Derivatives, mostly in the form of gradients and Hessians, are ubiquitous in machine learning. Automatic differentiation (AD), also called algorithmic differentiation or simply "auto-diff", is a family of te...
详细信息
Derivatives, mostly in the form of gradients and Hessians, are ubiquitous in machine learning. Automatic differentiation (AD), also called algorithmic differentiation or simply "auto-diff", is a family of techniques similar to but more general than backpropagation for efficiently and accurately evaluating derivatives of numeric functions expressed as computerprograms. AD is a small but established field with applications in areas including computational uid dynamics, atmospheric sciences, and engineering design optimization. Until very recently, the fields of machine learning and AD have largely been unaware of each other and, in some cases, have independently discovered each other's results. Despite its relevance, general-purpose AD has been missing from the machine learning toolbox, a situation slowly changing with its ongoing adoption under the names "dynamic computational graphs" and "differentiable programming". We survey the intersection of AD and machine learning, cover applications where AD has direct relevance, and address the main implementation techniques. By precisely defining the main differentiation techniques and their interrelationships, we aim to bring clarity to the usage of the terms "autodiff", "automatic differentiation", and "symbolic differentiation" as these are encountered more and more in machine learning settings.
Venoms are a rich source for the discovery of molecules with biotechnological applications, but their analysis is challenging even for state-of-the-art proteomics. Here we report on a large-scale proteomic assessment ...
Venoms are a rich source for the discovery of molecules with biotechnological applications, but their analysis is challenging even for state-of-the-art proteomics. Here we report on a large-scale proteomic assessment of the venom of Loxosceles intermedia, the so-called brown spider. Venom was extracted from 200 spiders and fractioned into two aliquots relative to a 10 kDa cutoff mass. Each of these was further fractioned and digested with trypsin (4 h), trypsin (18 h), pepsin (18 h), and chymotrypsin (18 h), then analyzed by MudPIT on an LTQ-Orbitrap XL ETD mass spectrometer fragmenting precursors by CID, HCD, and ETD. Aliquots of undigested samples were also analyzed. Our experimental design allowed us to apply spectral networks, thus enabling us to obtain meta-contig assemblies, and consequently de novo sequencing of practically complete proteins, culminating in a deep proteome assessment of the venom. Data are available via ProteomeXchange, with identifier PXD005523.
Recently, a modified data hiding scheme based on pixel value differencing and improving exploiting modification directions is proposed by Shen and Huang. There are two major contributions in this scheme. One is to enh...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781509022861
Recently, a modified data hiding scheme based on pixel value differencing and improving exploiting modification directions is proposed by Shen and Huang. There are two major contributions in this scheme. One is to enhance the embedding rate and good embedding capacity and the other is an optimization problem used to solve the overflow/ underflow problem. In fact, they propose the similar brute force method to solve overflow/underflow problem in their proposed scheme. To overcome the overflow/underflow problem exactly, we will propose the close form to solve this problem in this paper. Then, an improvement data hiding scheme based on FFEMD (Formula Fully Exploiting Modification Directions) and pixel value differencing method is proposed. According to our analysis, it is not only to keep the advantages of Shen-Huang scheme but also to use the close form to solve the overflow/ underflow problem.
We generate and reconstruct a maximally-entangled time-bin ququart using quantum state tomography and polarization-projective measurements. We measure a fidelity of 93.7±0.4% to a maximally-entangled ququart with...
详细信息
Information involves in design process, and in fact designing is an activity of converting data, information and knowledge into a map and guidance of creating an artifact. Unfortunately, the existing instruments that ...
详细信息
Topological solitons are knots in continuous physical fields classified by non-zero Hopf index values. Despite arising in theories that span many branches of physics, from elementary particles to condensed matter and ...
详细信息
作者:
Enrico ChiovettoMeghan E HuberDagmar SternadMartin A GieseSection for Computational Sensomotorics
Department of Cognitive Neurology Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research Centre for Integrative Neuroscience University Clinic Tübingen Tübingen Germany. enrico.chiovetto@klinikum.uni-tuebingen.de. Department of Mechanical Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA. Departments of Biology
Electrical and Computer Engineering Physics and Physical Therapy Movement Science and Rehabilitation Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts USA. Section for Computational Sensomotorics
Department of Cognitive Neurology Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research Centre for Integrative Neuroscience University Clinic Tübingen Tübingen Germany.
A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
In this paper we present the case study on application of data mining techniques like clustering, regression and scoring with heuristic measures for the largest social event prognosis based on spatiotemporal data. The...
详细信息
In this paper we present the case study on application of data mining techniques like clustering, regression and scoring with heuristic measures for the largest social event prognosis based on spatiotemporal data. The aim of this analysis is to propose the methodology that bases on archival records and is capable to predict the place where the largest social event will take place and who will be a host (organizer) of it. For this goal we utilize the part of geocaching community data. The dataset we used is consisted of 755 events that happened from 2010-01-30 to 2015-09-05 in Poland organized by 282 distinct users. Basing on archival data of past four years we were capable to indicate not only the region in which the biggest event took place but also its host and its place within range of 700 meters. Our new algorithm and its application to geocaching events data is main novelty of this paper.
It has been suggested that humans discriminate different frequency sounds with greater selectivity than other mammals. However, mechanisms that could underlie higher frequency selectivity in humans are unclear. Recent...
It has been suggested that humans discriminate different frequency sounds with greater selectivity than other mammals. However, mechanisms that could underlie higher frequency selectivity in humans are unclear. Recent studies show that the tectorial membrane (TM) supports longitudinally propagating waves, and the spread of excitation of these TM waves has been implicated in controlling the tuning properties in a mutant mouse model of hearing. Here we compare TM morphology and waves in humans and mice and show that despite some differences in morphology, the spread of excitation of TM waves is similar in spatial extent. However, the cochlear maps of humans and mice differ significantly, with similar cochlear distances mapping to a narrower range of best frequencies in humans than in mice. By coupling different frequency ranges, TM waves could contribute to differences in frequency tuning in mammals, with the smaller human range of frequencies corresponding to sharper frequency tuning.
Controlling functionalities, such as magnetism or ferroelectricity, by means of oxygen vacancies (VO) is a key issue for the future development of transition metal oxides. Progress in this field is currently addressed...
详细信息
暂无评论