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Exploring costs and benefits of using UML on maintenance: Preliminary findings of a case study in a large IT department 3

Exploring costs and benefits of using UML on maintenance: Pr...

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3rd International Workshop on Experiences and Empirical Studies in Software Modeling, EESSMod 2013 - Co-located with 16th International Conference on Model Driven engineering Languages and Systems, MoDELS 2013

作者： Fernández-Sáez, Ana M. Chaudron, Michel R.V. Genero, Marcela ALARCOS Research Group Instituto de Tecnologías y Sistemas de Información University of Castilla-La Mancha Spain Joint Computer Science and Engineering Department Chalmers University of Technology University of Gothenburg Sweden

UML has become the de-facto standard for graphical modelling of software. One source of resistance to model-based development in software or-ganizations is the perception that the use of UML is not cost-effective. It is im-portant to study what costs and benefits are experienced in industrial use, and in what context. In this paper we pay special attention to the maintenance phase, because maintenance consumes a significant part of software project resources. This paper describes a case study in an industrial context: the software depart-ment of a large multinational company. This case study presents qualitative analysis based on 20 out of 36 interviews performed with employees who played different roles in the company and provided different views about the use of UML. The results revealed that the investment needed for using UML in a company is relatively small and that it is mostly related to tooling and train-ing. The principal use of UML diagrams is communication. The use of UML diagrams is also found to be related to fewer software defects. The costs of UML use should not be considered as a high investment. The paybacks of using UML are a better understanding of the problem domain, improved communica-tion, reduction of software defects, improvement in software quality or reduc-tion of software maintenance effort. Copyright © 2013 for the individual papers by the papers' authors.

关键词： computer software maintenance

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Teaching and learning mathematical modelling and problem solving: A case study

Teaching and learning mathematical modelling and problem sol...

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International Conference of the Portuguese Society for engineering Education (CISPEE)

作者： Dag Wedelin Tom Adawi Tabassum Jahan Sven Andersson Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden Department of Applied IT Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden

engineering students often fail to connect and apply what they have learnt in introductory mathematics courses to other subjects, sometimes leading to the belief that mathematics is not relevant to them. To bridge this gap between mathematical theory and practice, we have designed a course in mathematical modelling and problem solving at chalmers university of technology. The main purpose of the present study is to investigate and better understand what challenges engineering students experience when dealing with mathematical modelling problems and what strategies they use to overcome those challenges. Data was collected through semistructured interviews with six students early in the course and the interviews were based on two problems that the students had solved during the course. The data was analysed using basic strategies for qualitative analysis and led to the identification of two central challenges experienced by the students as well as several strategies for overcoming them. The first challenge is that students are not fully aware of the importance of understanding the problem, and the second is that students get stuck because they do not sufficiently consider alternatives in a non-linear solution process. While these issues have little to do with mathematical modelling as such, the modelling problems given clearly reveal these shortcomings, which we see as lacking problem solving skills. Our findings confirm the importance of teaching mathematical modelling and problem solving, and in a more general setting we see cognitive apprenticeship as a promising framework for teaching and learning in engineering education.

关键词： Problem-solving Mathematical model Interviews Educational institutions engineering students

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Customer-Specific Teams for Agile Evolution of Large-Scale Embedded Systems

Customer-Specific Teams for Agile Evolution of Large-Scale E...

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Euromicro Conference on Software engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)

作者： Helena Holmström Olsson Jan Bosch Hiva Alahyari Department of Computer Science Malmö University Malmo Sweden Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden

For more than a decade, agile methods have shown successful for increasing responsiveness to customer needs. Agile methods advocate close customer collaboration in the early phases of software development. However, research on how to maintain agile ways of working during software evolution is scarce. Based on a qualitative interview study, this paper explores how benefits of agile practices can be established and maintained in the evolution phase of software development. We direct our attention to large-scale software development of embedded systems where development companies struggle to meet the needs of a large customer base. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. First, we propose customer-specific teams as a way to reap the benefits of agile methods in the evolution phase of large-scale software development. Second, we confirm the use of these teams as successful for improving customer responsiveness, customer satisfaction and feature quality during software evolution.

关键词： Interviews Collaboration Companies Software systems Customer satisfaction

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The role of language evolution in digital archives 3

The role of language evolution in digital archives

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3rd International Workshop on Semantic Digital Archives, SDA 2013 - Co-located with 17th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries, TPDL 2013

作者： Tahmasebi, Nina Risse, Thomas Computer Science and Engineering Department Chalmers University of Technology St.Gothenburg412 96 Sweden L3S Research Center Appelstr. 9 Hannover30167 Germany

With advancements in technology and culture, our language changes. We invent new words, add or change meanings of existing words and change names of existing things. Left untackled, these changes in language create a gap between the language known by users and the language stored in our digital archives. In particular, they affect our possibility to firstly find content and secondly interpret that content. In this paper we discuss the limitations brought on by language evolution and existing methodology for automatically finding evolution. We discuss measured needed in the near future to ensure semantically accessible digital archives for long-term preservation. © 2013 for the individual papers by the papers' authors.

关键词： Digital archives Finding and understanding content Language evolution

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BlogNEER: Applying named entity evolution recognition on the blogosphere 3

BlogNEER: Applying named entity evolution recognition on the...

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3rd International Workshop on Semantic Digital Archives, SDA 2013 - Co-located with 17th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries, TPDL 2013

作者： Holzmann, Helge Tahmasebi, Nina Risse, Thomas L3S Research Center Appelstr. 9 Hannover30167 Germany Computer Science and Engineering Department Chalmers University of Technology St.Gothenburg412 96 Sweden

The introduction of Social Media allowed more people to publish texts by removing barriers that are technical but also social such as the editorial controls that exist in traditional media. The resulting language tends to be more like spoken language because people adapt their use to the medium. Since spoken language is more dynamic, more new and short lived terms are introduced also in written format on the Web. In [1] we presented an unsupervised method for Named Entity Evolution Recognition (NEER) to find name changes in newspaper collections. In this paper we present BlogNEER, an extension to apply NEER on blog data. The language used in blogs is often closer to spoken language than to language used in traditional media. BlogNEER introduces a novel semantic filtering method that makes use of Semantic Web resources (i.e., DBpedia) to gain more information about terms. We present the approach of BlogNEER and initial results that show the potentials of the approach. © 2013 for the individual papers by the papers' authors.

关键词： Blogs

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On reliability analysis of leader election protocols for virtual traffic lights

On reliability analysis of leader election protocols for vir...

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2013 43rd Annual IEEE/IFIP Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks Workshop, DSN-W 2013

作者： Fathollahnejad, Negin Villani, Emilia Pathan, Risat Barbosa, Raul Karlsson, Johan Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Instituto Tecnologico de Aeronautica ITA Sao Jose dos Campos SP Brazil Dept. of Informatics Engineering University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781479901814

This paper addresses the problem of leader election in virtual traffic lights. A virtual traffic light (VTL) is a self-organizing traffic control system that allows road vehicles equipped with vehicle-to-vehicle communication facilities to implement the function of a traffic light without the support of a roadside installation. Previous research has shown that it is impossible to construct a leader election protocol that guarantees agreement among the participating vehicles in the presence of massive communication failures. The paper addresses the problem of calculating the probability of disagreement in situations where a large number of protocol messages are lost due to communication interference, so-called communication grey-outs. To this end, we present a probabilistic analysis of a family of simple round-based consensus algorithms that solve the 1-of-n selection problem. We propose to use these algorithms for the core logic of a VTL leader election protocol (LEP). Our analysis shows that the probability of disagreement depends on: i) the number of vehicles involved in the leader election, ii) the number of rounds of message exchange, iii) the probability of message loss, and iv) the decision criterion used by the LEP. We propose an optimistic and a pessimistic decision criteria for the proposed 1-of-n selection algorithms. The analysis encompass two probabilistic failure models, one for symmetric communication failures and one for asymmetric communication failures. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Reliability analysis

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Exploring Prefix-Tree Adders using Excel Spreadsheets Setting up an explorative learning environment

Exploring Prefix-Tree Adders using Excel Spreadsheets Settin...

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IEEE International Conference on Microelectronic Systems Education

作者： Kjell Jeppson Per Larsson-Edefors Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781479901395

A learning environment based on Microsoft Excel spreadsheets is presented allowing for fast and systematic exploration of different implementations of integer adder designs. The spreadsheet properties are exploited to illustrate both layout and timing properties of an adder design. The usefulness of the learning environment is demonstrated by several different examples. We also describe how the spreadsheet representation can aid the designer at the VHDL level.

关键词： student learning environment prefix-tree adders EDA tools spreadsheets Spreadsheets Learning Environment adders Microsoft Office Designers layouts

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Archetypical Approaches of Fast Software Development and Slow Embedded Projects

Archetypical Approaches of Fast Software Development and Slo...

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Euromicro Conference on Software engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)

作者： Ulrik Eklund Jan Bosch School of Technology Department Computer Science Malmö University Malmo Sweden Department Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Goteborg Sweden

This paper describes the problem context of software development for mass-produced embedded systems, with distinguishing factors such as the co-design of software and hardware, strong focus on manufacturing aspects, supplier involvement and safety-critical functionality. In this context there is a need for a holistic model to explain the failures and successes industrial projects, where just investigating a single dimension, e.g. chosen ways-of-working or architecture is not sufficient. The main contribution is a holistic model consisting of five archetypical approaches to embedded software development, based on a mapping study over industrial cases in literature. The approaches range from "traditional" stage-gate projects focusing on product qualities and large integration efforts, to fast development in short loops by autonomous teams based on a compos able software platform. The model aligns the processes with the architecture of the embedded software, and the implications on the business and the organisation. The model allows an research & development(R&D) organisation to identify where it is positioned and to evolve its software development approach. The model is elucidated by two empirical cases from a Swedish company.

关键词： computer architecture Business Embedded software Hardware Manufacturing Context

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Supporting Software Decision Meetings: Heatmaps for Visualising Test and Code Measurements

Supporting Software Decision Meetings: Heatmaps for Visualis...

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Euromicro Conference on Software engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)

作者： Robert Feldt Miroslaw Staron Erika Hult Thomas Liljegren Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Sweden RUAG Space Gothenburg Sweden

To achieve software quality it is critical to quickly understand the current test status, its changes over time as well as its relation to source code changes. However, even if this information is available in test logs and code repositories it is seldomly put to good use in supporting decision processes in software development. The amount of information is often large, is time consuming to extract and hard to monitor. This case study shows how visualisation and correlation between software measurements can support improvement discussions. In particular, simple heat maps were found to be effective to visualize and monitor changes and identify recurring patterns in the development of a space-bourn, embedded control system. Statistical analysis quantified the correlation between different sources of development data and heat maps then effectively focused the attention of stakeholders to importants parts of the system. Here the visual analysis was focused on post-project, historical data but we discuss how early identification based on dynamic data analysis could support more effective analysis, planning and execution of quality assurance. Based on our findings we state requirements on such an online, visual analysis system and present a prototype implementation that can help software measurements better support value-based decisions in software development.

关键词： Software Heating Data visualization Companies Hardware Data mining Measurement

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Finding test data with specific properties via metaheuristic search

Finding test data with specific properties via metaheuristic...

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International Symposium on Software Reliability engineering (ISSRE)

作者： Robert Feldt Simon Poulding Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Sweden Dept. of Computer Science University of York York UK

For software testing to be effective the test data should cover a large and diverse range of the possible input domain. Boltzmann samplers were recently introduced as a systematic method to randomly generate data with a range of sizes from combinatorial classes, and there are a number of automated testing frameworks that serve a similar purpose. However, size is only one of many possible properties that data generated for software testing should exhibit. For the testing of realistic software systems we also need to trade off between multiple different properties or search for specific instances of data that combine several properties. In this paper we propose a general search-based framework for finding test data with specific properties. In particular, we use a metaheuristic, differential evolution, to search for stochastic models for the data generator. Evaluation of the framework demonstrates that it is more general and flexible than existing solutions based on random sampling.

关键词： Generators Grammar Testing Adaptation models Arrays Data models

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