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Design and Implementation of an On-Board System for a Spider Robot 1st

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Design and Implementation of an On-Board System for a Spider...

1st International Conference on Computing and Emerging Technologies, ICCET 2023

作者： Nauman, Nasir Mustafa, Hirra Ashraf, Abrar Khalil, Hisham Department of Computer Science Superior University Lahore Pakistan Department of Computer Science Sharif College of Engineering and Technology Lahore Lahore Pakistan Embedded System and Robotics Lab Department of Technology The University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031776199

This paper presents the design of a system onboard spider robot for rescue services. The spider has the six-leg walking pattern that contains the total number of 18 servo motors. In order to reduce the payload, the abdomen of the spider is made with RF4 printed circuit board (PCB). Whereas, the abdomen is also used as the main structure of the robot to attach the rest of the system. Wherein, two pulse-width modulations (PWM) module are controlled by Arduino Nano, the Bluetooth module is used for communication link and bulk converter for the power supply. The spider robot is operated with an in-house developed Android application. It has been observed that the spider robot has a stable walking response along with the multiple excise performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Machine design

AI Integrated Dialogic Alphabet Zone Board for Kids in Pre-childhood Education

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AI Integrated Dialogic Alphabet Zone Board for Kids in Pre-c...

International Conference on Electrical, computer and Communication Engineering (ECCE)

作者： Asif Mahmud Tahsin Faisal M. Akhtaruzzaman Jamal Uddin Tanvin Sachitra Halder Fahim Shahryer Department of Computer Science and Engineering Military Institute of Science and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh Quantum Robotics and Automation Research Group (QRARG) Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (数字)9798350357509

ISBN: (纸本)9798350357516

The smart Dialogic Alphabet Zone Board (DAZ-Board) aims to address the issue of learning process for pre-childhood education among the children. It is importance to facilitate a healthy and effective environment for early childhood education in shaping a child’s cognitive development, language acquisition, and literacy skills. Traditional teaching methods often fail to engage young learners effectively, leading to limited understanding and retention. On the other hand, dependencies on mobile devices raise the physical and mental health issues. This study introduces an interactive, auditory, and multisensory game board providing a wonderful and healthy experiences in tailoring the developmental needs of children. The objective of this research is to design and develop an interactive alphabet board with necessary sensors, electronics, and controller modules. Moreover, designing a Machine Learning (ML) model for voice-based alphabet recognition is one of the important contributions of this research. Among the results of different ML models, Naïve Bayes Classifier outperforms the most with accuracy ≈ . %. The proposed system will facilitate the preschoolers to learn in modern and interactive way, while keeping away from being addicted to the mobile devices.

关键词： Pediatrics Visualization Accuracy Scalability Education Games Speech recognition Sensors Smart phones Systematic literature review

One-Shot Gesture Recognition for Underwater Diver-To-Robot Communication

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Joshi, Rishikesh Sattar, Junaed Department of Computer Science and Engineering Minnesota Robotics Institute University of Minnesota – Twin Cities MinneapolisMN United States

Reliable human-robot communication is essential for effective underwater human-robot interaction (U-HRI), yet traditional methods such as acoustic signaling and predefined gesture-based models suffer from limitations in adaptability and robustness. In this work, we propose One-Shot Gesture Recognition (OSG), a novel method that enables real-time, pose-based, temporal gesture recognition underwater from a single demonstration, eliminating the need for extensive dataset collection or model retraining. OSG leverages shape-based classification techniques, including Hu moments, Zernike moments, and Fourier descriptors, to robustly recognize gestures in visually-challenging underwater environments. Our system achieves high accuracy on real-world underwater video data and operates efficiently on embedded hardware commonly found on autonomous underwater robots (AUVs), demonstrating its feasibility for deployment on-board robots. Compared to deep learning approaches, OSG is lightweight, computationally efficient, and highly adaptable, making it ideal for diver-to-robot communication. We evaluate OSG’s performance on an augmented gesture dataset and real-world underwater video data, comparing its accuracy against deep learning methods. Our results show OSG’s potential to enhance U-HRI by enabling the immediate deployment of user-defined gestures without the constraints of predefined gesture languages. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Human robot interaction

Toward Lung Ultrasound Automation: Fully Autonomous Robotic Longitudinal and Transverse Scans Along Intercostal Spaces

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IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics

IEEE Transactions on Medical robotics and Bionics 2025年第2期7卷 768-781页

作者： Lei, Long Hu, Yingbai Jiang, Zixing Miao, Juzheng Luo, Xiao Zhang, Yu Wang, Qiong Wang, Shujun Li, Zheng Heng, Pheng-Ann The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen518055 China The Chinese University of Hong Kong Multi-Scale Medical Robotics Centre Ltd. Hong Kong The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Surgery Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and Virtual Reality Technology Shenzhen518055 China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Biomedical Engineering Hong Kong Chow Yuk Ho Technology Centre for Innovative Medicine Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences Multiscale Medical Robotics Centre Ltd. The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Surgery Hong Kong

Lung ultrasound scanning is essential for diagnosing lung diseases. The scan effectiveness critically depends on both longitudinal and transverse scans through intercostal spaces to reduce rib shadowing interference, as well as maintaining the probe perpendicular to pleura for pathological artifact generation. Achieving this level of scan quality often depends heavily on the experience of doctors. Robotic ultrasound scanning shows promise, but currently lacks a direct path planning method for intercostal scanning, and probe orientation does not consider imaging differences between lungs and solid organs. In this paper, we aim to fully automate two fundamental operations in lung ultrasound scanning: longitudinal and transverse scans. We propose pioneering path planning methods along intercostal spaces and innovative solutions for adaptive probe posture adjustment using real-time pleural line feedback, specifically addressing the unique characteristics of lung ultrasound scanning. This ensures the acquisition of high-quality, diagnostically meaningful ultrasound images. In addition, we develop a robotic lung ultrasound system to validate the proposed methods. Extensive experimental results on two volunteers and a chest phantom confirm the efficacy of our methods, and demonstrate the system's feasibility in automated lung ultrasound examinations. Our work lays a solid foundation for automated robotic complete lung scanning. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Motion planning

Onboard Perception-Assisted High Fidelity Simulation Framework for Autonomous Planetary Soft-Landing

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Onboard Perception-Assisted High Fidelity Simulation Framewo...

AIAA science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Alibekov, Ulugbek Banerjee, Avijit Satpute, Sumeet Gajanan Nikolakopoulos, George ERASMUS MUNDUS JOINT MASTER in Intelligent Field Robotic Systems Faculty of Informatics Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary Robotics and AI research group Department of Computer Science Electrical and Space Engineering Luleå University of Technology Luleå Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

This article presents an onboard perception-assisted high-fidelity simulation framework for autonomous planetary soft-landing, enabling visual information processing tightly integrated with advanced onboard guidance system in a realistic simulation environments. Utilizing the open source Unity game engine, a physics-based simulation toolbox integrated with the Robotic Operating System (ROS2), we effectively emulate the motion of spacecraft approaching planetary terrain. The simulation environment features a realistic 3D terrain model and a lander spacecraft equipped with onboard camera to effectively capture detailed local terrain images. The simulation engine accurately captures the spacecraft’s 6-degrees of freedom motion, seamlessly integrating space craft orientation with the associated camera feed while incorporating various illumination conditions using a light source representing the Sun. To demonstrate the efficacy of the framework, we implement a recently developed attitude-constrained minimum jerk guidance algorithm to emulate spacecraft motion. Concurrently, the visual feed from the onboard RGB camera is processed through a gradient extraction-based perception system, providing the visual odometer. This system identifies provably safe landing sites, effectively avoiding potential risks of landing on uneven terrain. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Planetary landers

“Thanks for the Practice!”: LLM-Powered Social Robot as Tandem Language Partner at University 25

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“Thanks for the Practice!”: LLM-Powered Social Robot as Ta...

ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)

作者： Ashita Ashok Barbara Bruno Tamara Helf Karsten Berns Department of Computer Science University of Kaiserslautern-Landau Kaiserslautern Germany Institute of Anthropomatics and Robotics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350378931

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378948

Large language models (LLMs), when integrated into social robots, have the potential to transform robot-assisted language learning by offering personalized, interactive communication. However, there is limited research exploring their potential to simultaneously reduce anxiety and enhance language-speaking skills among international university students, who often feel anxious when speaking a foreign language. This study addresses this gap by evaluating the impact of a humanoid robot powered by the OpenChat-3.5 LLM as a tandem partner for German language learning. Using a between-subjects design with 22 multilingual participants, two interaction conditions were tested: immersive (German-only) and bilingual (German-English). Our findings indicate that participants in the immersive mode reported experiencing significantly reduced perceived judgment by the robot compared to the bilingual mode. Although female participants showed a trend of greater improvement in learning gain, no significant gender differences were found. Open-ended feedback highlighted the need for enhanced contextual responses, slower speech rate, faster response times, and error corrections to enhance language speaking support. This study aims to advance social robots for learning by demonstrating the usage of generative AI in creating non-judgmental language practice scenarios.

关键词： Generative AI Large language models Social robots Humanoid robots Transforms Speech enhancement Speech Market research Multilingual Time factors

GCP: Guarded Collaborative Perception with Spatial-Temporal Aware Malicious Agent Detection

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Tao, Yihang Hu, Senkang Hu, Yue An, Haonan Cao, Hangcheng Fang, Yuguang Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong The Department of Robotics University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States

Collaborative perception significantly enhances autonomous driving safety by extending each vehicle's perception range through message sharing among connected and autonomous vehicles. Unfortunately, it is also vulnerable to adversarial message attacks from malicious agents, resulting in severe performance degradation. While existing defenses employ hypothesis-and-verification frameworks to detect malicious agents based on single-shot outliers, they overlook temporal message correlations, which can be circumvented by subtle yet harmful perturbations in model input and output spaces. This paper reveals a novel blind area confusion (BAC) attack that compromises existing single-shot outlier-based detection methods. As a countermeasure, we propose GCP, a Guarded Collaborative Perception framework based on spatial-temporal aware malicious agent detection, which maintains single-shot spatial consistency through a confidence-scaled spatial concordance loss, while simultaneously examining temporal anomalies by reconstructing historical bird's eye view motion flows in low-confidence regions. We also employ a joint spatial-temporal Benjamini-Hochberg test to synthesize dual-domain anomaly results for reliable malicious agent detection. Extensive experiments demonstrate GCP's superior performance under diverse attack scenarios, achieving up to 34.69% improvements in AP@0.5 compared to the state-of-the-art CP defense strategies under BAC attacks, while maintaining consistent 5-8% improvements under other typical attacks. Code will be released at https://***/CP-Security/***. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Eye movements

Task-Oriented Co-Design of Communication, Computing, and Control for Edge-Enabled Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Diao, Yufeng Zhang, Yichi De Martini, Daniele Zhao, Philip Guodong Li, Emma Liying School of Computing Science University of Glasgow United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Manchester United Kingdom Oxford Robotics Institute Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford United Kingdom

This paper proposes a task-oriented co-design framework that integrates communication, computing, and control to address the key challenges of bandwidth limitations, noise interference, and latency in mission-critical industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). To improve communication efficiency and robustness, we design a task-oriented Joint Source-Channel Coding (JSCC) using Information Bottleneck (IB) to enhance data transmission efficiency by prioritizing task-specific information. To mitigate the perceived End-to-End (E2E) delays, we develop a Delay-Aware Trajectory-Guided Control Prediction (DTCP) strategy that integrates trajectory planning with control prediction, predicting commands based on E2E delay. Moreover, the DTCP is co-designed with task-oriented JSCC, focusing on transmitting task-specific information for timely and reliable autonomous driving. Experimental results in the CARLA simulator demonstrate that, under an E2E delay of 1 second (20 time slots), the proposed framework achieves a driving score of 48.12, which is 31.59 points higher than using Better Portable Graphics (BPG) while reducing bandwidth usage by 99.19%. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bandwidth

Embodied Chain of Action Reasoning with Multi-Modal Foundation Model for Humanoid Loco-manipulation

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Hao, Yu Bethala, Geeta Chandra Raju Pudasaini, Niraj Huang, Hao Yuan, Shuaihang Wen, Congcong Huang, Baoru Nguyen, Anh Fang, Yi Embodied AI and Robotics Lab New York University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Science Imperial College London United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool United Kingdom

Enabling humanoid robots to autonomously perform loco-manipulation tasks in complex, unstructured environments poses significant challenges. This entails equipping robots with the capability to plan actions over extended horizons while leveraging multi-modality to bridge gaps between high-level planning and actual task execution. Recent advancements in multi-modal foundation models have showcased substantial potential in enhancing planning and reasoning abilities, particularly in the comprehension and processing of semantic information for robotic control tasks. In this paper, we introduce a novel framework based on foundation models that applies the embodied chain of action reasoning methodology to autonomously plan actions from textual instructions for humanoid loco-manipulation. Our method integrates humanoid-specific chain of thought methodology, including detailed affordance and body movement analysis, which provides a breakdown of the task into a sequence of locomotion and manipulation actions. Moreover, we incorporate spatial reasoning based on the observation and target object properties to effectively navigate where target position may be unseen or occluded. Through rigorous experimental setups on object rearrangement, manipulations and loco-manipulation tasks on a real-world environment, we evaluate our method’s efficacy on the decoupled upper and lower body control and demonstrate the effectiveness of the chain of robotic action reasoning strategies in comprehending human instructions. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anthropomorphic robots