Condensed-matter systems that simultaneously exhibit superconductivity and ferromagnetism are rare due the antagonistic relationship between conventional spin-singlet superconductivity and ferromagnetic order. In mate...
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Condensed-matter systems that simultaneously exhibit superconductivity and ferromagnetism are rare due the antagonistic relationship between conventional spin-singlet superconductivity and ferromagnetic order. In materials in which superconductivity and magnetic order are known to coexist (such as some heavy-fermion materials), the superconductivity is thought to be of an unconventional nature. Recently, the conducting gas that lives at the interface between the perovskite band insulators LaAlO3 (LAO) and SrTiO3 (STO) has also been shown to host both superconductivity and magnetism. Most previous research has focused on LAO/STO samples in which the interface is on the (001) crystal plane. Relatively little work has focused on the (111) crystal orientation, which has hexagonal symmetry at the interface, and has been predicted to have potentially interesting topological properties, including unconventional superconducting pairing states. Here we report measurements of the magnetoresistance of (111) LAO/STO heterostructures at temperatures at which they are also superconducting. As with the (001) structures, the magnetoresistance is hysteretic, indicating the coexistence of magnetism and superconductivity, but in addition, we find that this magnetoresistance is anisotropic. Such an anisotropic response is completely unexpected in the superconducting state and suggests that (111) LAO/STO heterostructures may support unconventional superconductivity.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted gaps in health surveillance systems, disease prevention, and treatment globally. Among the many factors that might have led to these gaps is the issue of the financing of ...
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted gaps in health surveillance systems, disease prevention, and treatment globally. Among the many factors that might have led to these gaps is the issue of the financing of national health systems, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), as well as a robust global system for pandemic preparedness. We aimed to provide a comparative assessment of global health spending at the onset of the pandemic;characterise the amount of development assistance for pandemic preparedness and response disbursed in the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic;and examine expectations for future health spending and put into context the expected need for investment in pandemic preparedness. Methods: In this analysis of global health spending between 1990 and 2021, and prediction from 2021 to 2026, we estimated four sources of health spending: development assistance for health (DAH), government spending, out-of-pocket spending, and prepaid private spending across 204 countries and territories. We used the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)'s Creditor Reporting System (CRS) and the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) to estimate spending. We estimated development assistance for general health, COVID-19 response, and pandemic preparedness and response using a keyword search. Health spending estimates were combined with estimates of resources needed for pandemic prevention and preparedness to analyse future health spending patterns, relative to need. Findings: In 2019, at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, US$9·2 trillion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9·1–9·3) was spent on health worldwide. We found great disparities in the amount of resources devoted to health, with high-income countries spending $7·3 trillion (95% UI 7·2–7·4) in 2019;293·7 times the $24·8 billion (95% UI 24·3–25·3) spent by low-income countries in 2019. That same year, $43·1 billion in development assistance was provided
3D movies are calibrated to meet a certain screen brightness standard. Therefore, what would be the consequences on the quality of the 3D experience for spectators watching a 3D movie when movie theaters do not respec...
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3D movies are calibrated to meet a certain screen brightness standard. Therefore, what would be the consequences on the quality of the 3D experience for spectators watching a 3D movie when movie theaters do not respect this standard? First, we attempted to better understand which factors were important for a spectator by conducting an experiment where participants watched a 3D movie and filled out an exploratory questionnaire. Then, we aimed to investigate the link between image brightness loss and the quality of the 3D experience as perceived by the spectator. First results show no perceived difference in the quality of the 3D experience between a normal brightness and a brightness decreased by 10% for four factors, i.e. (1) the appreciation of the movie, (2) the content of the movie, (3) the 3D quality of the movie, and (4) the quality of the 3D experience in general.
A myriad of algorithms for the automatic analysis of brain MR images is available to support clinicians in their decision-making. For brain tumor patients, the image acquisition time series typically starts with an al...
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Sentiment analysis is one of the most popular natural language processing techniques. It aims to identify the sentiment polarity (positive, negative, neutral or mixed) within a given text. The proper lexicon knowledge...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509059119
Sentiment analysis is one of the most popular natural language processing techniques. It aims to identify the sentiment polarity (positive, negative, neutral or mixed) within a given text. The proper lexicon knowledge is very important for the lexicon-based sentiment analysis methods since they hinge on using the polarity of the lexical item to determine a text's sentiment polarity. However, it is quite common that some lexical items appear positive in the text of one domain but appear negative in another. In this paper, we propose an innovative knowledge building algorithm to extract sentiment lexicon knowledge through computing their polarity value based on their polarity distribution in text dataset, such as in a set of domain specific reviews. The proposed algorithm was tested by a set of domain microblogs. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed lexicon knowledge extraction method can enhance the performance of knowledge based sentiment analysis.
This work presents a GPU-based implementation of the Gamma multiset rewriting paradigm. Inspired by the chemical reaction metaphor, Gamma was conceived as a highlevel abstract language for programs specification in a ...
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Single cell analysis provides information of individual cells that is lost in measurements of large cell populations. There is a growing demand on the capability of characterizing the properties of individual single c...
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Single cell analysis provides information of individual cells that is lost in measurements of large cell populations. There is a growing demand on the capability of characterizing the properties of individual single cells. Since transient and temporal studies of single cells require continuous monitoring of the cell behaviors, an effective single-cell assay that can support time lapsed studies in a high throughput manner is highly desirable. Currently, most single-cell technology platforms do not provide optimal in vitro micro-environments to sustain cell growth yet allow continuous studies of single cell behaviors based on the quantitative analysis of their molecular marker signals. In this study, we present a highly versatile single-cell assay to accommodate different cellular types and culturing conditions and to allow studies of single cell responses to environmental factors. Our assay is non-invasive and can collect and survey single cell secretions at different time points. It provides a convenient, low-cost, and enabling tool to investigate single cell properties in a high-throughput manner, generating accurate temporal and quantitative information unachievable in other methods.
BACKGROUND:Copy number variants (CNVs) increase risk for neurodevelopmental conditions. The neurobiological mechanisms linking these high-risk genetic variants to clinical phenotypes are largely unknown. An important ...
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BACKGROUND:Copy number variants (CNVs) increase risk for neurodevelopmental conditions. The neurobiological mechanisms linking these high-risk genetic variants to clinical phenotypes are largely unknown. An important question is whether brain abnormalities in individuals carrying CNVs are associated with their degree of penetrance.
METHODS:We investigated if increased CNV-penetrance for schizophrenia and other developmental disorders was associated with variations in cortical and subcortical morphology. We pooled T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging and genetic data from 22 cohorts from the ENIGMA-CNV consortium. In the main analyses, we included 9,268 individuals (aged 7 to 90 years, 54% females), from which we identified 398 carriers of 36 neurodevelopmental CNVs at 20 distinct loci. A secondary analysis was performed including additional neuroimaging data from the ENIGMA-22q consortium, including 274 carriers of the 22q11.2 deletion and 291 non-carriers. CNV-penetrance was estimated through penetrance scores that were previously generated from large cohorts of patients and controls. These scores represent the probability risk to develop either schizophrenia or other developmental disorders (including developmental delay, autism spectrum disorder and congenital malformations).
RESULTS:For both schizophrenia and developmental disorders, increased penetrance scores were associated with lower surface area in the cerebral cortex and lower intracranial volume. For both conditions, associations between CNV-penetrance scores and cortical surface area were strongest in regions of the occipital lobes, specifically in the cuneus and lingual gyrus.
CONCLUSIONS:Our findings link global and regional cortical morphometric features with CNV-penetrance, providing new insights into neurobiological mechanisms of genetic risk for schizophrenia and other developmental disorders.
Foraging provides decentralized access to food, medicines and other resources for communities across the planet. In urban environments, foraging can support social cohesion, food justice, and ecosystem restoration. Gi...
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作者：
Aytan, E.Debnath, B.Kargar, F.Barlas, Y.Lacerda, M.M.Li, J.X.Lake, R.K.Shi, J.Balandin, A.A.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Center
Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California RiversideCA92521 United States
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Campus Duque de Caxias
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro RJ25245-390 Brazil Department of Physics and Astronomy
University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Center
University of California RiversideCA92521 United States
Nickel oxide (NiO) has been studied extensively for various applications ranging from electrochemistry to solar cells1,2. In recent years, NiO attracted much attention as an antiferromagnetic (AF) insulator material f...
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