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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Yang, Yufeng Taherian, Hassan Kalkhorani, Vahid Ahmadi Wang, DeLiang Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University United States Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences The Ohio State University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Despite the tremendous success of automatic speech recognition (ASR) with the introduction of deep learning, its performance is still unsatisfactory in many real-world multi-talker scenarios. Speaker separation excels in separating individual talkers but, as a frontend, it introduces processing artifacts that degrade the ASR backend trained on clean speech. As a result, mainstream robust ASR systems train on noisy speech to avoid processing artifacts. In this work, we propose to decouple the training of the multi-channel speaker separation frontend and the ASR backend, with the latter trained only on clean speech. On SMS-WSJ, the proposed approach achieves a word error rate (WER) of 5.74%, outperforming the previous best by 14.3%. Furthermore, on recorded LibriCSS, we achieve the speaker-attributed WER of 3.86%, outperforming the previous best system trained on the same data by 24.8%. These state-of-the-art results suggest that decoupling speech separation and recognition is a potentially effective approach to robust ASR. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： LibriCSS multi-channel robust ASR SMS-WSJ speaker separation

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Variable-Length Feedback Codes Over Known and Unknown Channels With Non-Vanishing Error Probabilities

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IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 2025年第5期71卷 3271-3286页

作者： Yavas, Recep Can Tan, Vincent Y. F. Descartes Program CNRS@CREATE 138602 Singapore National University of Singapore Department of Computer Science Queenstown 117417 Singapore National University of Singapore Department of Mathematics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queenstown 119077 Singapore

We study variable-length feedback (VLF) codes with noiseless feedback for discrete memoryless channels. We present a novel non-asymptotic bound, which analyzes the average error probability and average decoding time of our modified Yamamoto-Itoh scheme. We then optimize the parameters of our code in the asymptotic regime where the average error probability ∈ remains a constant as the average decoding time N approaches infinity. Our second-order achievability bound is an improvement of Polyanskiy et al.’s (2011) achievability bound. We also develop a universal VLF code that does not rely on the knowledge of the underlying channel parameters. Our universal VLF code employs the empirical mutual information as its decoding metric and universalizes the code by Polyanskiy et al. (2011). We derive a second-order achievability bound for universal VLF codes. Our results for both VLF and universal VLF codes are extended to the additive white Gaussian noise channel with an average power constraint. The former yields an improvement over Truong and Tan’s (2017) achievability bound. The proof of our results for universal VLF codes uses a refined version of the method of types and an asymptotic expansion from the nonlinear renewal theory literature. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： White noise

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Attention-Driven Emotion Recognition in EEG: A Transformer-Based Approach With Cross-Dataset Fine-Tuning

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 69369-69394页

作者： Ghous, Ghulam Najam, Shaheryar Alshehri, Mohammed Alshahrani, Abdulmonem AlQahtani, Yahya Jalal, Ahmad Liu, Hui Riphah International University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Islamabad44000 Pakistan Bahria University Department of Electrical Engineering Islamabad44000 Pakistan King Khalid University Department of Computer Science Abha61421 Saudi Arabia King Khalid University Department of Informatics and Computer Systems Abha61421 Saudi Arabia Air University Faculty of Computer Science and AI Islamabad44000 Pakistan Korea University College of Informatics Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul02841 Korea Republic of University of Bremen Cognitive Systems Laboratory Bremen28359 Germany Guodian Nanjing Automation Company Ltd. Nanjing210032 China

Emotion recognition from EEG (electroencephalogram) signals is crucial in mental health diagnostics and human-computer interaction but is often hindered by high dimensionality, noise, and complex temporal dependencies in the data. This paper presents a novel approach that integrates transformer models, attention mechanisms, and transfer learning to enhance emotion recognition accuracy from EEG signals. The proposed methodology consists of two phases: Attention Enhanced Base Model Development (AE-BMD) and Cross-Dataset Fine Tuning Adaptation (CD-FTA). In the AE-BMD phase, the base model is developed and trained on the SEED-IV dataset (15 participants, 62 EEG channels), achieving an accuracy of 84%, with an average precision of 84.75%, recall of 84% and F1-score of 84%. This phase employs optimized feature extraction from key EEG frequency bands (Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta, Gamma) using techniques such as MFCC, GFCC, power spectral density, and Hjorth parameters. A transformer encoder with integrated spectral and temporal attention mechanisms captures intricate patterns and long-range dependencies within the EEG signals. In the CD-FTA phase, the model undergoes fine-tuning on the SEED-V dataset (20 participants, 62 channels) leading to an improved accuracy of 90%, with an average precision of 90.6%, recall of 90.6%, and F1-score of 90.6%. The model’s generalization is further validated on the MPED dataset (23 participants, 62 channels, seven emotion classes), achieving 79%, with an average precision of 79.3%, recall of 79.3% and F1-score of 79.1% across diverse emotional states. This cross-dataset adaptation leverages transfer learning to enhance the model’s generalization across different emotional states and EEG datasets. Experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms traditional methods, achieving superior accuracy and robustness in emotion recognition tasks. This work advances emotion recognition systems by addressing challenges in EEG signal proc

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Comments on a Key Agreement Scheme for the V2G System 14th

Comments on a Key Agreement Scheme for the V2G System

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14th International Conference on Frontier Computing, FC 2024

作者： Chang, Ya-Fen Chang, Wen-Ting Tai, Wei-Liang Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taichung University of Science and Technology Taichung Taiwan Bachelor Degree Program of Artificial Intelligence National Taichung University of Science and Technology Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819623945

Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology supporting bidirectional power transfer allows electric vehicles (EVs) to contribute and consume energy bidirectionally. Because the specific properties and requirements of V2G, Khan et al. proposed a key agreement scheme for the V2G system to ensure the security of communication between a vehicle user and the grid server. However, after analyzing Khan et al.’s scheme, we find that it suffers from some flaws such that it cannot ensure anonymity, resist impersonation attack, man-in-the-middle attack and denial-of-service attack, and work as expected. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Anonymity

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Visual moral inference and communication

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhu, Warren Ramezani, Aida Xu, Yang Department of Computer Science University of Toronto Canada Department of Computer Science Cognitive Science Program University of Toronto Canada

Humans can make moral inferences from multiple sources of input. In contrast, automated moral inference in artificial intelligence typically relies on language models with textual input. However, morality is conveyed through modalities beyond language. We present a computational framework that supports moral inference from natural images, demonstrated in two related tasks: 1) inferring human moral judgment toward visual images and 2) analyzing patterns in moral content communicated via images from public news. We find that models based on text alone cannot capture the fine-grained human moral judgment toward visual stimuli, but language-vision fusion models offer better precision in visual moral inference. Furthermore, applications of our framework to news data reveal implicit biases in news categories and geopolitical discussions. Our work creates avenues for automating visual moral inference and discovering patterns of visual moral communication in public media. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： computer vision

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Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency of Expired Pharmaceuticals: Model Development and Application

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Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 2025年第1期11卷 1-12页

作者： Putra, Dzaki Asari Surya Ardyansyah, Nibras Bahy Putranto, Nicholaus Verdhy Trisnapradika, Gustina Alfa Akrom, Muhamad Rustad, Supriadi Dipojono, Hermawan Kresno Maezono, Ryo Faculty of Computer Science Study Program in Informatics Engineering Universitas Dian Nuswantoro Semarang50131 Indonesia Research Center for Materials Informatics Faculty of Computer Science Universitas Dian Nuswantoro Semarang50131 Indonesia Quantum and Nano Technologies Research Group Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia School of Information Science Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Ishikawa923-1292 Japan

Corrosion poses a significant challenge in industries due to material degradation and high maintenance costs, making effective inhibitors essential. Recent studies suggest expired pharmaceuticals as alternative corrosion inhibitors, but identifying the most efficient compounds can be time-consuming. This study applies machine learning models, particularly Gradient Boosting Regressor (GBR), to predict corrosion inhibition efficiency (CIE). The developed model is integrated into a web-based application, enabling real-time, accurate CIE predictions. Results show GBR as the more precise model for predicting CIE, with low error rates. The streamlit-based web application offers a user-friendly platform, facilitating quick identification of suitable inhibitors. It is flexible, supporting analysis beyond corrosion inhibitors, and significantly enhances the efficiency of the evaluation process. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Ecology, Spatial Structure, and Selection Pressure Induce Strong Signatures in Phylogenetic Structure

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Artificial life 2025年第2期31卷 129-152页

作者： Moreno, Matthew Andres Rodriguez-Papa, Santiago Dolson, Emily University of Michigan Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Center for the Study of Complex Systems Michigan Institute for Data and AI in Society Michigan State University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Michigan State University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Program in Ecology Evolution Behavior

Evolutionary dynamics are shaped by a variety of fundamental, generic drivers, including spatial structure, ecology, and selection pressure. These drivers impact the trajectory of evolution and have been hypothesized to influence phylogenetic structure. For instance, they can help explain natural history, steer behavior of contemporary evolving populations, and influence the efficacy of application-oriented evolutionary optimization. Likewise, in inquiry-oriented Artificial Life systems, these drivers constitute key building blocks for open-ended evolution. Here we set out to assess (a) if spatial structure, ecology, and selection pressure leave detectable signatures in phylogenetic structure;(b) the extent, in particular, to which ecology can be detected and discerned in the presence of spatial structure;and (c) the extent to which these phylogenetic signatures generalize across evolutionary systems. To this end, we analyze phylogenies generated by manipulating spatial structure, ecology, and selection pressure within three computational models of varied scope and sophistication. We find that selection pressure, spatial structure, and ecology have characteristic effects on phylogenetic metrics, although these effects are complex and not always intuitive. Signatures have some consistency across systems when using equivalent taxonomic unit definitions (e.g., individual, genotype, species). Furthermore, we find that sufficiently strong ecology can be detected in the presence of spatial structure. We also find that, while low-resolution phylogenetic reconstructions can bias some phylogenetic metrics, high-resolution reconstructions recapitulate them faithfully. Although our results suggest a potential for evolutionary inference of spatial structure, ecology, and selection pressure through phylogenetic analysis, further methods development is needed to distinguish these drivers' phylometric signatures from each other and to appropriately normalize phylogenetic metrics.

关键词： agent-based simulation Artificial Life Ecology evolution evolutionary dynamics phylogenetic analysis phylogeny metrics

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A General Framework for Clustering and Distribution Matching with Bandit Feedback

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IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 2025年第3期71卷 2116-2139页

作者： Yavas, Recep Can Huang, Yuqi Tan, Vincent Y. F. Scarlett, Jonathan CNRS@CREATE DesCartes Program CREATE Tower 138602 Singapore National University of Singapore Department of Computer Science Queenstown119077 Singapore National University of Singapore School of Computing Department of Information Systems and Analytics Queenstown119077 Singapore National University of Singapore Department of Mathematics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Queenstown119077 Singapore Institute of Data Science National University of Singapore Department of Computer Science The Department of Mathematics Queenstown119077 Singapore

We develop a general framework for clustering and distribution matching problems with bandit feedback. We consider a K-armed bandit model where some subset of K arms is partitioned into M groups. Within each group, the random variable associated to each arm follows the same distribution on a finite alphabet. At each time step, the decision maker pulls an arm and observes its outcome from the random variable associated to that arm. Subsequent arm pulls depend on the history of arm pulls and their outcomes. The decision maker has no knowledge of the distributions of the arms or the underlying partitions. The task is to devise an online algorithm to learn the underlying partition of arms with the least number of arm pulls on average and with an error probability not exceeding a pre-determined value δ. Several existing problems fall under our general framework, including finding M pairs of arms, odd arm identification, and N-ary clustering of K arms belong to our general framework. We derive a non-asymptotic lower bound on the average number of arm pulls for any online algorithm with an error probability not exceeding δ. Furthermore, we develop a computationally-efficient online algorithm based on the Track-and-Stop method and Frank-Wolfe algorithm, and show that the average number of arm pulls of our algorithm asymptotically matches that of the lower bound. Our refined analysis also uncovers a novel bound on the speed at which the average number of arm pulls of our algorithm converges to the fundamental limit as δ vanishes. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Random variables

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Generalized Two-Point Visual Control Model of Human Steering for Accurate State Estimation1

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ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control 2025年第1期5卷 011004页

作者： Mai, Rene E. Sears, Katherine Roessling, Grace Julius, Agung Mishra, Sandipan Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Department of Cognitive Science Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States

We derive and validate a generalization of the two-point visual control model, an accepted cognitive science model for human steering behavior. The generalized model is needed as current steering models are either insufficiently accurate or too complex for online state estimation. We demonstrate that the generalized model replicates specific human steering behavior with high precision (85% reduction in modeling error) and integrate this model into a human-as-advisor framework where human steering inputs are used for state estimation. As a benchmark study, we use this framework to decipher ambiguous lane markings represented by biased lateral position measurements. We demonstrate that, with the generalized model, the state estimator can accurately estimate the true vehicle state, providing lateral state estimates with under 0.15 m error across participants. However, without the generalized model, the estimator cannot accurately estimate the vehicle's lateral state. © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Man machine systems

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TaxDiff: taxonomic-guided diffusion model for protein sequence generation

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 385-386页

作者： Zongying LIN Hao LI Liuzhenghao LV Yu WANG Bin LIN Junwu ZHANG Zijun CHEN Calvin Yu-Chian CHEN Li YUAN Yonghong TIAN School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University AI for Science (AI4S)-Preferred Program Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Peng Cheng Laboratory School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology Peking University

Protein design aims to generate protein variants with targeted biological functions, which is significant in multiple biological areas, including enzyme reaction catalysis, vaccine design, and fluorescence intensity. Protein design contains two paradigms: sequence generation and structure generation. Recently, EvoDiff [1] proposed a universal designing paradigm, combining structure and sequence generation using the diffusion framework, which improves the protein design efficiency.

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