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16th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue, SIGDIAL 2015

作者： Xie, Qizhe Sun, Kai Zhu, Su Chen, Lu Yu, Kai Key Lab. of Shanghai Education Commission for Intelligent Interaction and Cognitive Eng. SpeechLab Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781941643754

Recently, constrained Markov Bayesian polynomial (CMBP) has been proposed as a data-driven rule-based model for dialog state tracking (DST). CMBP is an approach to bridge rule-based models and statistical models. Recurrent Polynomial Network (RPN) is a recent statistical framework taking advantages of rulebased models and can achieve state-ofthe-art performance on the data corpora of DSTC-3, outperforming all submitted trackers in DSTC-3 including RNN. It is widely acknowledged that SLU's reliability influences tracker's performance greatly, especially in cases where the training SLU is poorly matched to the testing SLU. In this paper, this effect is analyzed in detail for RPN. Experiments show that RPN's tracking result is consistently the best compared to rule-based and statistical models investigated on different SLUs including mismatched ones and demonstrate RPN's is very robust to mismatched semantic parsers. © 2015 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Polynomials

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Fast quantum algorithm for solving multivariate quadratic equations

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Faugère, Jean-Charles Horan, Kelsey Kahrobaei, Delaram Kaplan, Marc Kashefi, Elham Perret, Ludovic UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR 7606 LIP6 ParisF-75005 France CNRS UMR 7606 LIP6 ParisF-75005 France INRIA Paris Center France Program in Computer Science Graduate Center City University of New York 365 5th Ave New YorkNY10016 United States New York University Tandon School of Engineering BrooklynNY11201 United States School of Informatics University of Edinburgh 10 Crichton Street EdinburghEH8 9AB United Kingdom

In August 2015 the cryptographic world was shaken by a sudden and surprising announcement by the US National Security Agency (NSA) concerning plans to transition to post-quantum algorithms. Since this announcement post-quantum cryptography has become a topic of primary interest for several standardization bodies. The transition from the currently deployed public-key algorithms to post-quantum algorithms has been found to be challenging in many aspects. In particular the problem of evaluating the quantum-bit security of such post-quantum cryptosystems remains vastly open. Of course this question is of primarily concern in the process of standardizing the post-quantum cryptosystems. In this paper we consider the quantum security of the problem of solving a system of m Boolean multivariate quadratic equations in n variables (MQ2);a central problem in postquantum cryptography. When n = m, under a natural algebraic assumption, we present a Las-Vegas quantum algorithm solving MQ2that requires the evaluation of, on average, O(20.462n) quantum gates. To our knowledge this is the fastest algorithm for solving MQ2. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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Reversal of helicoidal twist handedness near point defects of confined chiral liquid crystals

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Physical Review E 2016年第5期93卷 052702-052702页

作者： Paul J. Ackerman Ivan I. Smalyukh Department of Physics University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Soft Materials Research Center and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

Handedness of the director twist in cholesteric liquid crystals is commonly assumed to be the same throughout the medium, determined solely by the chirality of constituent molecules or chiral additives, albeit distortions of the ground-state helicoidal configuration often arise due to the effects of confinement and external fields. We directly probe the twist directionality of liquid crystal director structures through experimental three-dimensional imaging and numerical minimization of the elastic free energy and show that spatially localized regions of handedness opposite to that of the chiral liquid crystal ground state can arise in the proximity of twisted-soliton-bound topological point defects. In chiral nematic liquid crystal confined to a film that has a thickness less than the cholesteric pitch and perpendicular surface boundary conditions, twisted solitonic structures embedded in a uniform unwound far-field background with chirality-matched handedness locally relieve confinement-imposed frustration and tend to be accompanied by point defects and smaller geometry-required, energetically costly regions of opposite twist handedness. We also describe a spatially localized structure, dubbed a “twistion,” in which a twisted solitonic three-dimensional director configuration is accompanied by four point defects. We discuss how our findings may impinge on the stability of localized particlelike director field configurations in chiral and nonchiral liquid crystals.

关键词： Chirality Defects Liquid crystals

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DOMMINO 2.0: Integrating structurally resolved protein-, RNA-, and DNA-mediated Macromolecular interactions

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Database 2016年第2016期2016卷 bav114页

作者： Kuang, Xingyan Dhroso, Andi Han, Jing Ginger Shyu, Chi-Ren Korkin, Dmitry Informatics Institute University of Missouri Columbia MO United States Department of Computer Science Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States Department of Computer Science University of Missouri Columbia MO United States Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Columbus OH United States

Macromolecular interactions are formed between proteins, DNA and RNA molecules. Being a principle building block in macromolecular assemblies and pathways, the interactions underlie most of cellular functions. Malfunctioning of macromolecular interactions is also linked to a number of diseases. Structural knowledge of the macromolecular interaction allows one to understand the interaction's mechanism, determine its functional implications and characterize the effects of genetic variations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms, on the interaction. Unfortunately, until now the interactions mediated by different types of macromolecules, e.g. protein-protein interactions or protein-DNA interactions, are collected into individual and unrelated structural databases. This presents a significant obstacle in the analysis of macromolecular interactions. For instance, the homogeneous structural interaction databases prevent scientists from studying structural interactions of different types but occurring in the same macromolecular complex. Here, we introduce DOMMINO 2.0, a structural Database Of Macro-Molecular INteractiOns. Compared to DOMMINO 1.0, a comprehensive database on protein-protein interactions, DOMMINO 2.0 includes the interactions between all three basic types of macromolecules extracted from PDB files. DOMMINO 2.0 is automatically updated on a weekly basis. It currently includes ∼1 040 000 interactions between two polypeptide subunits (e.g. domains, peptides, termini and interdomain linkers), ∼43 000 RNA-mediated interactions, and ∼12 000 DNA-mediated interactions. All protein structures in the database are annotated using SCOP and SUPERFAMILY family annotation. As a result, protein-mediated interactions involving protein domains, interdomain linkers, C- and N-termini, and peptides are identified. Our database provides an intuitive web interface, allowing one to investigate interactions at three different resolution levels: whole subunit network, binary intera

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Robust group sparse representation via half-quadratic optimization for face recognition

Robust group sparse representation via half-quadratic optimi...

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Canadian Conference on Electrical and computer engineering (CCECE)

作者： Yong Peng Bao-Liang Lu Cognitive Engineering and Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

ISBN: (纸本)9781479958306

Sparse representation-based classifier (SRC), which represents a test sample with a linear combination of training samples, has shown promise in pattern classification. However, there are two shortcomings in SRC: (1) the ℓ 1 -norm used to measure the reconstruction fidelity is noise-sensitive and (2) the ℓ 2 -norm induced sparsity did not consider the correlation among the training samples. Furthermore, in real applications, face images with similar variations, such as illumination or expression, often have higher correlation than those from the same subject. Therefore, we propose to improve the performance of SRC from two aspects: (1) replace the noise-sensitive ℓ 2 -norm with an M-estimator to enhance its robustness and (2) emphasize the sparsity of the number of classes instead of the number of training samples, which leads to the group sparsity. The proposed robust group sparse representation (RGSR) can be efficiently optimized via alternating minimization under the Half-Quadratic (HQ) framework. Extensive experiments on representative face data sets show that RGSR can achieve competitive performance in face recognition and outperforms several state-of-the-art methods in dealing with various types of noise such as corruption, occlusion and disguise.

关键词： Decision support systems Face recognition Conferences computers Minimization

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Combining context-Aware ubiquitous learning and computer simulation: A lesson learned in elementary science education 23

Combining context-Aware ubiquitous learning and computer sim...

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23rd International Conference on computers in Education, ICCE 2015

作者： Kongpet, Kowit Srisawasdi, Niwat Feungchan, Witcha Science Education Program Faculty of Education Khon Kaen University Thailand Division of Science Mathematics and Technology Faculty of Education Khon Kaen University Thailand Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Khon Kaen University Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9784990801472

Context-Aware ubiquitous learning has been recognized as an innovative mobile learning approach that enables students to directly interact with real-world natural phenomena with supports from digital technology. To enhance visualization of the phenomena, computer simulation could be used to simplify the real world using visual representation. These approaches could be used to motivate science-based learning and facilitate inquiry-based learning process in elementary school science. As such, the mobile "Answer Me" application has been created as a cloud-based instructional system to facilitate context-Aware ubiquitous learning in science. In this study, the Answer Me was used to facilitate students' investigation of scientific phenomena of sound. To enhance their comprehension about sound wave, a computer simulation, developed by Physics Education Technology research group, was employed to visualize unobservable phenomena of sound. Both technologies were combined to promote science learning experience regarding predict-observe-explain learning process. Moreover, to evaluate its impact on science learning in elementary school, 54 fifth-grade students were recruited to interact with the app and simulation through POE learning activities. They were examined conceptual understanding about sound and science motivation both before and after the intervention. The results showed that students improved their conceptual understanding about sound and the proposed approach had a positive impact on students' science motivation of learning science by the combined learning experience.

关键词： Students

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A problem-oriented approach to represent and manage knowledge in PBL 23

A problem-oriented approach to represent and manage knowledg...

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23rd International Conference on computers in Education, ICCE 2015

作者： Miao, Yongwu Samaka, Mohammed Wang, Disi Department of Computational and Cognitive Sciences University of Duisburg-Essen Germany Computer Science and Engineering Department Qatar University Doha Qatar Wuhan E-competence Education LMT Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9784990801458

In traditional subject-based learning knowledge is well-structured and prepared in advance by the teachers before transferring in the form of a lecture presentation. However, the knowledge learned in problem-based learning (PBL) may be multi-disciplinary / ill-structured, constructed collaboratively by a small group of learners. It is challenge to support teachers and students in representing and managing knowledge in an online and hybrid PBL environment. This paper presents a problem-oriented knowledge representation and management method based on an analysis of technical requirements to support online and hybrid PBL. Adopting this approach we develop a PBL-specific whiteboard, a visualized knowledge representation tool supporting collaborative knowledge building in PBL. Through a combined use of a PBL scripting language and the PBL-specific whiteboard, the students can be guided and scaffold to construct and share a network of knowledge artifacts systematically as they progress through their various activities such as defining problems, identifying learning issues, proposing ideas, and improving their ideas. In this paper we demonstrate the technical feasibility of this approach by presenting the implementation of a web-based PBL application.

关键词： Knowledge management

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The effect of pedagogy-embedded digital game in primary science education: A comparison of students' understanding of vitamin 23

The effect of pedagogy-embedded digital game in primary scie...

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23rd International Conference on computers in Education, ICCE 2015

作者： Hiangsa, Marisa Srisawasdi, Niwat Feungchan, Witcha Science Education Program Faculty of Education Khon Kaen University Thailand Division of Science Mathematics and Technology Faculty of Education Khon Kaen University Thailand Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Khon Kaen University Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9784990801472

Recently, effective instructional interventions are needed to enable primary school student to increase conceptual understanding in science. To archive the mentioned, well-designed instructional materials regarding appropriate pedagogy is an important platform for students' learning in primary school science. In this study, an educational digital game regarding fruit and vegetable consumptions, particularly called "The Fruit Eater", has been pedagogically designed concerning problem-based learning strategy and then collaboratively created in android application platform, under the cooperation by computer engineering, science educator, and in-service science teacher at Khon Kaen University, in order to transforming traditional learning environment into constructivist-based learning environment. To investigate the effect of the intervention, a study has been conducted with 104 primary school students, classifying into three different groups, in order to verify the value of the game app. The results showed that the game demonstrated good performance (as compared to regular traditional (problem-based) instruction, and problem-oriented game-based inquiry learning) concerning the gain of conceptual understanding of vitamins, and health benefits of fruits and vegetables, even though the pedagogy-embedded digital game was used independently by students for learning. To this end, this study concluded that the use of pedagogy-embedded digital game could facilitate students' development of scientific understanding as well as teacher-centered instruction, and well-designed digital game regarding appropriate pedagogy might be a key factor associated to this effect in science learning.

关键词： Students

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Optical excitation and detection of neuronal activity

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Hu, Chenfei Sam, Richard Shan, Mingguang Nastasa, Viorel Wang, Minqi Kim, Taewoo Gillette, Martha Sengupta, Parijat Popescu, Gabriel Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States School of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Cell and Developmental Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Neuroscience Program University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States College of Information and Communication Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin Heilongjiang150001 China National Institute for Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics Magurele Ilfov Bucharest077125 Romania

Optogenetics has emerged as an exciting tool for manipulating neural activity, which in turn, can modulate behavior in live organisms. However, detecting the response to the optical stimulation requires electrophysiology with physical contact or fluorescent imaging at target locations, which is often limited by photobleaching and phototoxicity. In this paper, we show that phase imaging can report the intracellular transport induced by optogenetic stimulation. We developed a multimodal instrument that can both stimulate cells with subcellular spatial resolution and detect optical pathlength changes with nanometer scale sensitivity. We found that optical pathlength fluctuations following stimulation are consistent with active organelle transport. Furthermore, the results indicate a broadening in the transport velocity distribution, which is significantly higher in stimulated cells compared to optogenetically inactive cells. It is likely that this label-free, contactless measurement of optogenetic response will provide an enabling approach to neuroscience. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electrophysiology

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Learning-based stable memory

Learning-based stable memory

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第六届亚太神经科学联合会学术会议暨中国神经科学学会第十一届全国学术会议

作者： Xiu-Zhen Wang Wei Zhao Hong-Yu Li Xiao-Juan Chang Yan-Ling Cui Hong-Xia Wang Guohui Zhou Wei-Quan Gu Rifeng Wang Cognitive Learning Laboratory College of Computer Science and Information EngineeringHarbin Normal University College of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Guangxi University of Science and Technology

During memory formation, granular cortex is reconstructed by re-learning the same or similar tasks. The effect of repetition learning is thought to reflect a progressive optimization of memory structure. Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging(f MRI) evidence has suggested that the information granule could be at an advantage for stable memory. As expected, the learning-dependent involvement of neural systems and information granule enhance the memory effects. However, f MRI studies haven't investigated that the effects of temporary memory and lasting memory are supported by the different associative cortex following different learning systems. This paper gives a good overview that, in parallel to stable memory, the neural systems mediate the influences of learning and re-learning on memory consolidation. The highly polymerized form among elements enhances memory effects of information granule following learning, suggesting that interactions between memory and learning are associated with information integration of similar tasks like Arabic arithmetic multiplication formulas.

关键词： stable memory information granule learning granularity

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