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5th World Robot Conference Symposium on Advanced Robotics and Automation, WRC SARA 2023

作者： Zhang, Feng Xiong, Jianqiang Yuan, Shuai Wen, Ke Shenyang Jianzhu University Liaoning Province Big Data Management and Analysis Laboratory of Urban Construction Shenyang Branch of National Special Computer Engineering Technology Research Center School of Electrical and Control Engineering Shenyang110168 China Shenyang Jianzhu University School of Electrical and Control Engineering Shenyang110168 China Shenyang Jianzhu University School of Computer Science and Engineering Shenyang110168 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350307320

Nowadays, application of automated intelligent robot arm devices to improve industrial production efficiency has become a popular research field in the world. The previous off-line path planning method of robotic arm has the inadequacies of low efficiency and slow speed. Although the deep reinforcement learning has accomplished many achievements in the path planning of control manipulator, there are still some problems such as long training time and low planning accuracy. To solve the abovementioned issues, we propose an improved Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic policy gradient (TD3) algorithm (Improved Cross-Entropy Method-TD3: ICEM-TD3) for the path planning of the robotic arm. First, this paper combines evolutionary strategies with TD3 to generate action networks. Then the exploration of TD3 algorithm in the action space is replaced by the exploration in the parameter space. In addition, this paper designs a new reward function to weaken the redundancy of planning and accelerate the convergence speed of training. Finally, the Gazebo simulator is adopted to verify the proposed algorithm, and the results illustrate that the proposed algorithm can greatly improve the accuracy of the path planning of the manipulator using deep reinforcement learning. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Motion planning

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The Two Fundamental Shapes of Sleep Heart Rate Dynamics and Their Connection to Mental Health in College Students

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Digital Biomarkers 2024年第1期8卷 120-131页

作者： Fudolig, Mikaela Irene Bloomfield, Laura S.P. Price, Matthew Bird, Yoshi M. Hidalgo, Johanna E. Kim, Julia N. Llorin, Jordan Lovato, Juniper McGinnis, Ellen W. McGinnis, Ryan S. Ricketts, Taylor Stanton, Kathryn Dodds, Peter Sheridan Danforth, Christopher M. Vermont Complex Systems Center MassMutual Center of Excellence for Complex Systems and Data Science University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Computational Story Lab MassMutual Center of Excellence for Complex Systems and Data Science University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Gund Institute for Environment University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Department of Psychological Science University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Project Lemurs University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Department of Computer Science University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Wake Forest University School of Medicine Winston-SalemNC United States Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Santa Fe Institute Santa FeNM United States

Introduction: Wearable devices are rapidly improving our ability to observe health-related processes for extended durations in an unintrusive manner. In this study, we use wearable devices to understand how the shape of the heart rate curve during sleep relates to mental health. Methods: As part of the Lived Experiences Measured Using Rings Study (LEMURS), we collected heart rate measurements using the Oura ring (Gen3) for over 25,000 sleep periods and self-reported mental health indicators from roughly 600 first-year university students in the USA during the fall semester of 2022. Using clustering techniques, we find that the sleeping heart rate curves can be broadly separated into two categories that are mainly differentiated by how far along the sleep period the lowest heart rate is reached. Results: Sleep periods characterized by reaching the lowest heart rate later during sleep are also associated with shorter deep and REM sleep and longer light sleep, but not a difference in total sleep duration. Aggregating sleep periods at the individual level, we find that consistently reaching the lowest heart rate later during sleep is a significant predictor of (1) self-reported impairment due to anxiety or depression, (2) a prior mental health diagnosis, and (3) firsthand experience in traumatic events. This association is more pronounced among females. Conclusion: Our results show that the shape of the sleeping heart rate curve, which is only weakly correlated with descriptive statistics such as the average or the minimum heart rate, is a viable but mostly overlooked metric that can help quantify the relationship between sleep and mental health. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

关键词： Wearable technology

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Two-Level Graph Representation Learning with Community-as-a-Node Graphs

Two-Level Graph Representation Learning with Community-as-a-...

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IEEE International Conference on data Mining (ICDM)

作者： Jeong-Ha Park Kisung Lee Hyuk-Yoon Kwon Graduate School of Data Science Seoul National University of Science and Technology Seoul South Korea Division of Computer Science and Engineering Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA

In this paper, we propose a novel graph representation learning (GRL) model that aims to improve both representation accuracy and learning efficiency. We design a Two-Level GRL architecture based on the graph partitioning: 1) local GRL on nodes within each partitioned subgraph and 2) global GRL on subgraphs. By partitioning the graph through community detection, we enable elaborate node learning in the same community. Based on Two-Level GRL, we introduce an abstracted graph, Community-as-a-Node Graph(CaaN), to effectively maintain the high-level structure with a significantly reduced graph. By applying the CaaN graph to local and global GRL, we propose Two-Level GRL with Community-as-a-Node (CaaN 2L) that effectively maintains the global structure of the entire graph while accurately representing the nodes in each community. A salient point of the proposed model is that it can be applied to any existing GRL model by adopting it as the base model for local and global GRL. Through extensive experiments employing seven popular GRL models, we show that our model outperforms them in both accuracy and efficiency.

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WTDUN: Wavelet Tree-Structured Sampling and Deep Unfolding Network for Image Compressed Sensing

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Han, Kai Wang, Jin Shi, Yunhui Cai, Hanqin Ling, Nam Yin, Baocai Beijing Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Intelligent Software Technology Beijing Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Information Science and Technology Beijing University of Technology China School of Computer Science Beijing University of Technology China The Department of Statistics and Data Science The Department of Computer Science University of Central Florida United States The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Santa Clara University United States

Deep unfolding networks have gained increasing attention in the field of compressed sensing (CS) owing to their theoretical interpretability and superior reconstruction performance. However, most existing deep unfolding methods often face the following issues: 1) they learn directly from single-channel images, leading to a simple feature representation that does not fully capture complex features;and 2) they treat various image components uniformly, ignoring the characteristics of different components. To address these issues, we propose a novel wavelet-domain deep unfolding framework named WTDUN, which operates directly on the multi-scale wavelet subbands. Our method utilizes the intrinsic sparsity and multi-scale structure of wavelet coefficients to achieve a tree-structured sampling and reconstruction, effectively capturing and highlighting the most important features within images. Specifically, the design of tree-structured reconstruction aims to capture the inter-dependencies among the multi-scale subbands, enabling the identification of both fine and coarse features, which can lead to a marked improvement in reconstruction quality. Furthermore, a wavelet domain adaptive sampling method is proposed to greatly improve the sampling capability, which is realized by assigning measurements to each wavelet subband based on its importance. Unlike pure deep learning methods that treat all components uniformly, our method introduces a targeted focus on important subbands, considering their energy and sparsity. This targeted strategy lets us capture key information more efficiently while discarding less important information, resulting in a more effective and detailed reconstruction. Extensive experimental results on various datasets validate the superior performance of our proposed method. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Compressed sensing

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Adversarial Attacks on Featureless Deep Learning Malicious URLs Detection

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computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 921-939页

作者： Bader Rasheed Adil Khan S.M.Ahsan Kazmi Rasheed Hussain Md.Jalil Piran Doug Young Suh Institute of Data Science and Articial Intelligence Innopolis UniversityInnopolis420500Russia Institute of Information Security and Cyberphysical Systems Innopolis UniversityInnopolis420500Russia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoulKorea Department of Electronics Engineering Kyung Hee UniversityYonginKorea

Detecting malicious Uniform Resource Locators(URLs)is crucially important to prevent attackers from committing *** researches have investigated the role of machine learning(ML)models to detect malicious *** using ML algorithms,rst,the features of URLs are extracted,and then different ML models are *** limitation of this approach is that it requires manual feature engineering and it does not consider the sequential patterns in the ***,deep learning(DL)models are used to solve these issues since they are able to perform featureless ***,DL models give better accuracy and generalization to newly designed URLs;however,the results of our study show that these models,such as any other DL models,can be susceptible to adversarial *** this paper,we examine the robustness of these models and demonstrate the importance of considering this susceptibility before applying such detection systems in real-world *** propose and demonstrate a black-box attack based on scoring functions with greedy search for the minimum number of perturbations leading to a *** attack is examined against different types of convolutional neural networks(CNN)-based URL classiers and it causes a tangible decrease in the accuracy with more than 56%reduction in the accuracy of the best classier(among the selected classiers for this work).Moreover,adversarial training shows promising results in reducing the inuence of the attack on the robustness of the model to less than 7%on average.

关键词： Malicious URLs detection deep learning adversarial attack web security

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Breaking Barriers in Physical-World Adversarial Examples: Improving Robustness and Transferability via Robust Feature 39

Breaking Barriers in Physical-World Adversarial Examples: Im...

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39th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2025

作者： Wang, Yichen Chou, Yuxuan Zhou, Ziqi Zhang, Hangtao Wan, Wei Hu, Shengshan Li, Minghui National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System China Services Computing Technology and System Lab China Cluster and Grid Computing Lab China Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security China Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)157735897X

As deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely applied in the physical world, many researches are focusing on physical-world adversarial examples (PAEs), which introduce perturbations to inputs and cause the model's incorrect outputs. However, existing PAEs face two challenges: unsatisfactory attack performance (i.e., poor transferability and insufficient robustness to environment conditions), and difficulty in balancing attack effectiveness with stealthiness, where better attack effectiveness often makes PAEs more perceptible. In this paper, we explore a novel perturbation-based method to overcome the challenges. For the first challenge, we introduce a strategy Deceptive RF injection based on robust features (RFs) that are predictive, robust to perturbations, and consistent across different models. Specifically, it improves the transferability and robustness of PAEs by covering RFs of other classes onto the predictive features in clean images. For the second challenge, we introduce another strategy Adversarial Semantic Pattern Minimization, which removes most perturbations and retains only essential adversarial patterns in AEs. Based on the two strategies, we design our method Robust Feature Coverage Attack (RFCoA), comprising Robust Feature Disentanglement and Adversarial Feature Fusion. In the first stage, we extract target class RFs in feature space. In the second stage, we use attention-based feature fusion to overlay these RFs onto predictive features of clean images and remove unnecessary perturbations. Experiments show our method's superior transferability, robustness, and stealthiness compared to existing state-of-the-art methods. Additionally, our method's effectiveness can extend to Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), indicating its potential applicability to more complex tasks. Copyright © 2025, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Robust Image Hashing Based on Histogram Reconstruction 18th

Robust Image Hashing Based on Histogram Reconstruction

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18th International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, IIH-MSP 2022

作者： Jia, Yao Cui, Chen Wang, Zhenbang Tian, Shigang Wang, Shen School of Data Science and Technology Heilongjiang University Heilongjiang Harbin China College of Mathematics Physics and Information Engineering Jiaxing University Zhejiang Jiaxing China State Grid Heilongjiang Power Co. Ltd. Heilongjiang Harbin China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Heilongjiang Harbin China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819906048

In this paper, we propose a perceptual image hashing method based on histogram reconstruction. Our method consists of three steps, pre-processing, histogram reconstruction and hash vector generation based on the reconstructed histogram. In image pre-processing, the color image is converted to a gray one, then the gray image is standardized and the standardized image is processed with a low-pass filter. Then, we reconstruct the histogram of a gray image by using the relationship between the pixels in different groups. Finally, the hash vector is extracted from the reconstructed histogram. As the experimental results show, the proposed image hashing method is robust to most of the content-preserving operations, such as JPEG compression, noise addition and rotation. Moreover, the method proposed can effectively solve the problems in traditional histogram-based methods. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Low pass filters

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FuseMoE: mixture-of-experts transformers for fleximodal fusion 24

FuseMoE: mixture-of-experts transformers for fleximodal fusi...

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Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Xing Han Huy Nguyen Carl Harris Nhat Ho Suchi Saria Department of Computer Science Johns Hopkins University Department of Statistics and Data Sciences The University of Texas at Austin Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University

ISBN: (纸本)9798331314385

As machine learning models in critical fields increasingly grapple with multimodal data, they face the dual challenges of handling a wide array of modalities, often incomplete due to missing elements, and the temporal irregularity and sparsity of collected samples. Successfully leveraging this complex data, while overcoming the scarcity of high-quality training samples, is key to improving these models' predictive performance. We introduce "FuseMoE", a mixture-of-experts framework incorporated with an innovative gating function. Designed to integrate a diverse number of modalities, FuseMoE is effective in managing scenarios with missing modalities and irregularly sampled data trajectories. Theoretically, our unique gating function contributes to enhanced convergence rates, leading to better performance in multiple downstream tasks. The practical utility of FuseMoE in the real world is validated by a diverse set of challenging prediction tasks.

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Breast Cancer Prediction using Supervised Machine Learning Techniques 18

Breast Cancer Prediction using Supervised Machine Learning T...

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18th IEEE India Council International Conference, INDICON 2021

作者： Singh, Sonal Prasad, Jatin Prasad, Shivangini Naik, Srinivas IIIT Naya Raipur Data Science Artificial Intelligence Chhattisgarh India IIIT Naya Raipur Computer Science Engineering Chhattisgarh India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665441759

Breast cancer is a form of tumor that develops in the breast tissues. It is the most frequent cancer in women worldwide, and it is one of the leading causes of mortality in women. Therefore, early detection and diagnosis will benefit patients who have breast cancer. This paper has compared nine supervised machine learning techniques named Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Random Forest Classifier (RFC), Decision Tree Classifier (DTC), Logistic Regression (LR), Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), XGBoost Classifier (XGB) and AdaBoost Classifier (ADB) in order to classify the tumors into benign and malignant. The data set is from the UCI Machine Learning repository, which is used for predicting breast cancer. The performance of models is measured with respect to the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. The results reveal that the ANN obtained the highest accuracy, precision, and F1 score of 0.993, 0.998, and 0.991, respectively. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Securely Fine-tuning Pre-trained Encoders Against Adversarial Examples

Securely Fine-tuning Pre-trained Encoders Against Adversaria...

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IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy

作者： Ziqi Zhou Minghui Li Wei Liu Shengshan Hu Yechao Zhang Wei Wan Lulu Xue Leo Yu Zhang Dezhong Yao Hai Jin National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University

ISBN: (数字)9798350331301

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331318

With the evolution of self-supervised learning, the pre-training paradigm has emerged as a predominant solution within the deep learning landscape. Model providers furnish pre-trained encoders designed to function as versatile feature extractors, enabling downstream users to harness the benefits of expansive models with minimal effort through fine-tuning. Nevertheless, recent works have exposed a vulnerability in pre-trained encoders, highlighting their susceptibility to downstream-agnostic adversarial examples (DAEs) meticulously crafted by attackers. The lingering question pertains to the feasibility of fortifying the robustness of downstream models against DAEs, particularly in scenarios where the pre-trained encoders are publicly accessible to the *** this paper, we initially delve into existing defensive mechanisms against adversarial examples within the pre-training paradigm. Our findings reveal that the failure of current defenses stems from the domain shift between pre-training data and downstream tasks, as well as the sensitivity of encoder parameters. In response to these challenges, we propose Genetic Evolution-Nurtured Adversarial Fine-tuning (Gen-AF), a two-stage adversarial fine-tuning approach aimed at enhancing the robustness of downstream models. Gen-AF employs a genetic-directed dual-track adversarial fine-tuning strategy in its first stage to effectively inherit the pre-trained encoder. This involves optimizing the pre-trained encoder and classifier separately while incorporating genetic regularization to preserve the model’s topology. In the second stage, Gen-AF assesses the robust sensitivity of each layer and creates a dictionary, based on which the top-k robust redundant layers are selected with the remaining layers held fixed. Upon this foundation, we conduct evolutionary adaptability fine-tuning to further enhance the model’s generalizability. Our extensive experiments, conducted across ten self-supervised training methods and six d

关键词： Training Adaptation models Sensitivity Accuracy Self-supervised learning Genetics Feature extraction

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