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2024 Frontiers in Optics, FiO 2024

作者： Chakraborty, Uttara Gao, Zhengqi Boning, Duane S. Microsystems Technology Laboratories Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue CambridgeMA02139 United States

We use Bayesian optimization with a new tunable acquisition function to design a photonic Y-splitter robust to fabrication *** to conventional acquisition functions, our method yields more robust solutions across vary... 详细信息

关键词： Photonics

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Monolithically 3D-Printed, Miniature Solenoids with Soft Magnetic Core for Compact Systems 13

Monolithically 3D-Printed, Miniature Solenoids with Soft Mag...

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13th International Conference on Power, Energy and Electrical Engineering, CPEEE 2023

作者： Cañada, Jorge Velásquez-García, Luis Fernando Massachusetts Institute of Technology Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department CambridgeMA United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology Microsystems Technology Laboratories CambridgeMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665490146

We report the design, fabrication, and characterization of the first monolithically 3D-printed, three-dimensional, three-material, cored inductors for use in compact electromagnetic systems. Additive manufacturing technologies can produce functional, freeform-compatible mechanical devices;however, the ability of additive manufacturing to create electronic components that could enable the monolithic fabrication of devices that integrate sensors and actuators is still unfulfilled. This study aims at advancing the state of the art through the demonstration of the first truly three-dimensional, monolithically 3D-printed, cored solenoids. The novel 3D-printed inductors are made via material extrusion using three PLA-based materials (dielectric, conductive, and soft magnetic). The devices attain Gauss-level magnetic fields while drawing tens-of-milliamps currents. The work is of great interest for fast and inexpensive fabrication of compact sensors, actuators, and power conversion systems, and for the integration of electronics with MEMS devices of intricate geometries. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Solenoids

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Guest Editorial Special Issue on Neuromorphic Devices and Circuits for Next-Generation Flexible Electronics in IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics

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IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics 2024年第1期3卷 2-3页

作者： Liu, Fengyuan Goswami, Sreetosh Pan, Lijia Wang, Yanzhi Fondazione Bruno Kessler Microsystems Technology Unit Center for Sensors and Devices Trento38123 Italy Northeastern University Bendable Electronics and Sustainable Technologies Group Electrical and Computer Engineering Department BostonMA02120 United States Indian Institute of Science Centre for Nano Science and Engineering Bengaluru560012 India Nanjing University School of Electronic Engineering Nanjing210023 China Northeastern University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department BostonMA02120 United States

It is fascinating how our body receives an immense amount of sensory information through numerous receptors distributed throughout the body and efficiently integrates it to make decisions for daily activities, while maintaining extremely low energy consumption and cognitive load. This bioinspired sensory information processing paradigm offers unparalleled advantages over traditional von Neumann architectures due to its exceptional energy efficiency, fault tolerance, and adaptability. While previous efforts in this area have mainly focused on the development of biomimetic sensors, it is equally important to create a computing architecture that can process sensory data locally before transmitting it to a higher level. The strategy of offloading computation at the edge can significantly reduce data latency, saving transmission bandwidth and relieving the burden of computation at a higher level, just like the way our peripheral nervous system complements the central nervous system.

关键词： Special issues and sections Neuromorphic engineering Receptor (biochemistry) Flexible electronics

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Multi-color solitons and frequency combs in microresonators

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Optics Express 2025年第10期33卷 21824-21835页

作者： Menyuk, Curtis R. Shandilya, Pradyoth Courtright, Logan Moille, Grégory Srinivasan, Kartik Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Department University of Maryland Baltimore County BaltimoreMD21250 United States Joint Quantum Institute NIST University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States

Multi-color solitons that are parametrically created in dual-pumped microresonators generate interleaved frequency combs that can be used to obtain combs at new frequencies and, when synchronized, can be used for low-noise microwave generation and potentially as an element in a chip-scale clockwork. Here, we first derive three-wave equations that describe multi-color solitons that appear in microresonators with a nearly quartic dispersion profile. These solitons are characterized by a single angular group velocity and different angular phase velocities. We then use these equations to explain the interleaved frequency combs that are observed at the output of the microresonator. Finally, we used these equations to describe the experimentally-observed soliton-OPO effect. In this effect, the pump frequency color interacts nonlinearly with a signal frequency color to create an idler frequency color in a new frequency range, somewhat analogous to an optical parametric oscillation (OPO) process, but in which the Kerr nonlinearity plays a role in matching the angular group velocity, analogous to soliton formation. These three colors then create an interleaved frequency comb in the output waveguide. We determine the conditions under which we expect this effect to occur. We anticipate that the three-wave equations and their extensions will be of use in designing new frequency comb systems and determining their stability and noise performance. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Solitons

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Automatic synthesis of light-processing functions for programmable photonics:theory and realization

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Photonics Research 2023年第4期11卷 643-658页

作者： ZHENGQI GAO XIANGFENG CHEN ZHENGXING ZHANG UTTARA CHAKRABORTY WIM BOGAERTS DUANE S.BONING Microsystems Technology Laboratories Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts 02139USA Ghent University-IMEC Department of Information TechnologyGhentBelgium Center of Nano-and Biophotonics Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium

Linear light-processing functions(e.g.,routing,splitting,filtering)are key functions requiring configuration to implement on a programmable photonic integrated circuit(PPIC).In recirculating waveguide meshes(which include loop-backs),this is usually done *** previous results describe explorations to perform this task automatically,but their efficiency or applicability is still *** this paper,we propose an efficient method that can automatically realize configurations for many light-processing functions on a square-mesh *** its heart is an automatic differentiation subroutine built upon analytical expressions of scattering matrices that enables gradient descent optimization for functional circuit *** to the state-of-the-art synthesis techniques,our method can realize configurations for a wide range of light-processing functions,and multiple functions on the same PPIC ***,we do not need to separate the functions spatially into different subdomains of the mesh,and the resulting optimum can have multiple functions using the same part of the ***,compared to nongradient-or numerical differentiation-based methods,our proposed approach achieves 3×time reduction in computational cost.

关键词： synthesis. synthesis functions

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Monolithically 3D-Printed, Miniature Solenoids with Soft Magnetic Core for Compact Systems

Monolithically 3D-Printed, Miniature Solenoids with Soft Mag...

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Power, Energy and Electrical Engineering (CPEEE), International Conference on

作者： Jorge Cañada Luis Fernando Velásquez-García Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Microsystems Technology Laboratories Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

We report the design, fabrication, and characterization of the first monolithically 3D-printed, three-dimensional, three-material, cored inductors for use in compact electromagnetic systems. Additive manufacturing technologies can produce functional, freeform-compatible mechanical devices; however, the ability of additive manufacturing to create electronic components that could enable the monolithic fabrication of devices that integrate sensors and actuators is still unfulfilled. This study aims at advancing the state of the art through the demonstration of the first truly three-dimensional, monolithically 3D-printed, cored solenoids. The novel 3D-printed inductors are made via material extrusion using three PLA-based materials (dielectric, conductive, and soft magnetic). The devices attain Gauss-level magnetic fields while drawing tens-of-milliamps currents. The work is of great interest for fast and inexpensive fabrication of compact sensors, actuators, and power conversion systems, and for the integration of electronics with MEMS devices of intricate geometries.

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Dynamically Tunable Magnon-Magnon Coupling in a Perpendicular Anisotropy Magnetic Garnet-Ferromagnet Bilayer

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Physical Review Letters 2025年第12期134卷 126702-126702页

作者： Yabin Fan Takian Fakhrul Justin T. Hou Chung-Tao Chou Bharat Khurana Yaroslav Tserkovnyak Luqiao Liu Caroline A. Ross Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Microsystems Technology Laboratories Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 USA

We experimentally explore the interfacial coherent spin pumping in the magnon-magnon hybridized regime of a perpendicular anisotropy ferrimagnetic insulator (Bi-substituted yttrium iron garnet, or BiYIG) and ferromagnetic metal (permalloy, or Py) bilayer. In addition to the interfacial exchange coupling-induced avoided crossings between the uniform modes of BiYIG and Py, we observe that the gap opening can be tailored by changing the relative orientations of the BiYIG and Py magnetizations due to a purely dynamic interaction. The avoided-crossing gap opening is small (large) when BiYIG and Py magnetizations are nearly perpendicular (partially collinear) to each other, indicating that interfacial fieldlike torque from spin pumping plays a dominant role. Macrospin simulations with a sizable fieldlike spin-pumping torque agree with the gap opening trend observed in the experiments.

关键词： Anisotropy

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Strong long-wave infrared optical response in a topological semiconductor with a Mexican-hat band structure

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Physical Review B 2025年第8期111卷 085101-085101页

作者： Mark J. Polking Haowei Xu Raman Sankar Kevin Grossklaus Ju Li Advanced Materials and Microsystems Group Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory Lexington Massachusetts 02421 USA Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tufts University Medford Massachusetts 02155 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA

Light sources and photodetectors operating in the far- to midinfrared (FIR/MIR) band (8–12 µm, 0.15–0.1 eV) remain relatively poorly developed compared to their counterparts operating in the visible and near-infrared ranges, despite extensive application potential for thermal imaging, standoff sensing, and other technologies. This is attributable in part to the lack of narrow-gap materials (<0.1 eV) with high optical gain and absorption. In this work, a narrow-gap semiconductor, Pb0.7Sn0.3Se, is demonstrated to exhibit an optical response >10× larger than that of HgxCd1−xTe (MCT), the dominant material for FIR/MIR photodetectors. A previous theoretical investigation indicated that chalcogen p and metal d band inversion in this material creates a Mexican hat band structure (MHBS), which results in a dramatic increase in the joint density of states at the optical transition edge compared to typical semiconductors. This prediction is experimentally validated here using single-crystal specimens of Pb0.7Sn0.3Se measured using temperature-dependent spectroscopic ellipsometry over a wavelength range 1.7–20 µm (0.73–0.062 eV). These measurements demonstrate a large enhancement in extinction coefficient and refractive index, which are characteristic of a MHBS in the vicinity of the absorption edge, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The realization of topological semiconductors with a MHBS is expected to lead to high-efficiency detectors operating in the FIR/MIR range.

关键词： Spectroscopic ellipsometry

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Sparse Hyperparametric Itakura-Saito NMF via Bi-Level Optimization

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Selicato, Laura Esposito, Flavia Ang, Andersen Buono, Nicoletta Del Zdunek, Rafal Italy Department of Mathematics University of Bari Aldo Moro Italy School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton United Kingdom Faculty of Electronics Photonics and Microsystems Wrocl̷aw University of Science and Technology Poland

The selection of penalty hyperparameters is a critical aspect in Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF), since these values control the trade-off between the reconstruction accuracy and the adherence to desired constraints. In this work, we focus on an NMF problem involving the Itakura-Saito (IS) divergence, effective for extracting low spectral density components from spectrograms of mixed signals, enhanced with sparsity constraints. We propose a new algorithm called SHINBO, which introduces a bi-level optimization framework to automatically and adaptively tune the row-dependent penalty hyperparameters, enhancing the ability of IS-NMF to isolate sparse, periodic signals against noise. Experimental results showed SHINBO ensures precise spectral decomposition and demonstrates superior performance in both synthetic and real-world applications. For the latter, SHINBO is particularly useful, as noninvasive vibration-based fault detection in rolling bearings, where the desired signal components often reside in high-frequency subbands but are obscured by stronger, spectrally broader noise. By addressing the critical issue of hyperparameter selection, SHINBO advances the state-of-the-art in signal recovery for complex, noise-dominated environments. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Fault detection

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Heterogeneous Integration of Lithium Niobate and Silicon Photonics for Nonlinear Optics

Heterogeneous Integration of Lithium Niobate and Silicon Pho...

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CLEO: Applications and technology in CLEO 2024, CLEO: A and T 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

作者： Palici, Alexandra Maria Lu, Xiyuan Srinivasan, Kartik Lu, Xinda Labbe, Fabien Ding, Yunhong Laroque, Hugo Hamerly, Ryan Errando-Herranz, Carlos Pu, Minhao Englund, Dirk Heuck, Mikkel Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering Technical University of Denmark Lyngby2800 Denmark Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division Physical Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Joint Quantum Institute NIST University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands

We demonstrate a hybrid device consisting of a thin film lithium niobate membrane transfer-printed onto a silicon nitride ring resonator. We measure quality factors in the 105 range at telecom wavelengths. © Opti... 详细信息

关键词： Silicon photonics

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