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arXiv 2024年

作者： Gao, Rujun Guo, Xiaosu Li, Xiaodi Narayanan, Arun Balajiee Lekshmi Thomas, Naveen Srinivasa, Arun R. Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University J. Mike Walker '66 United States Computer Science Department University of Texas at Dallas United States Intelligent Systems Program University of Pittsburgh United States Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics Mayo Clinic United States

This study explores the feasibility of using large language models (LLMs), specifically GPT-4o (ChatGPT), for automated grading of conceptual questions in an undergraduate Mechanical Engineering course. We compared the grading performance of GPT-4o with that of human teaching assistants (TAs) on ten quiz problems from the MEEN 361 course at Texas A&M University, each answered by approximately 225 students. Both the LLM and TAs followed the same instructor-provided rubric to ensure grading consistency. We evaluated performance using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) to assess the alignment between rankings and the accuracy of scores assigned by GPT-4o and TAs under zero- and few-shot grading settings. In the zero-shot setting, GPT-4o demonstrated a strong correlation with TA grading, with Spearman's rank correlation coefficient exceeding 0.6 in seven out of ten datasets and reaching a high of 0.9387. Our analysis reveals that GPT-4o performs well when grading criteria are straightforward but struggles with nuanced answers, particularly those involving synonyms not present in the rubric. The model also tends to grade more stringently in ambiguous cases compared to human TAs. Overall, ChatGPT shows promise as a tool for grading conceptual questions, offering scalability and consistency. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Students

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Flaw selection strategies for partial-order planning

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Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 1997年第1期6卷

作者： Martha E. Pollack David Joslin Massimo Paolucci Department of Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Program University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA Computational Intelligence Research Laboratory University of Oregon Eugene OR Intelligent Systems Program University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA

Several recent studies have compared the relative efficiency of alternative flaw selection strategies for partial-order causal link (POCL) planning. We review this literature, and present new experimental results that generalize the earlier work and explain some of the discrepancies in it. In particular, we describe the Least-Cost Flaw Repair (LCFR) strategy developed and analyzed by Joslin and Pollack (1994), and compare it with other strategies, including Gerevini and Schubert's (1996) ZLIFO strategy. LCFR and ZLIFO make very different, and apparently conflicting claims about the most effective way to reduce search-space size in POCL planning. We resolve this conflict, arguing that much of the benefit that Gerevini and Schubert ascribe to the LIFO component of their ZLIFO strategy is better attributed to other causes. We show that for many problems, a strategy that combines least-cost flaw selection with the delay of separable threats will be effective in reducing search-space size, and will do so without excessive computational overhead. Although such a strategy thus provides a good default, we also show that certain domain characteristics may reduce its effectiveness.

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Publisher Correction: The ENCODE Imputation Challenge: a critical assessment of methods for cross-cell type imputation of epigenomic profiles

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Genome biology 2025年第1期26卷 31页

作者： Jacob Matthew Schreiber Carles A Boix Jin Wook Lee Hongyang Li Yuanfang Guan Chun-Chieh Chang Jen-Chien Chang Alex Hawkins-Hooker Bernhard Schölkopf Gabriele Schweikert Mateo Rojas Carulla Arif Canakoglu Francesco Guzzo Luca Nanni Marco Masseroli Mark James Carman Pietro Pinoli Chenyang Hong Kevin Y Yip Jefrey P Spence Sanjit Singh Batra Yun S Song Shaun Mahony Zheng Zhang Wuwei Tan Yang Shen Yuanfei Sun Minyi Shi Jessika Adrian Richard S Sandstrom Nina P Farrell Jessica M Halow Kristen Lee Lixia Jiang Xinqiong Yang Charles B Epstein J Seth Strattan Bradley E Bernstein Michael P Snyder Manolis Kellis William S Noble Anshul Bharat Kundaje Department of Genetics Stanford University Stanford CA USA. jmschreiber91@***. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA. Department of Genetics Stanford University Stanford CA USA. Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA. Department of Research and Development DeepSeq.AI San Francisco CA USA. RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Japan. Department of Empirical Inference Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems Stuttgart Germany. School of Life Sciences University of Dundee Dundee UK. Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering Politecnico Di Milano Milan Italy. Department of Computational Biology University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland. Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Sha Tin Hong Kong. Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute San Diego CA USA. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA. Department of Statistics University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA. Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Center for Eukaryotic Gene Regulation Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA. Department of Statistics Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX USA. Altius Institute Seattle WA USA. Epigenomics Program The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA. Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington Seattle WA USA. Department of Computer Science Stanford University Stanford CA USA.

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Local Periodicity-Based Beat Tracking for Expressive Classical Piano Music

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Chiu, Ching-Yu Müller, Meinard Davies, Matthew E.P. Su, Alvin Wen-Yu Yang, Yi-Hsuan The Graduate Program of Multimedia Systems and Intelligent Computing National Cheng Kung University Academia Sinica Taiwan The International Audio Laboratories Erlangen Germany The Department of Informatics Engineering Centre for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra University of Coimbra Portugal The Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Taiwan Yating Music Team Taiwan AI Labs Taiwan Research Center for IT Innovation Academia Sinica Taiwan

To model the periodicity of beats, state-of-the-art beat tracking systems use "post-processing trackers" (PPTs) that rely on several empirically determined global assumptions for tempo transition, which work well for music with a steady tempo. For expressive classical music, however, these assumptions can be too rigid. With two large datasets of Western classical piano music, namely the Aligned Scores and Performances (ASAP) dataset and a dataset of Chopin's Mazurkas (Maz-5), we report on experiments showing the failure of existing PPTs to cope with local tempo changes, thus calling for new methods. In this paper, we propose a new local periodicity-based PPT, called predominant local pulse-based dynamic programming (PLPDP) tracking, that allows for more flexible tempo transitions. Specifically, the new PPT incorporates a method called "predominant local pulses" (PLP) in combination with a dynamic programming (DP) component to jointly consider the locally detected periodicity and beat activation strength at each time instant. Accordingly, PLPDP accounts for the local periodicity, rather than relying on a global tempo assumption. Compared to existing PPTs, PLPDP particularly enhances the recall values at the cost of a lower precision, resulting in an overall improvement of F1-score for beat tracking in ASAP (from 0.473 to 0.493) and Maz-5 (from 0.595 to 0.838). © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Dynamic programming

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Journal of Information science and Engineering: Editorial notice

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Journal of Information science and Engineering 2005年第5期21卷 i-ii页

作者： Lee, Der-Tsai Amato, Nancy M. Chang, Shih-Fu Chen, Homer H. Chen, Tsuhan Hsu, Tsan-Sheng Hwang, Jenq-Neng Kuo, Sy-Yen Kuo, Tei-Wei Li, Chung-Sheng Tokuyama, Takeshi Wing, Jeannette Wu, Tzong-Chen Yen, John Computer Science at Texas A and M University United States Parasol Laboratory United States IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems Computing Research Association's Committee on the Status of Women in Computing Research CRA-W's Distributed Mentor Program United States Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia University United States Lab. United States College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Taiwan University Taiwan IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology IEEE Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA United States ACM ACM SIGACT IEEE Computer Society IICM Austria Research and Development of the Department Multimedia Signal Processing Technical Committee IEEE Signal Processing Society United States IEEE Transactions on Circuits and systems for Video Technology College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan IEEE Technical Committee on Real-Time Systems Computer Science Division IBM T.J. Watson Research Center United States IBM Research Division Graduate School of Information Sciences Tohoku University Japan ACM IPSJ Mathematical Society of Japan Japan Department of Computer Science Computer Science Department Carnegie Mellon University United States National Academies of Science's Computer Science and Telecommunications Board United States Microsoft's Trustworthy Academic Advisory Board Intel Research Pittsburgh's Advisory Board United States Dartmouth's Institute for Security Technology Studies Advisory Committee Canada Sloan Research Fellowships Program Committee United States ACM Taiwan China Information Sciences and Technology Pennsylvania State University United States Laboratory for Intelligent Agents Penn State's School of Info

No abstract available

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Link prediction of LOD by multiple label propagation algorithm considering semantic distance

Link prediction of LOD by multiple label propagation algorit...

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IEEE Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE)

作者： Toshitaka Maki Kazuki Takahashi Akihiro Yamaguchi Toshihiko Wakahara Toru Kobayashi Akihisa Kodate Noboru Sonehara Intelligent Information System Engineering Fukuoka Institute of Technology FIT Fukuoka Japan Communication & Information Networking Fukuoka Institute of Technology FIT Fukuoka Japan Information and Systems Engineering Fukuoka Institute of Technology FIT Fukuoka Japan Computer and Information Sciences Program Nagasaki University Nagasaki Univ. Nagasaki Japan Department of Computer Science Tsuda College Tsuda Tokyo Japan Information and Society Research Division National Institute of Informatics NII Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781509023349

This paper presents link prediction of Linked Open Data (LOD) by Multiple Label Propagation Algorithm (MLPA). The current LOD do not have enough links. Therefore, the LOD have not been able to exert so much semantic characteristics. In order to solve this problem, we proposed the MLPA considering semantic distance. The MLPA can expand potential links of each data contained in the LOD. The experimental result of the MLPA shows the good performance and the validity of this algorithm is confirmed.

关键词： Prediction algorithms Semantics Metadata Algorithm design and analysis Conferences Consumer electronics Resource description framework

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Fair Patient Model: Mitigating Bias in the Patient Representation Learned from the Electronic Health Records

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sivarajkumar, Sonish Huang, Yufei Wang, Yanshan Intelligent Systems Program School of Computing and Information University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Department of Health Information Management University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Department of Biomedical Informatics University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Clinical and Translational Science Institute University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States

Objective: To pre-train fair and unbiased patient representations from Electronic Health Records (EHRs) using a novel weighted loss function that reduces bias and improves fairness in deep representation learning models. Methods: We defined a new loss function, called weighted loss function, in the deep representation learning model to balance the importance of different groups of patients and features. We applied the proposed model, called Fair Patient Model (FPM), to a sample of 34,739 patients from the MIMIC-III dataset and learned patient representations for four clinical outcome prediction tasks. Results: FPM outperformed the baseline models in terms of three fairness metrics: demographic parity, equality of opportunity difference, and equalized odds ratio. FPM also achieved comparable predictive performance with the baselines, with an average accuracy of 0.7912. Feature analysis revealed that FPM captured more information from clinical features than the baselines. Conclusion: FPM is a novel method to pre-train fair and unbiased patient representations from EHR data using a weighted loss function. The learned representations can be used for various downstream tasks in healthcare and can be extended to other domains where bias and fairness are important. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep learning

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Speaker-Specific Articulatory Feature Extraction Based on Knowledge Distillation for Speaker Recognition

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APSIPA Transactions on Signal and Information Processing 2023年第2期12卷

作者： Qian-Bei Hong Hsin-Min Wang Chung-Hsien Wu Graduate Program of Multimedia Systems and Intelligent Computing National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica Taiwan Graduate Program of Multimedia Systems and Intelligent Computing National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica and Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Taiwan

This paper proposes a novel speaker-specific articulatory feature (AF) extraction model based on knowledge distillation (KD) for speaker recognition. First, an AF extractor is trained as a teacher model for extracting the AF profiles of the input speaker dataset. Next, a KD-based speaker embedding extraction method is proposed to distill the speaker-specific information from the AF profiles in the teacher model to a student model based on multi-task learning, in which the lower layers not only capture the speaker characteristics from acoustic features, but also learn the speaker-specific features from the AF profiles for robust speaker representation. Finally, speaker embeddings are extracted from the high-level layer, and the obtained speaker embeddings are further used to train a probabilistic linear discriminant analysis (PLDA) model for speaker recognition. In the experiments, speaker embedding models were trained using the VoxCeleb2 dataset and the AF extractor was trained based on the LibriSpeech dataset, and the performance was evaluated using the VoxCeleb1 dataset. The experiments showed that the proposed KD-based models outperformed the baseline models without KD. Furthermore, feature concatenation of multimodal results can further improve the performance.

关键词： Speaker recognition articulatory feature knowledge distillation

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Data Processing of Functional Optical Microscopy for Neuroscience

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Benisty, Hadas Song, Alexander Mishne, Gal Charles, Adam S. Yale Neuroscience New HavenCT06510 United States Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems Stuttgart Germany Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Neurosciences Graduate Program UC San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute Center for Imaging Science Department of Neuroscience Mathematical Institute for Data Science Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21287 United States

Functional optical imaging in neuroscience is rapidly growing with the development of new optical systems and fluorescence indicators. To realize the potential of these massive spatiotemporal datasets for relating neuronal activity to behavior and stimuli and uncovering local circuits in the brain, accurate automated processing is increasingly essential. In this review, we cover recent computational developments in the full data processing pipeline of functional optical microscopy for neuroscience data and discuss ongoing and emerging challenges. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Fluorescence microscopy

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Inter-rater reliability of the infectious disease modeling reproducibility checklist (IDMRC) as applied to COVID-19 computational modeling research

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BMC Infectious Diseases 2023年第1期23卷 733-733页

作者： Pokutnaya, Darya Van Panhuis, Willem G Childers, Bruce Hawkins, Marquis S Arcury-Quandt, Alice E Matlack, Meghan Carpio, Kharlya Hochheiser, Harry Department of Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA United States Office of Data Science and Emerging Technologies National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Rockville MD United States Department of Computer Science University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA United States Department of Environmental and Occupational Health University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA United States Department of Biomedical Informatics Intelligent Systems Program and Clinical and Translational Science Institute University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA United States

Background: Infectious disease computational modeling studies have been widely published during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, yet they have limited reproducibility. Developed through an iterative testing process with multiple reviewers, the Infectious Disease Modeling Reproducibility Checklist (IDMRC) enumerates the minimal elements necessary to support reproducible infectious disease computational modeling publications. The primary objective of this study was to assess the reliability of the IDMRC and to identify which reproducibility elements were unreported in a sample of COVID-19 computational modeling publications. Methods: Four reviewers used the IDMRC to assess 46 preprint and peer reviewed COVID-19 modeling studies published between March 13th, 2020, and July 30th, 2020. The inter-rater reliability was evaluated by mean percent agreement and Fleiss’ kappa coefficients (κ). Papers were ranked based on the average number of reported reproducibility elements, and average proportion of papers that reported each checklist item were tabulated. Results: Questions related to the computational environment (mean κ = 0.90, range = 0.90–0.90), analytical software (mean κ = 0.74, range = 0.68–0.82), model description (mean κ = 0.71, range = 0.58–0.84), model implementation (mean κ = 0.68, range = 0.39–0.86), and experimental protocol (mean κ = 0.63, range = 0.58–0.69) had moderate or greater (κ > 0.41) inter-rater reliability. Questions related to data had the lowest values (mean κ = 0.37, range = 0.23–0.59). Reviewers ranked similar papers in the upper and lower quartiles based on the proportion of reproducibility elements each paper reported. While over 70% of the publications provided data used in their models, less than 30% provided the model implementation. Conclusions: The IDMRC is the first comprehensive, quality-assessed tool for guiding researchers in reporting reproducible infectious disease computational modeling studies. The inter-rater re

关键词： Coronavirus Disease 2019 COVID-19 Epidemiology Infectious Disease Modeling Reproducibility

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