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A Comparative Evaluation of the SIR and SEIZ Epidemiological Models to Describe the Diffusion Characteristics of COVID-19 Polarizing Viewpoints on Online Social Networks 58

A Comparative Evaluation of the SIR and SEIZ Epidemiological...

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58th Hawaii International Conference on System sciences, HICSS 2025

作者： Maleki, Maryam Agarwal, Nitin Systems Engineering Program California State University Dominguez Hills United States COSMOS Research Center UA - Little Rock AR United States International Computer Science Institute University of California Berkeley United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780998133188

To understand and characterize the diffusion trends of opposing viewpoints on Twitter (X), we applied two epidemiological models to six datasets related to COVID-19. We compared the results of the SIR (Susceptible, Infected, Recovered) and the SEIZ (Susceptible, Exposed, Infected, Skeptics) epidemiological models. We collected six datasets indicative of polarizing viewpoints related to contentious subjects surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. Three of the datasets fall into an anti-subject hashtag group, and three of the datasets fall into a pro-subject hashtag group. The timeframe of each dataset is from January 1, 2020, to the end of 2021. Our findings demonstrate that while both the SIR and the SEIZ models are able to evaluate the propagation trends of the polarizing viewpoints, the SEIZ model is more accurate with relatively less error compared to the SIR model. This work sets the stage for ultimately leading to the ability to develop methods to prevent the propagation of ideas that lack scientific evidence while promoting the spread of scientifically backed ideas. © 2025 IEEE computer Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tweets

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Porous silicon on paper sensors: Factors affecting biosensing performance 17

Porous silicon on paper sensors: Factors affecting biosensin...

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Frontiers in Biological Detection: From Nanosensors to Systems XVII 2025

作者： An, Huijin Laibinis, Paul E. Locke, Andrea K. Weiss, Sharon M. Interdisciplinary Material Science Program Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Department of Chemistry Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510684249

A paper-based biosensor integrating a functionalized porous silicon (PSi) membrane as the active sensing element for quantifiable protein detection has been developed. For similar short-time exposures to an analyte, improved molecular transport in PSi membranes when on paper leads to larger signal changes compared to traditional PSi films that remain on a silicon substrate. In this work, we discuss controlling the incubation time of the analyte and the overall testing time of the sensor by incorporating different combinations of wicking and absorbent paper beneath the PSi membrane. With this control, the PSi-on-paper sensor platform has the potential to serve as an effective low-cost rapid diagnostic test with highly sensitive, quantitative readout for a wide range of analytes. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Porous silicon

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DISD-Net: A Dynamic Interactive Network with Self-distillation for Cross-subject Multi-modal Emotion Recognition

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Cheng, Cheng Liu, Wenzhe Wang, Xinying Feng, Lin Jia, Ziyu Liaoning Normal University Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience Dalian116029 China Anhui University Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Cognitive Computation Hefei230601 China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province Haikou570228 China Huzhou University School of Information Engineering Huzhou313000 China Dalian University of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Dalian116081 China Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Brainnetome Center Beijing100190 China

Multi-modal Emotion Recognition (MER) has demonstrated competitive performance in affective computing, owing to synthesizing information from diverse modalities. However, many existing approaches still face unresolved challenges, such as: (i) how to learn compact yet representative features from multi-modal data simultaneously, and (ii) how to address differences among subjects and enhance the generalization of the emotion recognition model, given the diverse nature of individual biological signals. To this end, we propose a Dynamic Interactive Network with Self-Distillation (DISD-Net) for cross-subject MER. The DISD-Net incorporates a dynamin interactive module to capture the intra- and inter-modal interactions from multi-modal data. Additionally, to enhance compactness in modal representations, we leverage the soft labels generated by the DISD-Net model as supplemental training guidance. This involves incorporating self-distillation, aiming to transfer the knowledge that the DISD-Net model contains hard and soft labels to each modality. Finally, domain adaptation (DA) is seamlessly integrated into the dynamic interactive and self-distillation components, forming a unified framework to extract subject-invariant multi-modal emotional features. Experimental results indicate that the proposed model achieves a mean accuracy of 75.00% with a standard deviation of 7.68% for the DEAP dataset and a mean accuracy of 65.65% with a standard deviation of 5.08% for the SEED-IV dataset. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： domain adaptation (DA) dynamic interactive Multi-modal Emotion Recognition (MER) self-distillation

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JGC-IAGCL: Fusing joint graph convolution and intent-aware graph contrastive learning for explainable recommendation

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Information Fusion 2025年 123卷

作者： Yang, Zhi Lin, Chuan Qin, Yongbin Huang, Ruizhang Chen, Yanping Qin, Jiwei State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guizhou University Guiyang Guizhou550025 China Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence Engineering Research Center of National Education Ministry College of Computer Science and Technology Guizhou University Guiyang Guizhou550025 China College of Information Science and Engineering Xinjiang University Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi830046 China

Graph contrastive learning (GCL) enhances recommendation accuracy by leveraging self-supervised features to refine node representations from large-scale unlabeled data. Traditional GCL-based recommendation models typically construct contrastive views via graph augmentation (e.g., stochastic node/edge dropout) or embedding-space perturbation, aiming to maximize representation consistency. However, these methods struggle to effectively model and interpret user preferences and consumption intents, limiting explainability and recommendation performance. To address these challenges, we propose JGC-IAGCL (Joint Graph Convolution and Intent-Aware Graph Contrastive Learning), an explainable recommendation framework. JGC-IAGCL integrates joint graph convolution to capture implicit user preferences and employs intent-aware graph contrastive learning to extract explicit user intents from user–item interactions. By fusing these features, our method generates evenly distributed, intent-propensity-aware user/item representations. Theoretical analysis shows that JGC-IAGCL mitigates popularity bias while enhancing the exposure of long-tail items. Extensive experiments on four highly sparse public datasets validate its effectiveness, demonstrating superior recommendation accuracy and improved interpretability. © 2025

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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Enhanced Local Attention with Deep Neural Networks for EEG Decoding 4th

Enhanced Local Attention with Deep Neural Networks for EEG...

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4th International Workshop on Human Brain and Artificial Intelligence, HBAI 2024

作者： Tao, Wei Ye, Jiawo Ieong, Chio-In Wu, Haiyan Wan, Feng Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macau Taipa China Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences Institute of Collaborative Innovation University of Macau Taipa China Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Institute of Collaborative Innovation University of Macau Taipa China Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology Zhuhai China Department of Psychology Faculty of Social Sciences University of Macau Taipa China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819640003

Channel-wise attention mechanisms have significantly improved deep learning-based decoding in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, these methods often fail to fully utilize spatial and temporal dynamics, focusing instead on individual channel enhancements to the detriment of broader EEG signal dynamics. To address these limitations, we introduce the Enhanced Local Attention (ELA) module, seamlessly integrated into deep neural networks that enhances EEG decoding performance. It captures long-range dependencies from deep features across two dimensions through a streamlined architecture. The ELA module employs adaptive 1D convolution for precise localization of spatial and temporal information without reducing dimensions. Additionally, it utilizes group normalization to enhance feature representation by normalizing features across groups. Its lightweight design enables easy integration into existing deep learning frameworks. Comprehensive evaluations on the BCI-IV2b dataset highlight the ELA module’s superior performance. Specifically, it increases the decoding accuracy of EEGNet in the motor imagery task from 81.89% to 85.97%. Furthermore, when integrated with ADFCNN, the ELA module achieves an accuracy of 88.13%, consistently outperforming other state-of-the-art methods. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Observation of Photonic Chiral Flatbands

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Physical Review Letters 2025年第10期134卷 103801-103801页

作者： Minho Choi Andrea Alù Arka Majumdar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA and Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA and Department of Physics University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA

Distinct selectivity to the spin angular momenta of photons has garnered significant attention in recent years, for its relevance in basic science and for imaging and sensing applications. While nonlocal metasurfaces with strong chiral responses to the incident light have been reported, these responses are typically limited to a narrow range of incident angles. In this study, we demonstrate a nonlocal metasurface that showcases strong chirality, characterized by circular dichroism (∼0.6), over a wide range of incident angles ±5°. Its quality factor, circular dichroism and resonant frequency can be optimized by design. These findings pave the way to further advance the development of valley-selective optical cavities and augmented reality applications.

关键词： Natural frequencies

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Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Photovoltaics: Long-Term Stability through Interface engineering

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Energy & Fuels 2025年第22期39卷 10134-10149页

作者： Ahmed A. Said Xiaole Li Esma Ugur Furkan H. Isikgor Jiang Liu Randi Azmi Michele De Bastiani Erkan Aydin Shanshan Zhang Anand S. Subbiah Thomas G. Allen Gilles Lubineau Iain McCulloch Stefaan De Wolf Center for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST) Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Mechanical Engineering Program Physical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Oxford OX1 2JD United Kingdom；Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 United States

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have experienced a rapid increase in power conversion efficiency (PCE) over the past decade, positioning them as strong candidates for next-generation commercial photovoltaics (PVs). Their tunable bandgap makes them ideal for tandem configurations, especially when coupled with crystalline silicon (Si) bottom cells; this combination offers the potential to exceed the PCE limits of single-junction devices and is arguably essential for successful market entry of perovskite technologies. However, commercialization of perovskite/Si tandems also demands enhanced durability and reliable integration into PV modules, withstanding long-term outdoor exposure. Besides light, temperature, and voltage bias stress, difficulties to overcome involve the mechanical stability and performance of the interfaces within tandem devices, which may degrade over time under real-world operating conditions. This review explores the critical role of interface engineering in addressing these challenges, reviewing the latest advancements in interface materials, encapsulation strategies, and novel integration techniques. By identification of the critical issues and adequate solutions, this paper provides a vision for the future of perovskite/Si tandem solar cells, emphasizing the importance of advanced manufacturing techniques and interdisciplinary research but also policy support.

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Joint Source Decomposition of Concurrent EEG-FMRI Data in Epilepsy and Control Groups

Joint Source Decomposition of Concurrent EEG-FMRI Data in Ep...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： J. Mason Harding Haatef Pourmotabbed Yamin Li Kimberly Rogge-Obando Kate Wang Sarah E. Goodale Shiyu Wang Camden Bibro Bergen Allee Caroline Martin Victoria L. Morgan Dario J. Englot Catie Chang Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University Department of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt University Department of Computer Science Vanderbilt University Neuroscience Graduate Program Vanderbilt University Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Neurological Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Radiology Vanderbilt University Medical Center

ISBN: (数字)9798331520526

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520533

EEG and fMRI are complementary, noninvasive technologies for investigating human brain function. These modalities have been used to uncover large-scale functional networks and their disruptions in clinical populations. Given the high temporal resolution of EEG and high spatial resolution of fMRI, integrating these modalities can provide a more holistic understanding of brain activity. This work explores a multimodal source decomposition technique for extracting shared modes of temporal variation between fMRI BOLD signals and EEG spectral power fluctuations in the resting state. The resulting components are then compared between patients with focal epilepsy and controls, revealing multimodal network differences between groups.

关键词： Neuroimaging Brain Fluctuations Epilepsy Functional magnetic resonance imaging Electroencephalography Pattern recognition Hemodynamics Spatial resolution Signal resolution

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Activating Associative Disease-Aware Vision Token Memory for LLM-Based X-ray Report Generation

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Xiao Wang, Fuling Wang, Haowen Jiang, Bo Li, Chuanfu Wang, Yaowei Tian, Yonghong Tang, Jin Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui University Hefei230601 China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Cognitive Computation Anhui University Hefei230601 China School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University Hefei230601 China The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Hefei230022 China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen China National Engineering Laboratory for Video Technology School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Beijing China

X-ray image based medical report generation achieves significant progress in recent years with the help of the large language model, however, these models have not fully exploited the effective information in visual image regions, resulting in reports that are linguistically sound but insufficient in describing key diseases. In this paper, we propose a novel associative memory-enhanced X-ray report generation model that effectively mimics the process of professional doctors writing medical reports. It considers both the mining of global and local visual information and associates historical report information to better complete the writing of the current report. Specifically, given an X-ray image, we first utilize a classification model along with its activation maps to accomplish the mining of visual regions highly associated with diseases and the learning of disease query tokens. Then, we employ a visual Hopfield network to establish memory associations for disease-related tokens, and a report Hopfield network to retrieve report memory information. This process facilitates the generation of high-quality reports based on a large language model and achieves state-of-the-art performance on multiple benchmark datasets, including the IU X-ray, MIMIC-CXR, and Chexpert Plus. The source code of this work is released on https://***/Event-AHU/Medical_Image_Analysis. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Associative storage

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Development of Flexible Sendust Composite Sheets with Enhanced Magnetic Permeability for Microwave Absorbers and Antennas

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IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 2025年

作者： Whalen, Matthew P. Plouff, David T. Shevchenko, Nicholas B. Mirotznik, Mark Xiao, John Q. University of Delaware Quantum Science and Engineering Program NewarkDE19716 United States University of Delaware Department of Physics and Astronomy NewarkDE19716 United States University of Delaware Center for Composite Materials NewarkDE19716 United States University of Delaware Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering NewarkDE19716 United States

The demand for high-frequency soft magnetic composites with elevated permeability and flexibility is growing for applications in microwave absorbers and magnetodielectric antennas. However, balancing high permeability with mechanical flexibility remains challenging. This study presents flexible Sendust (FeSiAl) composite sheets, fabricated with a hot-pressing technique that aligns flakes within an acrylic rubber and epoxy resin matrix. The alignment significantly enhances relative permeability at high frequencies, achieving single-layer film properties of μr' = 14.8 and μr"= 20.4 at 1 GHz, alongside high saturation magnetization (118 eμg) and high hesitivity (44.7 kΩ m-1), outperforming commonly used materials such as NiZn ferrite. Our method supports customizable thickness without sacrificing permeability, establishing a versatile platform for advanced conformal microwave absorber and antenna applications. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Saturation magnetization

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