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1998 AAAI Fall Symposium

作者： Horty, John F. Pollack, Martha E. Philosophy Department Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Computer Science Intelligent Systems Program University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States

Progress in cognitive robotics can comeeither fromefforts to provide physical robots with more autonomy, or from efforts to make AI techniques more generally applicable to the needs of robotic agents. Weare conducting research on dynamic plan management, whichis an instance of the latter type of effort. In this paper, we provide an overview of our research project. Plan managementis the process (or set of related processes) by which a goal-directed agent coordinates, updates, and monitors its plans in response to ongoing changes in its environment. We discuss the main challenges in automating plan management, and then illustrate our approach by focusing on one plan management task: evaluating options for action in the context of existing plans. We also briefly describe the Plan Management Agent (PMA), a system weare building as a testbed for our plan management theories. Although PMA is not a robotic system, weare interested in also applying dynamicplan managementechniques to mobile robots, whichis whyweare participating in this symposium. © 1998, AAAI (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Robotics

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Plan generation, plan management, and the design of computational agents

Plan generation, plan management, and the design of computat...

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International Conference on Multi Agent systems

作者： M.E. Pollack Department of Computer Science Intelligent Systems Program University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA

A significant amount of prior research effort in the field of artificial intelligence has gone into the design and analysis of planning algorithms. For the most part, the work has been guided by several strong, simplifying assumptions, most notably, that the plans will be performed in static, deterministic environments. Although these assumptions have made rigorous formal analysis possible, they make sense only for a limited number of applications, in which planning is done more or less in isolation of other reasoning tasks, and also in isolation of plan execution. Once one turns attention to agents that perform autonomously in dynamic, uncertain environments-including multi-agent environments-the assumptions made by traditional planners are violated, and it becomes necessary to rethink the traditional AI approaches to planning.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Microwave integrated circuits computer science intelligent systems Computational and artificial intelligence Algorithm design and analysis Environmental management Technology management Delay Monitoring

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Contingency selection in plan generation

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4th European Conference on Planning, ECP 1997

作者： Onder, Nilufer Pollack, Martha E. Department of Computer Science University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 United States Intelligent Systems Program University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540639128

A key question in conditional planning is: how many, and which of the possible execution failures should be planned for? One cannot, in general, plan for all the failures that can be anticipated: there are simply too many. But neither can one ignore all the possible failures, or one will fail to produce sufficiently flexible plans. We describe a planning system that attempts to identify the contingencies that contribute the most to a plan's overall value. Plan generation proceeds by extending the plan to include actions that will be taken in case the identified contingencies fail, iterating until either a given expected value threshold is reached or the planning time is exhausted. We provide details of the algorithm, discuss its implementation in the Mahinur system, and give initial results of experiments comparing it with the C-Buridan approach to conditional planning.

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Contingency Selection in Plan Generation

Contingency Selection in Plan Generation

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1996 AAAI Fall Symposium

作者： Onder, Nilufer Pollack, Martha E. Department of Computer Science University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Department of Computer Science Intelligent Systems Program University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States

Akey question in conditional planning is: howmany, andwhich of the possible executionfailures shouldbe plannedfor? Onecannot, in general, plan for all the possible failures because the search spaceis too large. One cannotig noreall the possible failures, or onewill fail to produce sufficiently flexibleplans. In this paper, wedescribe an approachto conditional planning that attempts to identify the contingencies that contribute the mostto a plan's overall utility. Plan generation proceeds by handling the most important contingencies first, extending the plan to include actions that will be taken in case the contingency fails. Wediscuss the representational issues that mustbe addressedin order to implementsuch an algorithm, and present an examplewhichillustrates our approach. © 1996, AAAI (***). All rights reserved.

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Coordinated fuzzy logic control between SVC and PSS to enhance stability of power systems

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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING IN JAPAN 1996年第1期116卷 43-54页

作者： Kihara, H Hiyama, T Miyauchi, H Ortmeyer, TH Kumamoto University B.E. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Kumamoto University in 1986 and 1988 respectively and is currently in the doctoral program at the university. In 1988 he joined Kyushu Electric Power Co. and is working in the Research Division. B.E. M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Kyoto University Japan in 1969 1971 and 1980 respectively. He joined Kumamoto University in 1971 and he has been a Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science since 1989. During the period of June 1985 through September 1986 he was at Clarkson University and was involved with power system harmonics research. His current interests include intelligent control of electric power systems using fuzzy logic control scheme and neural network measurement and real time control of photovoltaic systems and harmonic analysis in distribution systems. He is a senior member of IEEE SICE of Japan and Japan Solar Energy Society. B.E. M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Kyoto University in 1981 1983 and 1991 respectively. He joined Kyoto University in 1985. Since 1993 he has been at Kumamoto University and currently is an Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. His current interests include stabilizing control of electric power system and applications of the Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) to electric power systems. He is a member of IEEE and Institute of Systems Control and Information Engineers of Japan. B.S.E.E. degree in 1972 his M.S.E.E. degree in 1977 and Ph.D. degree in 1980 all from Iowa State University. From 1972 to 1976 he worked in the Operational Analysis Department Commonwealth Edison Company Chicago Illinois. Since 1979 he has been at Clarkson University Potsdam N.Y. where he is a Professor of Electrical Engineering. During the period of July 1993 to June 1994 he was also a Visiting Professor at Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan. His current interests include harmonic performance po

This paper presents a new switching control scheme for static var compensator (SVC) using fuzzy logic control rules to enhance the overall stability of electric power systems. In addition, the coordination with power system stabilizers (PSS) is also considered to achieve a wider stable region. An SVC is set on one of the busbars in the transmission system, where the real power flow signal is utilized at the location of the SVC to determine the firing angle of the thyristor switch. The switching control scheme is simple so as not to require heavy computation on the microcomputer based switching controller. The PSSs are also set on the generators in the study system. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy logic switching control scheme for the SVC. The coordination between SVC and PSS is also effective to enlarge the stable region.

关键词： fuzzy logic control scheme real time control SVC PSS FACTS

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Discourse Context

Discourse Context

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1995 AAAI Fall Symposium on Formalizing Context

作者： Thomason, Richmond H. Moore, Johanna D. Intelligent Systems Program University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Computer Science Department University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States

Wediscuss the problems of developinga theory of context that applies to the phenomena of naturally occurring discourse and that might be useful in assisting with the problemsthat arise in generating and interpreting discourse. The theories of context that have recently emergedin AI treat context as a determinant of literal *** idea doesin fact fit somenatural language *** we suggest (1) that the account is inadequate for important effects that occur in discourse, and moreover(2) in discourse, the mutuality of context provides important constraints on the dynamicsof context. Weexplore these ideas in the paper, andalso describe an ongoing project that seeks to develop an empirically adequate and computationally useful approach to the problemof contextual effects on inference in discourse. Readers, please note that this is a provisional draft that describes ongoingwork. copyright © 1995, AAAI (***). All rights reserved.

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Decomposition and Causality in Partial-Order Planning 2

Decomposition and Causality in Partial-Order Planning

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2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Planning systems, AIPS 1994

作者： Young, R. Michael Pollack, Martha E. Moore, Johanna D. Intelligent Systems Program University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Department of Computer Science University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Learning Research and Development Center University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0929280563

We describe DPOCL, a partial-order causal link planner that includes action decomposition. DPOCL builds directly on the SNLP algorithm (McAllester & Rosenblitt 1991), and hence is clear and simple, and can readily be integrated with other SNLP extensions. In addition, DPOCL is specifically designed to handle partially specified action decompositions. Plan generation in DPOCL exploits the planner's ability to fill in the missing pieces of a partially specified subplan in a way that uses the existing context of the larger plan bang constructed. Copyright © 1994, AAAI (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Decomposition

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PERFORMANCE OF A PRIORITIZED ON-BOARD BASEBAND SWITCH FOR A MULTISERVICE MULTIBEAM SATELLITE

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS 1994年第3期12卷 283-297页

作者： BOHM, S ELHAKEEM, AK HACHICHA, M Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia University 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd. West Montreal H3A 1M8 Canada Was born in Montreal Canada on 14 September 1966. He received the B. Eng. degree in electrical engineering from Concordia University Montreal Canada in 1989. He is at present completing the M.A.Sc. degree in electrical engineering at Concordia University. (S'75–S'79–M'79–SM'86) received the Ph.D. degree from Southern Methodist University Dallas TX in 1979. He spent the next two years working as a Visiting Professor in Egypt after which he moved to Ottawa Canada in 1982. He assumed teaching and research positions in Carleton and Manitoba Univerities and later moved to Concordia University Montreal Canada in 1983 where he is now a Professor in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department. He has published numerous papers in IEEE and international journals in the areas of spread spectrum and networking. He is a well-known expert in these areas and serves as a consultant to many companies. His current research interests include wide-band metropolitan networks switching architectures and performance of on-board multibeam satellites acquisitionless CDMA networks code distribution and orthogonalization of CDMA signals responsive congestion control for ATM-based networks ARQ techniques and investigation of the novel SUGAR CDMA systems in fading channels. Dr. Elhakeem is a Senior Member of the Canadian Electrical Engineering Society and Armed Forces Association. He has chaired numerous technical sessions in IEEE Conferences was the Technical Program Chairman for IEEE Montech 1986 Montreal Canada. Dr. Elhakeem is the key guest editor of theIEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Communicationsfor the May June issues 1993 covering CDMA networks. Advanced Technology & Networks VISTAR Telecommunications Inc. Ottawa Ontario K1G 3J4 Canada An Associate Director of Advanced Technology & Networks Group VISTAR Telecommunications Inc. Ottawa Canada. He is also an Adjunct Pr

In this paper, we study the performance of a prioritized on-board baseband switch in conjunction with a multibeam satellite handling integrated services. The services considered for the analysis include voice, video, file transfer and interactive data. The prioritized switch uses both input and output buffering, switch speed-up as well as a two-phase head-of-line resolution algorithm, in order to reduce the buffer loss while maintaining acceptable user delays. The minimum required buffer capacity and switch speed-up for each service in a prioritized environment are found under uniform traffic conditions. It is shown that under uniform traffic conditions, only minimal buffering and switch speed-up are needed even for the lowest priority users. The performance dependence on the switch size is also substantially reduced with head of line resolution and buffering even in a prioritized environment.

关键词： SWITCH ON-BOARD BASEBAND MULTIBEAM PRIORITIZED HEAD-OF-LINE UNIFORM LOAD SPEED-UP

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ROLE OF SIMULATION IN RAPID PROTOTYPING FOR CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1991年第3期103卷 204-211页

作者： KING, JF BARTON, DE J. Fred King:is the manager of the Advanced Technology Department for Unisys in Reston Virginia. He earned his Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of Houston in 1977. He has been principal investigator of research projects in knowledge engineering pattern recognition and heuristic problem-solving. Efforts include the development of a multi-temporal multispectral classifier for identifying graincrops using LANDSAT satellite imagery data for NASA. Also as a member of the research team for a NCI study with Baylor College of Medicine and NASA he helped develop techniques for detection of carcinoma using multispectral microphotometer scans of lung tissue. He established and became technical director of the AI Laboratory for Ford Aerospace where he developed expert scheduling modeling and knowledge acquisition systems for NASA. Since joining Unisys in 1985 he has led the development of object-oriented programming environments blackboard architectures data fusion techniques using neural networks and intelligent data base systems. Douglas E. Barton:is manager of Logistics Information Systems for Unisys in Reston Virginia. He earned his B.A. degree in computer science from the College of William and Mary in 1978 and did postgraduate work in London as a Drapers Company scholar. Since joining Unisys in 1981 his work has concentrated on program management and software engineering of large scale data base management systems and design and implementation of knowledge-based systems in planning and logistics. As chairman of the Logistics Data Subcommittee of the National Security Industrial Association (NSIA) he led an industry initiative which examined concepts in knowledge-based systems in military logistics. His responsibilities also include evaluation development and tailoring of software engineering standards and procedures for data base and knowledge-based systems. He is currently program manager of the Navigation Information Management System which provides support to the Fleet Ballistic Missile Progr

A valuable technique during concept development is rapid prototyping of software for key design components. This approach is particularly useful when the optimum design approach is not readily apparent or several known alternatives need to be rapidly evaluated. A problem inherent in rapid prototyping is the lack of a "target system" with which to interface. Some alternatives are to develop test driver libraries, integrate the prototype with an existing working simulator, or build one for the specific problem. This paper presents a unique approach to concept development using rapid prototyping for concept development and scenario-based simulation for concept verification. The rapid prototyping environment, derived from artificial intelligence technology, is based on a blackboard architecture. The rapid prototype simulation capability is provided through an object-oriented modeling environment. It is shown how both simulation and blackboard technologies are used collectively to rapidly gain insight into a tenacious problem. A specific example will be discussed where this approach was used to evolve the logic of a mission controller for an autonomous underwater vehicle.

关键词： Military Engineering

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Nonmonotonic Inheritance and Generic Reflexives 7

Nonmonotonic Inheritance and Generic Reflexives

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7th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 1988

作者： Touretzky, David S. Thomason, Richmond H. Computer Science Department Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Intelligent Systems Program University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0262510553

Generic reflexive statements such as Elephants love themselves have traditionally been formalized using some variant of predicate logic, with variables to mark coreferentiality. We present a radically different semantics for reflexives, based on nonmonotonic inheritance and an extension to Touretzky's inferential distance ordering. Our system can derive new generic reflexive statements as well as statements about individuals. And unlike the leading predicate logic-based approaches, our formalism does not use variables;this brings it closer in structure to actual human languages. The significance of this work for AI is its demonstration of the benefits of a non-classical knowledge representation for analyzing commonsense reasoning phenomena. Copyright © 1988, AAAI (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Knowledge representation

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