebRTC Videoconferences

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Enhanced Pediatric Pneumonia Diagnosis with Chest X-Ray using Deep Attention Mechanism

Enhanced Pediatric Pneumonia Diagnosis with Chest X-Ray usin...

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IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Big data Computing (BDC)

作者： Muhammad Zaman Tahseen Fatima Sana Hameed Shahzeb Haider Adnan Akhunzada Muhammad Azeem Faculty of Computer Science University of Lahore Sargodha Pakistan School of Engineering University of Saint Thomas Saint Paul MN USA Department of Data and Cybersecurity University of Doha for Science and Technology Doha Qatar

ISBN: (数字)9798350367300

ISBN: (纸本)9798350367317

Development of deep learning technologies has resulted in a major revolution in the field of medical diagnostics in recent years. The purpose of this research is to examine the usage of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in combination with an integrated attention mechanism known as CoATNet to improve the accuracy and responsiveness of paediatric pneumonia diagnosis using chest X-ray analysis. The major goal of this research project is to build and verify a powerful deep learning model capable of detecting mild pneumonia symptoms in children’s chest X-rays. CoATNet’s innovative attention approach allows it to provide more weight to areas deemed to be extremely important. This is in addition to its ability to recognise major patterns in images. Furthermore, the paper considers the issues posed by class imbalances in medical imaging datasets and undertakes an in-depth assessment of how effectively CoATNet works across a large dataset of paediatric chest X-rays. CoATNet’s remarkable performance was shown by its ability to achieve a Micro Average of 98.2%, a Weighted Average of 98.7%, and an Accuracy of 99.7%. These measures show that the model can distinguish between instances of pneumonia and those do not have the illness, and that it is resilient when faced with class imbalances. F1 Score of 98.9% reflects a well-balanced trade-off between Precision 98.7% and Recall 98.2%. The integration of deep learning technologies with attention processes in CoATNet has resulted in a big step forward in the development of diagnostic models that are more visible and useful.

关键词： Deep learning Pediatrics Pneumonia Attention mechanisms Accuracy Sensitivity Predictive models Pattern recognition X-ray imaging Medical diagnostic imaging

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Multiplication of Sparse Matrices and their Transpose Using Compressed Sparse Diagonals

Multiplication of Sparse Matrices and their Transpose Using ...

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IEEE Conference on High Performance Extreme Computing (HPEC)

作者： Sardar Anisul Haque Mohammad Tanvir Parvez Shahadat Hossain School of Computing and Data Science Oryx Universal College in Partnership with LJMU (UK) Doha Qatar Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Qassim University Buraydah Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science University of Northern British Columbia Prince George BC Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798350387131

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387148

Matrix-matrix multiplication is one of the most important kernel in linear algebra operations with a multitude of applications in scientific and engineering computing. Sparse matrix computation on modern High-performance Computing (HPC) architecture presents challenges such as load balancing, data locality optimization, and computational scalability. data structures to store sparse matrices are designed to minimize overhead information as well as to optimize the operations count and memory access. In this study, we present a new data structure, “compressed sparse diagonal” (CSD), to efficiently store and compute with general sparse matrices. The CSD builds upon the previously developed diagonal storage - an orientation-independent uniform scheme to compute with “structured” matrices [1]. Compared with the widely used compressed sparse row/column (CSR/CSC), the CSD scheme avoids explicit transposition operation when multiplying a matrix with its transpose. The results from preliminary numerical experiments with the aforementioned types of matrices demonstrate the CSD scheme's effectiveness in matrix-transposed matrix multiplication.

关键词： Scalability High performance computing engineering computing Linear algebra data structures Load management Sparse matrices Kernel Optimization

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An Ensemble of CapsNet and KSVM Using Feature Fusion: Application to COVID-19 Detection 3

An Ensemble of CapsNet and KSVM Using Feature Fusion: Applic...

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3rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, PRML 2022

作者： Aggrey, Esther Stacy E. B. Zhen, Qin Kodjiku, Seth Larweh Aidoo, Evans Fiasam, Linda Delali Mensah, Acheampong Edward University of Electronic Science & Technology of China School of Information & Software Engineering Chengdu China University of Electronic Science & Technology of China School of Information & Software Engineering Network and Data Security Key Lab of Sichuan Province Chengdu China Zhejiang Gongshang University School of Computer & Information Engineering Hangzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9781665499507

ISBN: (纸本)9781665499507

COVID-19 virus is a major worldwide pandemic that is growing at a fast pace throughout the world. The usual approach for diagnosing COVID-19 is the use of a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based nucleic acid test. However, RT-PCR has lower sensitivity in the early phases of COVID-19 detection. Recent studies have indicated that X-ray images may be useful throughout the early detection of the virus. Human screening has been shown to be cost-effective, susceptible to mistakes, and time-demanding, which has sparked an interest in using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to automate the process. CNNs, on the other hand, fail to view the exact placement of features as advantageous in medical imaging. Furthermore, for successful training and prediction, CNNs need a huge quantity of datasets. CNNs are rapidly reducing picture resolution, resulting in worsening accuracy in classification. We used newly created capsule networks (CapsNets) in our study to circumvent these disadvantages. The primary contribution is to improve the identification of SARS-CoV-2 with images obtained from X-ray by coupling capsule network with a kernel support vector machine (KSVM). The technique was evaluated using a publicly available dataset, and the proposed model shows that the accuracy of the CapsNet-KSVM based model is improved by 94.6% accuracy, 95% sensitivity, and 98% specificity, which outperforms the traditional CNN and other existing ensemble models. The proposed CapsNet-KSVM based system can be employed to identify the presence of COVID-19 in the human body using X-ray images. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Smart Building Indoor Temperature Prediction Using the IoT and Machine Learning

Smart Building Indoor Temperature Prediction Using the IoT a...

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Electrical, Electronics, Information and Communication Technologies (ICEEICT), International Conference on

作者： Robin Rohit. Vincent Swagata Sarkar Shalom Irence R B R Prakash R. Senthil Rama D Suganthi Computer Science & Engineering School of Computer Science & Engineering and Information Science Presidency University Bengaluru Artificial intelligence and Data Science Sri Sairam Engineering College Chennai 44 EEE Karunya Kits / CBE Electrical and Electronics Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram EEE DMI College of Engineering Chennai Department of Computer Science Saveetha College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Saveetha Institute of Medical And Technical Sciences Chennai

Due to fast expansion and improved lifestyle, the need for useable energy has skyrocketed in recent decades, notably in the construction industry. Several factors, such as local climate, building makeup, and energy consumption habits, affect a structure's efficiency in using energy. In this paper, we aim for forecasting the interior temperature of smart buildings by combining IoT with popular machine Learning algorithms. This prediction model has been developed using online learning techniques to increase its adaptability to novel inputs. This paper details a methodology for creating an analytical model that may be utilized for smart building interior temperature forecasting by merging the IoT with some popular machine learning methods. This prediction model was built with an online-learning strategy, so it may be used for a dataset with which the developers are unfamiliar. To ensure the precision of the method, this article uses Machine Learning to test it using real-world sensor data. In order to verify the methodology, the study conducts experiments using Machine Learning on collected, real-world sensor data. The study then proposes incorporating the following method into an Edge Computing based IoT architecture in order to make the building operational in an energy-efficient manner. The learning framework was validated with data collected from an Internet of Things network installed in a home over the course of a summertime. The learnt model's efficacy has been evaluated, and the model's predictability of interior temperature changes has been quantified. The paper demonstrates the viability of the proposed Learning framework for thermal models based on the Internet of Things and provides a pragmatic answer to the problem of supplying accurate thermal models for use in the temperature controls of smart buildings of the future.

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DPMAC: Differentially Private Communication for Cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhao, Canzhe Ze, Yanjie Dong, Jing Wang, Baoxiang Li, Shuai John Hopcroft Center for Computer Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China School of Data Science The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China

Communication lays the foundation for cooperation in human society and in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Humans also desire to maintain their privacy when communicating with others, yet such privacy concern has not been considered in existing works in MARL. To this end, we propose the differentially private multi-agent communication (DPMAC) algorithm, which protects the sensitive information of individual agents by equipping each agent with a local message sender with rigorous (ϵ, δ)-differential privacy (DP) guarantee. In contrast to directly perturbing the messages with predefined DP noise as commonly done in privacy-preserving scenarios, we adopt a stochastic message sender for each agent respectively and incorporate the DP requirement into the sender, which automatically adjusts the learned message distribution to alleviate the instability caused by DP noise. Further, we prove the existence of a Nash equilibrium in cooperative MARL with privacy-preserving communication, which suggests that this problem is game-theoretically learnable. Extensive experiments demonstrate a clear advantage of DPMAC over baseline methods in privacy-preserving scenarios. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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An Evolutionary Algorithm for the Travelling Sales Man problem

An Evolutionary Algorithm for the Travelling Sales Man probl...

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Electronics and Renewable Systems (ICEARS), International Conference on

作者： Shaik Mohammad Waseem Jeshwanth N L Lingesh A Matta Jayanth Bhargavi C H Batini Dhanwanth Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Panimalar Institute of Technology (Anna University) Chennai India Dept. of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Panimalar Institute of Technology (Anna University) Chennai India Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Sai Spurthi Institute of Technology India Dept. of AI Engineering Jönköping University Jönköping Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9798331509675

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509682

This study explores the use of Genetic Algorithms (GA) to solve the NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem known as the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). The suggested GA, called GA-P, performs better than conventional techniques because it uses a new randomized crossover threshold. According to experimental assessments, GA-P outperforms a normal Genetic Algorithm with fixed crossover (GA-N, 628.6) and approaches the best Branch and Bound solutions (B&B, 560.6) with an average cost of 617.4 for 16-node graphs. With average execution times of 0.1347 seconds for 16 nodes, GA-P also demonstrates constant computational efficiency, outperforming B&B's exponentially growing temporal complexity (169.37 seconds for 16 nodes). In order to balance solution quality and computational cost, hyperparameter tweaking revealed the ideal values of population percentage (pp = 1.1), crossover proportion (cp = 0.8), mutation threshold (mt = 0.3), and exploration probability (ep = 0.2). The results show that GA-P is a scalable and efficient substitute for TSP, with room for improvement via parallelization and exploratory techniques.

关键词： Renewable energy sources Costs Evolutionary computation Computational efficiency Complexity theory Optimization Tuning Genetic algorithms

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Improving Brain MRI Image Segmentation Quality: A Hybrid Technique for Intensity Inhomogeneity Correction 34

Improving Brain MRI Image Segmentation Quality: A Hybrid Tec...

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34th Conference of Open Innovations Association FRUCT, FRUCT 2023

作者： Aziz, Samah Abdel Hawbani, Ammar Wang, Xingfu Abdelhamid, Talaat Maolood, Ismail Y. Alsamhi, Saeed Ismail, A.S. School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei23002 China Zagazig University Zagazig44519 Egypt Menoufia University Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia Egypt -System Information Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research Kurdistan Region Erbil Iraq National University of Ireland Insight Centre for Data Analytics Galway Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9789526524603

Intensity inhomogeneity is a significant issue in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), where the presence of bias field causes distortions in pixel values, resulting in inconsistent and erroneous intensities across the image. This artifact not only hampers accurate diagnosis by radiologists but also negatively impacts the performance of computer-aided diagnosis algorithms, particularly in tasks like segmentation. In our proposed approach, we use a hybrid technique called KIFCM, which integrates K-means and Fuzzy C-means to enhance brain tumor segmentation. K-means provides computational efficiency, while Fuzzy C-means improves accuracy by detecting missed tumor cells. We employ a bias correction method based on the level set framework, removing noise with a median filter and applying the hybrid KIFCM technique for optimal segmentation. Our method effectively addresses intensity variation challenges, ensuring precise brain tumor region segmentation. We compare our results with DFCM and MFFLs, and the comparison shows the efficiency of our proposed method by highlighting the superior quality and accuracy of 81% achieved, requiring less computational time. Consequently, our results demonstrate KIFCM's potential to boost both accuracy and speed in MRI-based brain tumor detection through computer-aided diagnosis. © 2023 FRUCT Oy.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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