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Industrial challenges with quality requirements in safety critical software systems

Industrial challenges with quality requirements in safety cr...

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39th Euromicro Conference Series on Software engineering and Advanced Applications, SEAA 2013

作者： Shahrokni, Ali Feldt, Robert Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothanburg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550916

Budget constraints and the difficulty to specify quality requirements, such as reliability, robustness, and safety present challenges to many software companies in particular if they develop safety-critical systems. Failing to specify this type of requirements properly can lead to misunderstandings between the developers and the customers, which can threaten the quality of the system. However, little information is available on how companies currently work with these requirements. This paper describes the state of requirements engineering practice and identifies challenges with quality requirements by conducting a requirements analysis on two projects, including 980 requirements, at a company developing safety-critical systems. We also compare to similar results for a company developing end user software. Problematic and ambiguous requirements have caused misunderstandings with the customers and introduced late and project-critical costs to the projects. The results show that despite a high percentage of quality requirements at the company, the majority of these requirements are non-quantified, which potentially leads to lower verifiability, high ambiguity and can create late-project delays in verification and validation. Our study adds empirical evidence on the characteristics and challenges of real-world requirements engineering for safety-critical systems. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Requirements engineering

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A greedy algorithm for the unforecasted energy dispatch problemwith storage in smart grids 13

A greedy algorithm for the unforecasted energy dispatch prob...

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4th ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems, e-Energy 2013

作者： Georgiadis, Georgios Papatriantafilou, Marina Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781450320528

Integration of renewable and distributed energy sources is today possible through the use of the Smart Grid but these technologies bring benefits as well as challenges, such as their intermittent nature that leads to utilization problems for the grid. On the other hand, upcoming storage technologies, such as electrical cars, hold the potential to store and utilize this intermittent supply at a later time but bring challenges of their own, for example efficient storage utilization and intermittent energy demand. In this work we propose a novel modeling of the problem of unforecasted energy dispatch with storage as a scheduling problem of tasks on machines and an associated greedy algorithm with a guaranteed performance, along with an efficient algorithm for the problem. Finally, we outline an extensive simulation study for a variety of scenarios based on data from a large network of customers. © 2013 Authors.

关键词： Smart power grids

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Translating platform-independent code into natural language texts

Translating platform-independent code into natural language ...

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1st International Conference on Model-Driven engineering and Software Development, MODELSWARD 2013

作者： Burden, Håkan Heldal, Rogardt Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9789898565426

Understanding software artifacts is not only time-consuming, without the proper training and experience it can be impossible. From a model-driven perspective there are two benefits from translating platform-independent models into natural language texts: First, the non-functional properties of the solution have already been omitted meaning that the translations focus on describing the functional behaviour of the system. Second, the platform-independent models are reusable across platforms and so are the translations generated from them. As a proof-of-concept a platform-independent Action language is translated into natural language texts through the framework of model transformations.

关键词： Translation (languages)

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Identifying suitable attributes for security and dependability metrication

Identifying suitable attributes for security and dependabili...

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7th International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems and Technologies, SECURWARE 2013

作者： Jonsson, Erland Pirzadeh, Laleh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781612082981

In this paper, we suggest a framework for security and dependability metrics that is based on a number of non-functional system attributes. The attributes are the traditional security attributes (the "CIA") and a set of dependability attributes. Based on a system model, we group those attributes into protective attributes and behavioural attributes and propose that metrication should be done in accordance. We also discuss the dependence between these two sets of attributes and how it affects the corresponding metrics. The metrics themselves are only defined to a limited degree. The concepts of security and dependability largely reflect the same basic system meta-property and are partly overlapping. We claim that the suggested approach will facilitate making quantitative assessment of the integrated concept of security and dependability as reflected by those attributes.

关键词： Behavioural metrics Protective metrics Security and dependability metrics Security and dependability modelling

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A study of the impact of single bit-flip and double bit-flip errors on program execution 1

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32nd International Conference on computer Safety, Reliability, and Security, SAFECOMP 2013

作者： Ayatolahi, Fatemeh Sangchoolie, Behrooz Johansson, Roger Karlsson, Johan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Gothenburg Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9783642407932

ISBN: (纸本)9783642407925

This paper presents the results of an extensive experimental study of bit-flip errors in instruction set architecture registers and main memory locations. Comprising more than two million fault injection experiments conducted with thirteen benchmark programs, the study provides insights on whether it is necessary to consider double bit-flip errors in dependability benchmarking experiments. The results show that the proportion of silent data corruptions in the program output, is almost the same for single and double bit errors. In addition, we present detailed statistics about the error sensitivity of different target registers and memory locations, including bit positions within registers and memory words. These show that the error sensitivity varies significantly between different bit positions and registers. An important observation is that injections in certain bit positions always have the same impact regardless of when the error is injected. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Towards R&D as innovation experiment systems: A framework for moving beyond agile software development

Towards R&D as innovation experiment systems: A framework fo...

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12th IASTED International Conference on Software engineering, SE 2013

作者： Olsson, Helena Holmström Bosch, Jan Alahyari, Hiva Department of Computer Science Malmö University Malmö Sweden Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9780889869431

In focusing on flexibility, efficiency and speed, agile development practices have lead to a paradigm shift in how software is developed. However, while agile practices have indeed proven to be successful these are not the final step of software development. There is a "beyond agile" in which software development companies can capitalize even more on customer contributions and where customer feedback is the main driver for innovation. In this paper, we present a multiple-case study where we explore five software development companies moving from agile towards continuous deployment of software and a future in which R&D works as an 'innovation experiment system'. Based on a qualitative interview study, we present benefits and barriers when moving towards R&D as an innovation experiment system. Also, we present a framework in which we identify key initiatives that companies deploy in order to evolve their software development practices.

关键词： Software design

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Analysis of the impact of data granularity on privacy for the smart grid

Analysis of the impact of data granularity on privacy for th...

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1st ACM Workshop on Language Support for Privacy-Enhancing Technologies, PETShop 2013 - Co-located with the 20th ACM Conference on computer and Communications Security, CCS 2013

作者： Tudor, Valentin Almgren, Magnus Papatriantafilou, Marina Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781450324854

The upgrade of the electricity network to the ''smart grid'' has been intensified in the last years. The new automated devices being deployed gather large quantities of data that offer promises of a more resilient grid but also raise privacy concerns among customers and energy distributors. In this paper, we focus on the energy consumption traces that smart meters generate and especially on the risk of being able to identify individual customers given a large dataset of these traces. This is a question raised in the related literature and an important privacy research topic. We present an overview of the current research regarding privacy in the Advanced Metering Infrastructure. We make a formalization of the problem of de-anonymization by matching low-frequency and high-frequency smart metering datasets and we also build a threat model related to this problem. Finally, we investigate the characteristics of these datasets in order to make them more resilient to the de-anonymization process. Our methodology can be used by electricity companies to better understand the properties of their smart metering datasets and the conditions under which such datasets can be released to third parties. © 2013 ACM.

关键词： Smart meters

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The early stage software startup development model: A framework for operationalizing lean principles in software startups 4th

The early stage software startup development model: A framew...

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4th International Conference on Lean Enterprise Software and Systems, LESS 2013

作者： Bosch, Jan Olsson, Helena Holmström Björk, Jens Ljungblad, Jens Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden Department of Computer Science Malmö University Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9783642449291

Software startups are more popular than ever and growing in numbers. They operate under conditions of extreme uncertainty and face many challenges. Often, agile development practices and lean principles are suggested as ways to increase the odds of succeeding as a startup, as they both advocate close customer collaboration and short feedback cycles focusing on delivering direct customer value. However, based on an interview study we see that despite guidance and support in terms of well-known and documented development methods, practitioners find it difficult to implement and apply these in practice. To explore this further, and to propose operational support for software startup companies, this study aims at investigating (1) what are the typical challenges when finding a product idea worth scaling, and (2) what solution would serve to address these challenges. To this end, we propose the ‘Early Stage Software Startup Development Model’ (ESSSDM). The model extends already existing lean principles, but offers novel support for practitioners for investigating multiple product ideas in parallel, for determining when to move forward with a product idea, and for deciding when to abandon a product idea. The model was evaluated in a software startup project, as well as with industry professionals within the software startup domain. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013.

关键词： Software design

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Technical evaluation of the Carolo-Cup 2014 - A competition for self-driving miniature cars

Technical evaluation of the Carolo-Cup 2014 - A competition ...

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International Workshop on Robot Sensing (ROSE)

作者： Sebastian Zug Christoph Steup Julian-B. Scholle Christian Berger Olaf Landsiedel Fabian Schuldt Jens Rieken Richard Matthaei Thomas Form Department for Distributed Systems Otto-von-Guericke Universitat Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology & University of Gothenburg Goteborg Sweden Department Vehicle Electronics Technische Lnivcrsitat Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany

The Carolo-Cup competition conducted for the eighth time this year, is an international student competition focusing on autonomous driving scenarios implemented on 1:10 scale car models. Three practical sub-competitions have to be realized in this context and represent a complex, interdisciplinary challenge. Hence, students have to cope with all core topics like mechanical development, electronic design, and programming as addressed usually by robotic applications. In this paper we introduce the competition challenges in detail and evaluate the results of all 13 participating teams from the 2014 competition. For this purpose, we analyze technical as well as non-technical configurations of each student group and derive best practices, lessons learned, and criteria as a precondition for a successful participation. Due to the comprehensive orientation of the Carolo-Cup, this knowledge can be applied on comparable projects and related competitions as well.

关键词： Educational institutions Robots Best practices Fault tolerance Fault tolerant systems Software

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Towards data-driven product development: A multiple case study on post-deployment data usage in software-intensive embedded systems 4th

Towards data-driven product development: A multiple case stu...

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4th International Conference on Lean Enterprise Software and Systems, LESS 2013

作者： Holmström Olsson, Helena Bosch, Jan Department of Computer Science Malmö University Malmö Sweden Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9783642449291

Today, products within telecommunication, transportation, consumer electronics, home automation, security etc. involve an increasing amount of software. As a result, organizations that have a tradition within hardware development are transforming to become software-intensive organizations. This implies products where software constitutes the majority of functionality, costs, future investments, and potential. While this shift poses a number of challenges, it brings with it opportunities as well. One of these opportunities is to collect product data in order to learn about product use, to inform product management decisions, and for improving already deployed products. In this paper, we focus on the opportunity to use post-deployment data, i.e. data that is generated while products are used, as a basis for product improvement and new product development. We do so by studying three software development companies involved in large-scale development of embedded software. In our study, we highlight limitations in post-deployment data usage and we conclude that post-deployment data remains an untapped resource for most companies. The contribution of the paper is two-fold. First, we present key opportunities for more effective product development based on post-deployment data usage. Second, we propose a framework for organizations interested in advancing their use of post-deployment product data. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013.

关键词： Embedded systems

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