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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ward, William Hariri, Abdulkarim Zhang, Zheshen Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48104 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48104 United States

Quantum illumination (QI) provides entanglement-enabled target-detection enhancement, despite operating in an entanglement-breaking environment. Existing experimental studies of QI have utilized a Bayesian approach, assuming that the target is equally likely to be present or absent before detection, to demonstrate an advantage over classical target detection. However, such a premise breaks down in practical operational scenarios in which the prior probability is unknown, thereby hindering QI's applicability to real-world target-detection scenarios. In this work, we adopt the Neyman-Pearson criterion in lieu of the error probability for equally likely target absence or presence as our figure of merit for QI. We demonstrate an unconditional quantum advantage over the optimal classical-illumination protocol as benchmarked by the receiver operating characteristic, which examines detection probability versus false-alarm probability without resorting to known prior probabilities. Our work represents a critical advancement in adapting quantum-enhanced sensing to practical operational settings. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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A Hydrodynamic Analysis of Water System in Dadahup Swamp Irrigation Area 1

A Hydrodynamic Analysis of Water System in Dadahup Swamp Irr...

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1st International Conference on computer science and Artificial Intelligence, ICCSAI 2021

作者： Purboseno, Sentot Suparyanto, Teddy Hidayat, Alam Ahmad Pardamean, Bens Institute of Agriculture STIPER Department of Agricultural Engineering Yogyakarta55283 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728133331

Dadahup Swamp Irrigation Area (DIR) in Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan is developed for agricultural activities to provide food security after the pandemic. The water system consists of various channels, gates, and a flood embankment structure, which is also connected to three different rivers: Barito River, Mangkatif River, and Kapuas Mumpung River. To quantify flood risk assessments in the area, we perform a hydrodynamic analysis using the unsteady flow method via HEC-RAS software version 4.1.0. We use geometrical profiles from topography measurements and the outer boundary of the Dadahup DIR as input for the hydrologic model. Our results estimate the maximum surface water level from both cross and longitudinal sections in the channels and find that several points near the flood embankment area are prone to flood events. Our modeling approach provides a preliminary assessment for the local government to formulate a flood mitigation plan and policy in the area. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Rivers

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Water Quality Index (WQI) Prediction Using Machine Learning Algorithms

Water Quality Index (WQI) Prediction Using Machine Learning ...

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International Conference on Computational science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI)

作者： Kunyanuth Kularbphettong Phanu Waraporn Nareenart Raksuntorn Rujijan Vivhivanives Chanyapat Sangsuwon Chongrag Boonseng Computer Science Program Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University Bangkok Thailand Robotics Engineering Program Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University Bangkok Thailand Faculty of Science and Technology Suan Sunandha Rajabhat Universit Bangkok Thailand School of Engineering King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (数字)9798350361513

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372304

Water resources used by human activities ranges typically from personal and household, agricultural, industrial, recreational to environmental pursuits. The effects of these water utilizations are actually of great concerns by many due to various threats created by human functions and the nature itself, for instance, climate change, pollution, scarcity, and even conflicts. To mitigate these threats, implementation of water quality management based on recognized standards and guidelines not only will they provide solid framework and benchmark used in relation to the assessment of the water quality but will also enable the identification of corresponding classification indicated by the water quality index (WQI) pertinent and relevant to the surface water dataset. This paper aims at applying selected predictive modeling techniques that are highly optimized for use in semi-automating the work of the water quality classification (WQC) and the water quality index (WQI) that subsequently can be used in assisting the planning, problem-solving and/or decision-making processes. The preliminary results obtained are quite satisfactory as follow: predicting WQI using neural network model (NN) outperforms both the Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and the Support Vector Machine (SVM) based on a mean absolute error (MAE) lower than the two models and predicting WQC using SVM, and ANN models based on accuracy score with SVM returns a favorable accuracy score higher than two others.

关键词： Water resources Water quality Indexes Classification algorithms Support vector machines Linear regression Climate change Predictive models Environmental monitoring Quality assessment Surface treatment

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Cost-Efficient Snubbers for Boost Converters

Cost-Efficient Snubbers for Boost Converters

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Asia-Pacific Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (APEMC)

作者： Yeu-Torng Yau Thanh-Phu. Luu Department of Ph.D. Program Prospective Technology of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9784885523472

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349498

Conventional boost converters operating with hard-switching result in low conversion efficiency and increased electromagnetic interference emissions. In this paper, a cost-efficient passive snubber is proposed with a few additional components: two diodes, one capacitor, and one inductor. Moreover, because these snubber components are not located on the main power processing path, they only require low ratings, resulting in improved cost-effectiveness.

关键词： Snubbers Electromagnetic interference Capacitors Switches Electromagnetic compatibility Inductors

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10-point connector formed by two snap buttons

10-point connector formed by two snap buttons

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IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)

作者： Chang-Ming Yang Shu-Cing Wu Rally Kao Kuo-Cheng Liao Ze-We Wu Shih-Hung Chen Chi-Chun Chen Ming Young Biomedical Corp Miaoli Taiwan Program Prospective Technology of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan Bonanza Biotechnology Co.Ltd Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan Dept. of Electronic Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan

With the rapid advancement of electronic textiles, the design and integration of connectors have emerged as pivotal challenges. This study emphasizes the development of a connection solution that amalgamates miniaturization, efficiency, and reliability, specifically tailored for Flexible Conductive Silicone Circuits. A diversified connection scheme is proposed, incorporating elements such as snaps, Pogo pins, and conductive hook-and-loop fasteners, thereby achieving an innovative and pragmatic design. Through meticulous manufacturing processes, including the utilization of hot-melt adhesive, PET films, conductive fabric, and other multilayer materials, a connection system with low impedance and commendable conductivity was successfully engineered. Impedance test outcomes have indicated that the resistance at each connection point is less than 0.7 ohms, substantiating its superior electrical properties. In terms of assembly, this research demonstrates the precise interconnection of the controller and conductive fabric circuit, ensured by metal pin technology, leading to connection stability. This solution not only furnishes appropriate connection technology for specific application scenarios but also opens new avenues and directions for connection design within the domain of electronic textiles.

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Distinguishing Non-natural from Natural Adversarial Samples for More Robust Pre-trained Language Model

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Wang, Jiayi Bao, Rongzhou Zhang, Zhuosheng Zhao, Hai Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission for Intelligent Interaction and Cognitive Engineering Shanghai200240 China

Recently, the problem of robustness of pretrained language models (PrLMs) has received increasing research interest. Latest studies on adversarial attacks achieve high attack success rates against PrLMs, claiming that PrLMs are not robust. However, we find that the adversarial samples that PrLMs fail are mostly non-natural and do not appear in reality. We question the validity of current evaluation of robustness of PrLMs based on these non-natural adversarial samples and propose an anomaly detector to evaluate the robustness of PrLMs with more natural adversarial samples. We also investigate two applications of the anomaly detector: (1) In data augmentation, we employ the anomaly detector to force generating augmented data that are distinguished as non-natural, which brings larger gains to the accuracy of PrLMs. (2) We apply the anomaly detector to a defense framework to enhance the robustness of PrLMs. It can be used to defend all types of attacks and achieves higher accuracy on both adversarial samples and compliant samples than other defense frameworks. The code is available at https://***/LilyNLP/Distinguishing-Non-Natural. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Network security

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Why Does Knowledge Distillation Work? Rethink its Attention and Fidelity Mechanism

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Guo, Chenqi Zhong, Shiwei Liu, Xiaofeng Feng, Qianli Ma, Yinglong Control and Computer Engineering North China Electric Power University No. 2 Beinong Road Beijing102206 China Amazon 300 Boren Ave N SeattleWA98109 United States Computational Biology and Cognitive Science Laboratory

Does Knowledge Distillation (KD) really work? Conventional wisdom viewed it as a knowledge transfer procedure where a perfect mimicry of the student to its teacher is desired. However, paradoxical studies indicate that closely replicating the teacher's behavior does not consistently improve student generalization, posing questions on its possible causes. Confronted with this gap, we hypothesize that diverse attentions in teachers contribute to better student generalization at the expense of reduced fidelity in ensemble KD setups. Focusing on supervised image classification task, by increasing data augmentation strengths, our key findings reveal a decrease in the Intersection over Union (IoU) of attentions between teacher models, leading to reduced student overfitting and decreased fidelity. We propose this low-fidelity phenomenon as an underlying characteristic rather than a pathology when training KD. This suggests that stronger data augmentation fosters a broader perspective provided by the divergent teacher ensemble and lower student-teacher mutual information, benefiting generalization performance. We further demonstrate that even optimization towards logits-matching between teachers and student can hardly mitigate this low-fidelity effect. These insights clarify the mechanism on low-fidelity phenomenon in KD. Thus, we offer new perspectives on optimizing student model performance, by emphasizing increased diversity in teacher attentions and reduced mimicry behavior between teachers and student. Codes are available at https://***/zisci2/RethinkKD © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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Iterative Morphological Training Set Decomposition for Endoscopic Tool Segmentation

Iterative Morphological Training Set Decomposition for Endos...

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IEEE/ASME (AIM) International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics

作者： Yicheng Zhu Xiaoyi Wu Sylvia Tan Cuiling Sun Sulagna Saha Yun-Hsuan Su Kevin Huang Picker Engineering Program 100 Green Street Smith College Northampton MA USA Department of Computer Science 50 College St Mount Holyoke College South Hadley MA USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350355369

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355376

This paper proposes a modified method for training tool segmentation networks for endoscopic images by parsing training images into two disjoint sets: one for rectangular representations of endoscopic images and one for polar. Previous work [1], [2] demonstrated that certain endoscopic images may be better segmented by a U-Net network trained on the original rectangular representation of images alone, and others performed better with polar representations. This work extends that observation to the training images and seeks to intelligently decompose the aggregate training data into disjoint image sets — one ideal for training a network to segment original, rectangular endoscopic images and the other for training a polar segmentation network. The training set decomposition consists of three stages: (1) initial data split and models, (2) image reallocation and transition mechanisms with retraining, and (3) evaluation. In (2), two separate frameworks for parsing polar vs. rectangular training images were investigated, with three switching metrics utilized in both. Experiments comparatively evaluated the segmentation performance (via Sørenson Dice coefficient) of the in-group and out-of-group images between the set-decomposed models. Results are encouraging, showing improved aggregate in-group Dice scores as well as image sets trending towards convergence.

关键词： Training Measurement Image segmentation Minimally invasive surgery Mechatronics Aggregates Training data

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Infrastructure-Free Smartphone Indoor Localization Using Room Acoustic Responses 21

Infrastructure-Free Smartphone Indoor Localization Using Roo...

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19th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems, SenSys 2021

作者： Guo, Dongfang Luo, Wenjie Gu, Chaojie Wu, Yuting Song, Qun Yan, Zhenyu Tan, Rui Singtel Cognitive and Artificial Intelligence Lab for Enterprises Nanyang Technological University Singapore College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University China ERI-N IGS School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Information Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9781450390972

Smartphone indoor location awareness is increasingly demanded by a variety of mobile applications. The existing solutions for accurate smartphone indoor localization rely on additional devices or pre-installed infrastructure (e.g., dense WiFi access points, Bluetooth beacons). In this demo, we present EchoLoc, an infrastructure-free smartphone indoor localization system using room acoustic response to a chirp emitted by the phone. EchoLoc consists of a mobile client for echo data collection and a cloud server hosting a deep neural network for location inference. EchoLoc achieves 95% accuracy in recognizing 101 locations in a large public indoor space and a median localization error of 0.5 m in a typical lab area. Demo video is available at https://***/5si0Cq6LzT4. © 2021 Owner/Author.

关键词： Smartphones

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Automated classification of renal tumors on ultrasound images using deep neural network

Automated classification of renal tumors on ultrasound image...

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International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing (EcoDesign)

作者： Wei-Chieh Wu Te-Mei Chiang Zhi-Ren Tsai Program in Artificial Intelligence College of Information and Electrical Engineering Asia University Taichung City Taiwan Department of Radiation Oncology Asia University Hospital Taichung City Taiwan Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering Asia University

ISBN: (数字)9798350363043

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363050

Kidney cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. The major types of malignant renal tumors are renal cell carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma. Although the majority of renal tumors are malignant, up to $20\%$ are benign, most commonly renal cyst and angiomyolipomas. Ultrasound is the most accessible imaging tool in medical practice, but it highly depends on operator skill, which may lead to high false-negative rate in diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to develop a predictive model for the automated classification of renal tumors on ultrasound images using deep neural network. A total of 880 kidney ultrasound images were used for training and testing. Transfer learning was used to the ten Convolution neural network models. The kidney ultrasound images were classified as benign or malignant tumors. The classification performance of the model was evaluated by sensitivity and specificity. The research results show that VGG18 yielded the best performance, with a sensitivity of $79 \%$, and a specificity of $86 \%$.

关键词： Training Ultrasonic imaging Sensitivity Convolution Transfer learning Artificial neural networks Sensitivity and specificity Kidney Cancer Testing

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