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Expanding chiral metamaterials for retrieving fingerprints via vibrational circular dichroism

Light(science & Applications) 2023年第7期12卷 1401-1414页

作者： Cheng Xu Zhihao Ren Hong Zhou Jingkai Zhou Chong Pei Ho Nan Wang Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore Center for Inteligent Sensors and MEMS(CISM) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117608Singapore institute of Microelectronics(IME) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 138634Singapore NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering Program(ISEP) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore

Circular dichroism(CD)spectroscopy has been widely demonstrated for detecting chiral ***,the determination of chiral mixtures with various concentrations and enantiomeric ratios can be a challenging *** solve this problem,we report an enhanced vibrational circular dichroism(VCD)sensing platform based on plasmonic chiral metamaterials,which presents a 6-magnitude signal enhancement with a selectivity of chiral *** by coupled-mode theory,we leverage both in-plane and out-of-plane symmetry-breaking structures for chiral metamaterial design enabled by a two-step lithography process,which increases the near-field coupling strengths and varies the ratio between absorption and radiation loss,resulting in improved chiral light-matter interaction and enhanced molecular VCD ***,we demonstrate the thin-film sensing process of BSA andβ-lactoglobulin proteins,which contain secondary structures a-helix andβ-sheet and achieve a limit of detection down to zeptomole ***,we also,for the first time,explore the potential of enhanced VCD spectroscopy by demonstrating a selective sensing process of chiral mixtures,where the mixing ratio can be successfully differentiated with our proposed chiral *** findings improve the sensing signal of molecules and expand the extractable information,paving the way toward label-free,compact,small-volume chiral molecule detection for stereochemical and clinical diagnosisapplications.

关键词： chiral vibrational circular

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Semi-analytical finite element method applied for characterizing micropolar fibrous composites

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第12期45卷 2147-2164页

作者： J.A.OTERO Y.ESPINOSA-ALMEYDA R.RODRIGUEZ-RAMOS J.MERODIO School of Engineering and Sciences Monterrey Institute of TechnologyEstado de Mexico 52926Mexico Institute of Engineering and Technology Autonomous University of Ciudad JuarezCiudad JuarezChihuahua 32310Mexico Postgraduate Program in Computational Modeling in Science and Technology Federal Fluminense UniversityRıo de Janeiro 27255-125Brazil Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of HavanaLa Habana 10400Cuba Department of Mathematics Applied to ICT School of Informatics Systems EngineeringTechnical University of MadridMadrid 28031Spain

A semi-analytical finite element method(SAFEM),based on the two-scale asymptotic homogenization method(AHM)and the finite element method(FEM),is implemented to obtain the effective properties of two-phase fiber-reinforced composites(FRCs).The fibers are periodically distributed and unidirectionally aligned in a homogeneous *** framework addresses the static linear elastic micropolar problem through partial differential equations,subject to boundary conditions and perfect interface contact *** mathematical formulation of the local problems and the effective coefficients are presented by the *** local problems obtained from the AHM are solved by the FEM,which is denoted as the *** numerical results are provided,and the accuracy of the solutions is analyzed,indicating that the formulas and results obtained with the SAFEM may serve as the reference points for validating the outcomes of experimental and numerical computations.

关键词： semi-analytical approach fiber-reinforced composite(FRC) effective property finite element method(FEM) asymptotic homogenization method(AHM) micropolar elasticity

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Development of Character Recognition Model Inspired by Visual Explanations

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第3期5卷 1362-1372页

作者： Ralekar, Chetan Choudhary, Shubham Gandhi, Tapan Kumar Chaudhury, Santanu Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology New Delhi110016 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur342030 India

Deep neural networks (DNNs) currently constitute the best-performing artificial vision systems. However, humans are still better at recognizing many characters, especially distorted, ornamental, or calligraphic characters compared with the highly sophisticated recognitionmodels. Understanding themechanism of character recognition by humans may give some cues for building better recognition models. However, the appropriate methodological approach to using these cues has not been much explored for developing character recognition models. Therefore, this paper tries to understand the process of character recognition by humans and DNNs by generating visual explanations for their respective decisions. We have used eye tracking to assay the spatial distribution of information hotspots for humans via fixation maps. We have proposed a gradient-based method for visualizing the reasoning behind the model's decision through visualization maps and have proved that our method is better than the other class activation mapping methods. Qualitative comparison between visualization maps and fixation maps reveals that both model and humans focus on similar regions in character in the case of correctly classified characters. However, when the focused regions are different for humans and model, the characters are typically misclassified by the latter. Hence, we propose to use the fixation maps as a supervisory input to train the model that ultimately results in improved recognition performance and better generalization. As the proposedmodel gives some insights about the reasoning behind its decision, it can find applications in fields, such as surveillance and medical applications, where explainability helps to determine system fidelity. Impact Statement-Humans and DNNs rely on selective information uptake while classifying a character. This information selection strategy can be understood by visualizing the important, informative character regions that ultimately govern the decision o

关键词： Visualization

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Semantic-Aware Dual Contrastive Learning for Multi-Label Image Classification 26

Semantic-Aware Dual Contrastive Learning for Multi-Label Ima...

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26th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2023

作者： Ma, Leilei Sun, Dengdi Wang, Lei Zhao, Haifeng Luo, Bin School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University China School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui University China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Cognitive Computing Anhui University China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center China

ISBN: (纸本)9781643684369

Extracting image semantics effectively and assigning corresponding labels to multiple objects or attributes for natural images is challenging due to the complex scene contents and confusing label dependencies. Recent works have focused on modeling label relationships with graph and understanding object regions using class activation maps (CAM). However, these methods ignore the complex intra- and inter-category relationships among specific semantic features, and CAM is prone to generate noisy information. To this end, we propose a novel semantic-aware dual contrastive learning framework that incorporates sample-to-sample contrastive learning (SSCL) as well as prototype-to-sample contrastive learning (PSCL). Specifically, we leverage semantic-aware representation learning to extract category-related local discriminative features and construct category prototypes. Then based on SSCL, label-level visual representations of the same category are aggregated together, and features belonging to distinct categories are separated. Meanwhile, we construct a novel PSCL module to narrow the distance between positive samples and category prototypes and push negative samples away from the corresponding category prototypes. Finally, the discriminative label-level features related to the image content are accurately captured by the joint training of the above three parts. Experiments on five challenging large-scale public datasets demonstrate that our proposed method is effective and outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. Code and supplementary materials are released on https://***/yu-gi-oh-leilei/SADCL. © 2023 The Authors.

关键词： Image classification

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Selecting between visuomotor lotteries to measure mental effort in risky decisions 44

Selecting between visuomotor lotteries to measure mental eff...

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44th Annual Meeting of the cognitive science Society: cognitive Diversity, CogSci 2022

作者： Mehrotra, Samarth Srivastava, Nisheeth Department of Cognitive Science IIT Kanpur India Department of Computer Sciencee and Engineering IIT Kanpur India

It is intuitive to believe that humans take considerations of mental effort into account when making decisions. However, it has proved difficult to differentiate theories of mental effort in the absence of direct measurements of this psychological construct. Existing measurements of mental effort using response times and revealed preferences have low reliability. In this paper, we present a new experimental task - selecting between visuomotor lotteries using eye-tracking for sampling lotteries - that enables direct measurement of mental effort. Unlike response time-based measures, effort measurements in this task are not confounded by actual effort allocation. Unlike revealed preference-based measures, effort measurements in this task are acquired on a natural scale unitized by automatic visual selection processes. We also report results from a simple experiment conducted using this task, which reproduce existing findings of costly effort-aversion, and also demonstrate adaptive adjustment of mental effort. © 2022 The Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY)

关键词： Decision making

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Enhanced Diagnosis of Schizophrenia Using Integrated Node Embedding and Causal Discovery on Imbalanced fMRI Data 10

Enhanced Diagnosis of Schizophrenia Using Integrated Node Em...

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10th International Conference on Signal Processing and Intelligent Systems, ICSPIS 2024

作者： Sabzevar, Sina Masoudnia, Saeed Araabi, Babak N Nazemzadeh, MohammadReza Tavakoli, Hosna University of Tehran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tehran Iran Monash University Department of Neuroscience Melbourne Australia Institute of Cognitive Science Studies Computational and Artificial Intelligence Department Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798331532543

This study introduces a novel diagnostic method for schizophrenia using causal discovery and node embedding techniques on resting-state fMRI data. Data from 148 subjects (27 schizophrenia patients, 121 healthy controls) were analyzed across 116 brain regions, applying several causal discovery techniques to assess directional connectivity and uncover schizophrenia-related patterns. By combining advanced causal discovery with node embedding techniques and a rigorous data-balancing pipeline, our method improves sensitivity to subtle network variations critical for schizophrenia diagnosis. Our approach addresses key challenges in the literature: the difficulty of extracting effective neurobiological markers from noisy and complex fMRI data, the limited interpretability of connectivity networks, and the imbalance in datasets that often skews classification performance. Experimental results demonstrate the pipeline's effectiveness in overcoming imbalanced data challenges and extracting features from noisy and complex data, with Regression Dynamic Causal Modeling (RDCM) achieving the highest classification metrics, including 90.06% accuracy and 89.09% sensitivity. This method identified 15 brain regions with strong diagnostic potential, offering improved sensitivity and specificity for schizophrenia diagnosis Compared to contemporary domain techniques. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Diseases

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Sentiment Analysis: Indonesia Netflix User's Comment Using Multiple Lexicon-Based Dictionaries 4

Sentiment Analysis: Indonesia Netflix User's Comment Using M...

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4th International Conference on Intelligent Cybernetics Technology and Applications, ICICyTA 2024

作者： Mola, Sebastianus Adi Santoso Widiastuti, Tiwuk Roma, Rosa V. K. Isabela Ohe Karnyoto, Andrea Stevens Pardamean, Bens University of Nusa Cendana Faculty of Science and Engineering Kupang Indonesia Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506490

A subscription movie streaming service from the United States, Netflix, has been present in Indonesia since 2016 and provides a wide variety of films without showing any single advertisements that can be viewed from anywhere, as long as there is access to the internet. Despite these advantages, many users have complained through the Google Play Store's comments column. Some of the common complaints include frequent buffering and connectivity issues, dissatisfaction with the limited selection of Indonesian movies, lack of subtitles for specific languages, or pricing concerns have also been raised. In this study developed two combined scenario methods using the InSet and SentiStrength-id dictionary to obtain better performance and compare them against independent InSet and SentiStrength-id. This study collected users' comments for the Netflix app in the Google Play Store as a dataset using web scraping techniques through the Google Collaboration tool. The dataset contains 3250 rows spanning the period from January 22, 2024, through June 6, 2024. To ensure proper processing of the text, data cleaning, lowercasing, normalization, tokenization, stemming, and stopwords removal are conducted. The results show that most user opinions are negative. The InSet dictionary has an accuracy of 92%, SentiStrength-id 78%, Combined scenario 1 is 87%, and scenario 2 reaches the highest among others which is 92.52%. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Video streaming

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AlexNet Architecture Based Convolution Neural Network for Realtime Audio to Text Translator of Bisindo Hand Sign

AlexNet Architecture Based Convolution Neural Network for Re...

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2023 International Seminar on Application for Technology of Information and Communication, iSemantic 2023

作者： Sujatmiko, Dhiki Sari, Christy Atika Rachmawanto, Eko Hari Krismawan, Andi Danang Altamer, Bilal R. Alkhafaji, Mohamed Ayad University of Dian Nuswantoro Study Program in Informatics Engineering Semarang Indonesia University of Dian Nuswantoro Study Program in Animation Semarang Indonesia Mosul University Presidency University of Mosul Department of Computer Science Mosul Iraq National University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science DhiQar Iraq

ISBN: (纸本)9798350339215

Deafness is a condition that results in the loss of hearing function, hindering the reception of information such as oral communication that relies on auditory senses. Consequently, individuals with hearing impairment experience communication barriers and may have limited or no ability to respond. One solution is the use of sign language. In Indonesia, there are two known sign languages: Sibi and Bisindo. Both serve the same function but differ in their style of movement and expression. Bisindo is considered more flexible as it conveys meaning based on the Indonesian language. However, the universal understanding of this language solution is still limited among many people. Therefore, a program is needed to facilitate translation between deaf individuals who use sign language and their counterparts who do not communicate through sign language. CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) is a deep learning algorithm used for training visual input data recognition by computer systems. There are various CNN-based architectures, and one of them is AlexNet. Based on the author's testing, the AlexNet architecture proves to be suitable for real-time sign language translation. The evaluation of the system involved 7,800 datasets and 520 testing instances, with an average accuracy of 468 correct translations. When averaged, the system achieved a 90% accuracy rate, representing a 100% increase in accuracy compared to previous approaches. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Audition

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Graph neural networks for image-guided disease diagnosis:A review

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iRADIOLOGY 2023年第2期1卷 151-166页

作者： Lin Zhang Yan Zhao Tongtong Che Shuyu Li Xiuying Wang The School of Computer Science The University of SydneyDarlingtonNew South WalesAustralia School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina

Medical imaging is playing an increasingly crucial role in disease *** deep learning-based methods have been developed for imageguided automatic disease *** of the methods have harnessed conventional convolutional neural networks,which are directly applied in the regular image ***,some irregular spatial patterns revealed in medical images are also critical to disease diagnosis,since they can describe latent relations in different image regions of a subject(e.g.,different focal lesions in an image)or between different groups(e.g.,Alzheimer's disease and healthy control).Therefore,how to exploit and analyze irregular spatial patterns and their relations has become a research challenge in the field of imageguided disease *** address this challenge,graph neural networks(GNNs)are proposed to perform the convolution operation on *** can naturally represent irregular spatial *** of their ability to aggregate node features,edge features,and graph structure information to capture and learn hidden spatial patterns in irregular structures,GNN-based algorithms have achieved promising results in the detection of various *** this paper,we introduce commonly used GNN-based algorithms and systematically review their applications to disease *** summarize the workflow of GNN-based applications in disease diagnosis,ranging from localizing the regions of interest and edge construction to ***,we discuss the limitations and outline potential research directions for GNNs in disease diagnosis.

关键词： graph neural networks review disease diagnosis medical imaging

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Toward Learning Factory for Industry 4.0: Virtual Reality (VR) for Learning Human–Robot Collaboration 1

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International Conference on Innovative Technologies in Intelligent Systems and Industrial Applications, CITISIA 2022

作者： Ariansyah, Dedy Colombo, Giorgio Pardamean, Bens Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Centre Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Politecnico di Milano Milan20156 Italy Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Master of Computer Science Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9783031290787

ISBN: (纸本)9783031290770

Industry 4.0 will bring not only transformation to the manufacturing technologies but also to the profile of the workforce. Education system should be revised to prepare the future graduates embracing the knowledge of the ongoing revolution. Initiatives on the modification of curriculum and tools to deliver the concepts of Industry 4.0 must be taken. This paper examines limitations of current engineering tools and proposes a virtual reality (VR)-based learning platform to support the teaching and learning activity for Industry 4.0, focusing on the design of Human–robot Collaboration (HRC). The development process began with the identification of the general Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs) which were extracted from the review of the HRC design issues, followed by the evaluation of the current teaching tool. From these results, the new requirements of the tools to achieve ILOs are redefined. The implementation of the system is demonstrated to show the feasibility of the proposed learning platform. This workflow can serve as initial development of another learning platform for the other innovative concepts that form the building blocks of Industry 4.0. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.

关键词： Industry 4.0

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