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The Connections Between Group Maturity, Software Development Velocity and Planning Effectiveness

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Al-Sabbagh, Khaled Gren, Lucas Chalmers University of Technology University of Gothenburg Department of Applied IT Gothenburg412–96 Sweden Chalmers University of Technology University of Gothenburg Department of Computer Science and Engineering Gothenburg412–92 Sweden Chalmers University of Technology University of Gothenburg Gothenburg412–96 Sweden

Empirical evidence regarding the connection between group development (maturity) and the success of software development teams is lacking. The purpose of this research is to gain a qualitative and quantitative understanding of how velocity and planning effectiveness of software teams connect to a group development model. The Group Development Questionnaire (GDQ) was given to 19 software developers from four work groups in order to assess their group development maturity. The work groups’ responses to the survey were checked for correlation with development velocity and planning effectiveness. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 individuals from the same four work groups to explore issues about their group maturity and to validate the responses of the interviewees in the GDQ. The measurement of the fourth stage of group development had a strong association with the planning effectiveness measurement, which means that a team with less issues in the fourth phase of group development is more effective in adhering to its plans. On the other hand, group development and velocity showed no significant convergent validity. We conclude that the dynamics within software development teams might correlate to their ability to deliver the expected outcome as planned, but not to their ability to develop tasks faster. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Velocity

Topological data analysis with ϵ-net induced lazy witness complex

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Arafat, Naheed Anjum Basu, Debabrota Bressan, Stéphane School of Computing National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg Sweden

Topological data analysis computes and analyses topological features of the point clouds by constructing and studying a simplicial representation of the underlying topological structure. The enthusiasm that followed the initial successes of topological data analysis was curbed by the computational cost of constructing such simplicial representations. The lazy witness complex is a computationally feasible approximation of the underlying topological structure of a point cloud. It is built in reference to a subset of points, called landmarks, rather than considering all the points as in the Cech and Vietoris-Rips complexes. The choice and the number of landmarks dictate the effectiveness and efficiency of the approximation. We adopt the notion of ϵ-cover to define ϵ-net. We prove that ϵ-net, as a choice of landmarks, is an ϵ-approximate representation of the point cloud and the induced lazy witness complex is a 3-approximation of the induced Vietoris-Rips complex. Furthermore, we propose three algorithms to construct ϵ-net landmarks. We establish the relationship of these algorithms with the existing landmark selection algorithms. We empirically validate our theoretical claims. We empirically and comparatively evaluate the effectiveness, efficiency, and stability of the proposed algorithms on synthetic and real datasets. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Efficiency

White paper on broadband connectivity in 6G

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Rajatheva, Nandana Atzeni, Italo Björnson, Emil Bourdoux, André Buzzi, Stefano Doré, Jean-Baptiste Erkucuk, Serhat Fuentes, Manuel Guan, Ke Hu, Yuzhou Huang, Xiaojing Hulkkonen, Jari Jornet, Josep Miquel Katz, Marcos Nilsson, Rickard Panayirci, Erdal Rabie, Khaled Rajapaksha, Nuwanthika Salehi, MohammadJavad Sarieddeen, Hadi Svensson, Tommy Tervo, Oskari Tölli, Antti Wu, Qingqing Xu, Wen Centre for Wireless Communications University of Oulu Finland Linköping University Sweden IMEC Belgium Department of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Cassino and Southern Latium Italy CEA-Leti France Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Kadir Has University Turkey Institute of Telecommunications and Multimedia Applications Universitat Politecnica de Valencia Spain State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Broadband Mobile Communications China Algorithm Department ZTE Corporation China School of Electrical and Data Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Australia Nokia Bell Labs Finland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for the Wireless Internet of Things Northeastern University United States Department of Computer Science Electrical and Space Engineering Luleå University of Technology Sweden Department of Engineering Manchester Metropolitan University United Kingdom Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Sweden Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Huawei Technologies Germany

This white paper explores the road to implementing broadband connectivity in future 6G wireless systems. Different categories of use cases are considered, from extreme capacity with peak data rates up to 1 Tbps, to raising the typical data rates by orders-of-magnitude, to support broadband connectivity at railway speeds up to 1000 km/h. To achieve these goals, not only the terrestrial networks will be evolved but they will also be integrated with satellite networks, all facilitating autonomous systems and various interconnected structures. We believe that several categories of enablers at the infrastructure, spectrum, and protocol/algorithmic levels are required to realize the intended broadband connectivity goals in 6G. At the infrastructure level, we consider ultra-massive MIMO technology (possibly implemented using holographic radio), intelligent reflecting surfaces, user-centric and scalable cell-free networking, integrated access and backhaul, and integrated space and terrestrial networks. At the spectrum level, the network must seamlessly utilize sub-6 GHz bands for coverage and spatial multiplexing of many devices, while higher bands will be used for pushing the peak rates of point-to-point links. The latter path will lead to THz communications complemented by visible light communications in specific scenarios. At the protocol/algorithmic level, the enablers include improved coding, modulation, and waveforms to achieve lower latencies, higher reliability, and reduced complexity. Different options will be needed to optimally support different use cases. The resource efficiency can be further improved by using various combinations of full-duplex radios, interference management based on rate-splitting, machine-learning-based optimization, coded caching, and broadcasting. Finally, the three levels of enablers must be utilized not only to deliver better broadband services in urban areas, but also to provide full-coverage broadband connectivity must be one of the k

关键词： Visible light communication

GPAW: An open Python package for electronic-structure calculations

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Mortensen, Jens Jørgen Larsen, Ask Hjorth Kuisma, Mikael Ivanov, Aleksei V. Taghizadeh, Alireza Peterson, Andrew Haldar, Anubhab Dohn, Asmus Ougaard Schäfer, Christian Jónsson, Elvar Örn Hermes, Eric D. Nilsson, Fredrik Andreas Kastlunger, Georg Levi, Gianluca Jónsson, Hannes Häkkinen, Hannu Fojt, Jakub Kangsabanik, Jiban Sødequist, Joachim Lehtomäki, Jouko Heske, Julian Enkovaara, Jussi Winther, Kirsten Trøstrup Dulak, Marcin Melander, Marko M. Ovesen, Martin Louhivuori, Martti Walter, Michael Gjerding, Morten Lopez-Acevedo, Olga Erhart, Paul Warmbier, Robert Würdemann, Rolf Kaappa, Sami Latini, Simone Boland, Tara Maria Bligaard, Thomas Skovhus, Thorbjørn Susi, Toma Maxson, Tristan Rossi, Tuomas Chen, Xi Schmerwitz, Yorick Leonard A. Schiøtz, Jakob Olsen, Thomas Jacobsen, Karsten Wedel Thygesen, Kristian Sommer CAMd Department of Physics Technical University of Denmark Kgs Lyngby2800 Denmark Riverlane Ltd St Andrews House 59 St Andrews Street CambridgeCB2 3BZ United Kingdom School of Engineering Brown University ProvidenceRI United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston University United States Department of Physics Technical University of Denmark Lyngby2800 Denmark Science Institute Faculty of Physical Sciences VR-III University of Iceland Reykjavík107 Iceland Department of Physics Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSE-412 96 Sweden Science Institute Faculty of Physical Sciences University of Iceland VR-III Reykjavík107 Iceland Quantum-Si 29 Business Park Drive BranfordCT06405 United States CatTheory Department of Physics Technical University of Denmark Kgs Lyngby2800 Denmark Departments of Physics and Chemistry Nanoscience Center University of Jyväskylä JyväskyläFI-40014 Finland Department of Applied Physics Aalto University P.O. Box 11100 Aalto00076 Finland CSC – IT Center for Science Ltd. P.O. Box 405 EspooFI-02101 Finland SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Department of Chemistry Nanoscience Center University of Jyväskylä JyväskyläFI-40014 Finland University of Freiburg FIT Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 Freiburg79110 Germany Biophysics of Tropical Diseases Max Planck Tandem Group University of Antioquia UdeA Medellin050010 Colombia School of Physics Mandelstam Institute for Theoretical Physics University of the Witwatersrand 1 Jan Smuts Avenue Johannesburg2001 South Africa Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum Universität Freiburg Stefan-Meier-Straße 21 FreiburgD-79104 Germany Computational Physics Laboratory Tampere University P.O. Box 692 TampereFI-33014 Finland Nanomade Department of Physics Technical University of Denmark Kgs Lyngb

We review the GPAW open-source Python package for electronic structure calculations. GPAW is based on the projector-augmented wave method and can solve the self-consistent density functional theory (DFT) equations using three different wave-function representations, namely real-space grids, plane waves, and numerical atomic orbitals. The three representations are complementary and mutually independent and can be connected by transformations via the real-space grid. This multi-basis feature renders GPAW highly versatile and unique among similar codes. By virtue of its modular structure, the GPAW code constitutes an ideal platform for implementation of new features and methodologies. Moreover, it is well integrated with the Atomic Simulation Environment (ASE) providing a flexible and dynamic user interface. In addition to ground-state DFT calculations, GPAW supports many-body GW band structures, optical excitations from the Bethe–Salpeter Equation (BSE), variational calculations of excited states in molecules and solids via direct optimization, and real-time propagation of the Kohn–Sham equations within time-dependent DFT. A range of more advanced methods to describe magnetic excitations and non-collinear magnetism in solids are also now available. In addition, GPAW can calculate non-linear optical tensors of solids, charged crystal point defects, and much more. Recently, support of GPU acceleration has been achieved with minor modifications of the GPAW code thanks to the CuPy library. We end the review with an outlook describing some future plans for GPAW. © 2023, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Python

Ahead of time mutation based fault localisation using statistical inference

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Kim, Jinhan An, Gabin Feldt, Robert Yoo, Shin School of Computing KAIST Daejeon Korea Republic of Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden

Mutation analysis can effectively capture the dependency between source code and test results. This has been exploited by Mutation Based Fault Localisation (MBFL) techniques. However, MBFL techniques suffer from the need to expend the high cost of mutation analysis after the observation of failures, which may present a challenge for its practical adoption. We introduce SIMFL (Statistical Inference for Mutation-based Fault Localisation), an MBFL technique that allows users to perform the mutation analysis in advance before a failure is observed, allowing the amortisation of the analysis cost. SIMFL uses mutants as artificial faults and aims to learn the failure patterns among test cases against different locations of mutations. Once a failure is observed, SIMFL requires either almost no or very small additional cost for analysis, depending on the used inference model. An empirical evaluation using DEFECTS4J shows that SIMFL can successfully localise up to 113 out of 203 studied faults (55%) at the top, and 159 (78%) faults within the top five, significantly outperforming existing MBFL techniques while using the results of mutation analysis that has been undertaken before the test failure. The amortised cost of mutation analysis can be further reduced by mutation sampling: SIMFL retains 80% of its localisation accuracy at the top rank when using only 10% of generated mutants, compared to results obtained without sampling. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Software testing

End-to-end learning of geometrical shaping maximizing generalized mutual information

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Gümüş, Kadir Alvarado, Alex Chen, Bin Häger, Christian Agrell, Erik Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Department of Electrical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg Sweden

GMI-based end-to-end learning is shown to be highly nonconvex. We apply gradient descent initialized with Gray-labeled APSK constellations directly to the constellation coordinates. State-of-the-art constellations in 2D and 4D are found providing reach increases up to 26% w.r.t. to QAM. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gradient methods

Implementation challenges for energy-efficient error correction in optical communication systems

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Implementation challenges for energy-efficient error correct...

Signal Processing in Photonic Communications, SPPCom 2018

作者： Larsson-Edefors, Per Fougstedt, Christoffer Cushon, Kevin Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology GöteborgSE-412 96 Sweden

We describe energy-efficient hard- and soft-decision forward error correction circuits for optical communication systems. We discuss challenges of implementing circuits that combine high energy efficiency, high throug... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580439

关键词： Error correction

Integration of Dielectric Fractals on Plasmonic Metasurfaces for Selective and Sensitive Optical Sensing of Volatile Compounds

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Integration of Dielectric Fractals on Plasmonic Metasurfaces...

7th Advanced Electromagnetics Symposium, AES 2019

作者： Fusco, Zelio Rahmani, Mohsen Bo, Renheng Verre, Ruggero Motta, Nunzio Käll, Mikael Neshev, Dragomir Tricoli, Antonio Nanotechnology Research Laboratory College of Engineering and Computer Science ANU Australia Nonlinear Physics Centre Research School of Physics and Engineering ANU Australia Department of Physics Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg412 96 Sweden Institute for Future Environments School of Chemistry Physics and Mechanical Engineering QUT Australia

Localized surface plasmon resonance has found widespread use in efficient optical transducers of local refractive index changes in liquids, leading to highly specific biomolecular sensors with sensitivity reaching the single molecule limit. However, it has proven challenging to translate these achievements to the selective detection of gases, which typically adsorb in an unspecific manner and induces refractive index changes below the detection limit. Here, we show first insights on the large-scale self-assembly of monocrystalline Au nano-islands with tunable size and separation, and their application as efficient LSPR surfaces. Highly homogeneous centimeter-sized Au metasurfaces are fabricated by one-step deposition and in situ coalescence of hot nanoparticle aerosols into a discontinuous monolayer of highly faceted monocrystals. Notably, these metasurfaces demonstrate high-quality and tunable LSPR, enabling the fabrication of highly performing optical gas sensors detecting down to 10−5 variations in refractive index at room temperature. Next, we use our aerosol synthesis method to integrate tailored fractals of dielectric TiO2 nanoparticles onto resonant plasmonic metasurfaces made by hole-colloidal mask lithography. We show how this integration strongly enhances the interaction between the plasmonic field and volatile organic molecules and provides a means for their selective detection. Notably, the superior optical response is due to the enhancement of the interaction between the dielectric fractals and the plasmonic metasurface for thickness of up to 1.8 μm, much higher than the spatial extension of the plasmonic near-field (~30 nm). Optimal dielectric-plasmonic structures allow measurements of changes in the refractive index of the gas mixture down to -6 at room temperature and selective identification of three exemplary volatile organic compounds, acetone, toluene and ethanol. These findings provide a basis for the development of a novel family of dielectric-

关键词： Plasmonics

Noise reduction optimization of sound sensor based on a Conditional Generation Adversarial Network

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1873卷

作者： Xiongwei Lin Dongru Yang Yadong Mao Lei Zhou Xiaobo Zhao Shengguo Lu Guangdong Provincial Research Center on Smart Materials and Energy Conversion Devices School of Materials and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg 405 30 Sweden

To address the problems in the traditional speech signal noise elimination methods, such as the residual noise, poor real-time performance and narrow applications a new method is proposed to eliminate network voice noise based on deep learning of conditional generation adversarial network. In terms of the perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ) and shorttime objective intelligibility measure (STOI) functions used as the loss function in the neural network, which were used as the loss function in the neural network, the flexibility of the whole network was optimized, and the training process of the model simplified. The experimental results indicate that, under the noisy environment, especially in a restaurant, the proposed noise reduction scheme improves the STOI score by 26.23% and PESQ score by 17.18%, respectively, compared with the traditional Wiener noise reduction algorithm. Therefore, the sound sensor's noise reduction scheme through our approach has achieved a remarkable noise reduction effect, more useful information transmission, and stronger practicability.

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