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A Game-Theoretic Approach for Pricing and Determining Quality Levels of Cybersecurity Products Under an Exogenous Information-Sharing program 19th

A Game-Theoretic Approach for Pricing and Determining Qualit...

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19th International Conference on the Economics of Grids, Clouds, Systems, and Services, GECON 2022

作者： Rasti-Barzoki, Morteza Altmann, Jörn Egger, Bernhard Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan84156-83111 Iran Institute of Engineering Research College of Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Technology Management Economics and Policy Program College of Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9783031293146

Price and quality level of products are two important decisions of any business. This paper provides equilibrium solutions for these decisions of two players for a cybersecurity ecosystem, including a solution provider and an information provider. We assume that end users join a cybersecurity ecosystem based on the prices and qualities of the solution provider’s and information provider’s products;so that, the increasing of the prices or/and decreasing the qualities will reduce the number of end-users of that ecosystem. Also, it is assumed that there is an exogenous information-sharing program under which the effect of quality of the information provider’s product on the cybersecurity level depends on the level of information-sharing. Under this information-sharing program, the equilibrium solutions of prices and qualities of these two players are given. Also, some results and insights are given with a numerical example. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Game theory

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In-situ real-time monitoring of GeSn growth using UHV-CVD to achieve high-quality material with lasing at 2250 nm and 100 K [Invited]

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Optical Materials Express 2025年第6期15卷 1371-1381页

作者： Grant, Joshua Acharya, Sudip Golden, Alexander Yang, Enbo Stanchu, Hryhorii Chang, Guo-En Sun, Greg Du, Wei Yu, Shui-Qing Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Material Science and Engineering Program University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi62102 Taiwan Department of Engineering University of Massachusetts BostonMA02125 United States

GeSn alloys hold great promise for the development of Si photonics due to its direct bandgap with sufficient high Sn composition, tunable bandgap energies covering broad infrared wavelength range, and compatibility with the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process. For the past decades, tremendous efforts have been made to develop material growth recipes to obtain device-level material quality using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactors. A common issue in material growth is the formation of Sn droplets (i.e., Sn segregation) that seriously degrades the material quality. However, although industrial CVD has delivered high-quality materials for device demonstration, the dynamic process of material growth remains unavailable, and only ex-situ material characterizations could provide feedback. In this work, a specially designed ultra-high-vacuum CVD (UHV-CVD) was used to study the growth dynamic by employing an in-situ optical system, which enables us to monitor the formation of Sn droplets in real-time. The Sn segregation occurring at the cooling stage after growth completion rather than during material growth was discovered, indicating that a post-growth treatment is needed to minimize the Sn droplet formation. By extending the GeSn growth time and controlling the cooling cycle, the number of Sn droplets dramatically reduced, leading to a high-quality strain-relaxed GeSn layer with 10.2% Sn composition and over 730 nm thickness. Material quality is comparable with those grown using commercial RPCVD in the early stage, which was further confirmed by the demonstration of an optically pumped laser. A threshold of ∼600 kW/cm2 at 77 K and a maximum operating temperature of 100 K were obtained, with the lasing peak at ∼2250 nm. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Optical pumping

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A Unified Framework for Slot based Response Generation in a Multimodal Dialogue System

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Firdaus, Mauajama Madasu, Avinash Ekbal, Asif Department of Computing Science University of Alberta Alberta Canada Cognitive Computing Research Intel Labs Santa ClaraCA United States Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihar Patna India

Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Natural Language Generation (NLG) are the two critical components of every conversational system that handles the task of understanding the user by capturing the necessary information in the form of slots and generating an appropriate response in accordance with the extracted information. Recently, dialogue systems integrated with complementary information such as images, audio, or video have gained immense popularity. In this work, we propose an end-to-end framework with the capability to extract necessary slot values from the utterance and generate a coherent response, thereby assisting the user to achieve their desired goals in a multimodal dialogue system having both textual and visual information. The task of extracting the necessary information is dependent not only on the text but also on the visual cues present in the dialogue. Similarly, for the generation, the previous dialog context comprising multimodal information is significant for providing coherent and informative responses. We employ a multimodal hierarchical encoder using pretrained DialoGPT and also exploit the knowledge base (Kb) to provide a stronger context for both the tasks. Finally, we design a slot attention mechanism to focus on the necessary information in a given utterance. Lastly, a decoder generates the corresponding response for the given dialogue context and the extracted slot values. Experimental results on the Multimodal Dialogue Dataset (MMD) show that the proposed framework outperforms the baselines approaches in both the tasks. The code is available at https://***/avinashsai/slot-gpt. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Speech processing

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A Game-Theoretic Approach for Pricing and Determining Virtual Reality Investment and Cybersecurity Level in a Dual-Channel Supply Chain 19th

A Game-Theoretic Approach for Pricing and Determining Virtua...

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19th International Conference on the Economics of Grids, Clouds, Systems, and Services, GECON 2022

作者： Alaei, Amir Mohammad Rasti-Barzoki, Morteza Altmann, Jörn Egger, Bernhard Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan84156-83111 Iran Institute of Engineering Research College of Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Technology Management Economics and Policy Program College of Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9783031293146

Virtual reality has become a new option to inform the customers about product before purchasing. However, providing virtual reality may create new challenges. For instance, consumers may obtain essential information about products by using virtual reality option, but eventually they buy their products from the offline channel. This phenomenon is called webrooming. Another challenge is cyber-attacks. E-tailers and their consumers face risks from cyber-attacks. Thus, e-tailers are investing to improve cybersecurity. We consider a dual-channel supply chain consisting of an offline retailer and an e-tailer who purchase the same product from a manufacturer at the same wholesale price. The e-tailer offers a partial refund policy in order to attract the customers. Also, to reduce consumer valuation uncertainty, the e-tailer faces the decision on whether to introduce virtual reality. We analyze three scenarios. Firstly, the e-tailer does not offer virtual reality. Secondly, the e-tailer offers virtual reality, but he does not invest on cybersecurity. Thirdly, the e-tailer offers virtual reality and invests on cybersecurity. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Game theory

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Robust Dense Depth Estimation in Adverse Weather Conditions

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Hongjin, Zhang Wei, Hui Huilan, Luo Laboratory of Algorithms for Cognitive Models School of Computer Science Fudan University Handan Road 220 Shanghai China School of Information Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Hongqi Avenue 86 Jiangxi Ganzhou China

This study addresses the challenge of obtaining reliable dense depth results from outdoor stereo images captured in adverse weather conditions, whose impact is often overlooked by traditional methods, while deep learning approaches lack sufficient training data. We propose to leverage the preserved information in the matching cost function and neighboring disparity values. By utilizing functional analysis on the corresponding matching cost function, candidate results are obtained, which are filtered based on neighborhood information. The overall energy function is decoupled to construct univariate functions corresponding to each pixel, and is minimized to obtain disparity results. Experimental evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in achieving more accurate disparity results, particularly in adverse weather conditions. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost functions

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Optically-generated focused ultrasound for noninvasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh precision

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Light(science & Applications) 2022年第11期11卷 2817-2831页

作者： Yueming Li Ying Jiang Lu Lan Xiaowei Ge Ran Cheng Yuewei Zhan Guo Chen Linli Shi Runyu Wang Nan Zheng Chen Yang Ji-Xin Cheng Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Graduate Program for Neuroscience Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Chemistry Boston UniversitBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Division of Materials Science and Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02142USA

High precision neuromodulation is a powerful tool to decipher neurocircuits and treat neurological *** non-invasive neuromodulation methods offer limited precision at the milimeter ***,we report opticallygenerated focused ultrasound(OFUS)for non-invasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh *** is generated by a soft optoacoustic pad(SOAP)fabricated through embedding candle soot nanoparticles in a curved polydimethylsiloxane *** generates a transcranial ultrasound focus at 15 MHz with an ultrahigh lateral resolution of 83μm,which is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of conventional transcranial-focused ultrasound(tFUS).Here,we show effective OFUS neurostimulation in vitro with a single ultrasound *** demonstrate submillimeter transcranial stimulation of the mouse motor cortex in *** acoustic energy of 0.6 mJ/cm?,four orders of magnitude less than that of tFUS,is suffcient for successful OFUS *** offers new capabilities for neuroscience studies and disease treatments by delivering a focus with ultrahigh precision noninvasively.

关键词： SOAP stimulation precision

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Development of a Phase-Locked Loop Circuit in Running Frequency Mode for Capacitance-to-Voltage Conversion

Development of a Phase-Locked Loop Circuit in Running Freque...

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13th International Electrical engineering Congress, iEECON 2025

作者： On-Khong, Tada Sisuk, Noppadon Wardkein, Paramote Katman, Ratchanoo Prompak, Kriangsak Naresuan University Faculty of Science Department of Physics Phitsanulok Thailand Phibunsongkhram Rajabhat University Program in Computer Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Phitsanulok Thailand King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang School of Engineering Department of Telecommunication Bangkok Thailand Phibunsongkhram Rajabhat University Program of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Phitsanulok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798331543952

Capacitance-to-voltage conversion is essential for capacitive sensors in various industries, including touch interfaces, medical devices, and moisture measurement. However, circuit design faces challenges like non-linearity, noise, and small capacitance variations affecting voltage signals. This article proposes a phase-locked loop in free-running oscillator mode with a frequency-to-voltage converter to enhance accuracy and stability. Test results show a 97.9% measurement accuracy, demonstrating reduced noise and improved stability. The proposed circuit is ideal for high-precision applications in diverse environments, overcoming limitations of traditional methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Phase locked loops

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Deformable registration framework for glioma images with absent correspondence based on auxiliary-image-aided intensity-consistency constraint

Deformable registration framework for glioma images with abs...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Tang, Kun Wang, Lihui Yang, Menglong Xu, Jingwen Cheng, Xinyu Zhang, Jian Zhu, Yuemin Wei, Hongjiang Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medical Image Analysis and Precise Diagnosis of Guizhou Province Engineering Research Center of Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence Guiyang China Univ Lyon Insa Lyon Cnrs Inserm Creatis Umr 5220 U1206 Lyon France Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai200240 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Considering the tumor aggressive nature and the significant changes in anatomical structure, aligning the preoperative and follow up scans of glioma patients remains a challenge due to the presence of regions with absent correspondence. To address this challenge, this work proposed a novel bidirectional unsupervised deformable image registration framework for image pairs with missing correspondence based on an auxiliary-image-aided intensity-consistency constraint (ICC) strategy. Specifically, for any fixed and moving image pairs, we introduced an auxiliary image and warped it directly to fixed/moving image or warped it twice through a transition of moving/fixed image. By comparing the difference between these warped images, the weighting maps to identify and exclude regions with absent correspondence between fixed and moving image pairs can be generated. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework, we combined it with several deep learning-based registration models and tested it on BraTS-Reg challenge dataset, the results demonstrated that the proposed ICC strategy can improve the registration performance for all the models, with the improvement of average target registration error (TRE) and success rate (SR) being up to 44.9% and 66.7%, respectively. Comparing against the best existing forward-backward consistency strategy for dealing with missing correspondence registration, our auxiliary-image-aided ICC strategy can also decrease average TRE by 2.9%, demonstrating the superiority of the proposed framework. The present work is not limited to the glioma images, it can be used to address the registration problems for any image pairs with absent correspondence or inconsistent intensity. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Image registration

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A Platform for Monitoring Student Commuting in the Use of School Transport in Smart Cities - A Facial Recognition Based Approach

A Platform for Monitoring Student Commuting in the Use of Sc...

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2023 International Conference on Smart Applications, Communications and Networking, SmartNets 2023

作者： Da Costa Rocha, Jesse De Souza, Marcela Alves Cardoso, Evelin Helena Silva Vijaykumar, Nandamudi De Araujo, Jasmine Priscyla Leite Frances, Renato Lisboa Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Belém Para Brazil Information and Communication Technology Center Marabá Para Brazil Department of Computer Science Capitão Poço Para Brazil Coordination of Applied Research and Technological Development São Paulo Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302523

This article proposes an intelligent platform for monitoring students' steps on their way to school until they leave the school to their homes. This platform can identify students and notify those responsible and competent authorities in various situations of school life, such as: entering and leaving the school bus, entering and leaving school, entering the school cafeteria, etc. The first application aims to control access to the school bus through facial recognition. In the tests carried out, the recognition system achieved excellent results in all metrics. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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Towards Explainability of Dimension Reduction Plots of Unsupervised Learning Model Outcomes

Towards Explainability of Dimension Reduction Plots of Unsup...

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IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (CIBCB)

作者： Tony E. Astuhuaman Davila Daniel B. Hier Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi Computer Science Dept. Missouri State University Springfield MO USA Kummer Institute Missouri University of Science & Technology Rolla MO USA Engineering Program Missouri State University Springfield MO USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350356632

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356649

Dimension reduction methods are used to visualize the output of unsupervised learning models when applied to complex data. These techniques improve interpretability by transforming a high-dimension space to a lower-dimension space (usually 2D or 3D). The results are typically viewed as 2D scatter plots, and class centroids may be added to increase interpretability. Although useful, the relationship of these class centroids to the underlying feature space remains opaque. The innovative aspect of this work is to create a strong link between the dimension-reduced space and the underlying high-dimension feature space by adding selected feature centroids to the 2D scatter plots. This approach simultaneously visualizes the centers for the classes and the features on the same 2D scatter plot. Since classes are often imbalanced, we provide a method to balance class sizes. We present an automated framework that performs a grid search to find the optimal dimension reduction parameters, balances the class sizes, uses an ensemble approach to find the most important features, and adds class centroids and selected feature centroids to 2D dimension-reduced plots. This is especially useful when applied to complex, feature-rich biomedical data, as addition of feature centroids to 2D scatter plots serve as landmarks for the previously featureless dimension-reduced space. The utility of this approach is demonstrated by its application to seven classes of neurogenetic diseases with 31 defining phenotypic features.

关键词： Dimensionality reduction Three-dimensional displays Phenotypes Data visualization Data models Ensemble learning Bioinformatics Unsupervised learning Computational intelligence Diseases

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