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Towards backward compatibility of ADRC: revisiting classical state-feedback control with integral compensator

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Bulletin of the Polish Academy of sciences: Technical sciences 2025年第2期73卷

作者： Mrotek, Mikolaj Michalski, Jacek Madonski, Rafal Pazderski, Dariusz Retinger, Marek Faculty of Control Robotics and Electrical Engineering Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence Poznan University of Technology Piotrowo 3a Poznan60-965 Poland Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Department of Automatic Control and Robotics Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 16 Gliwice44-100 Poland Faculty of Control Robotics and Electrical Engineering Institute of Automatic Control and Robotics Poznan University of Technology Piotrowo 3a Poznan60-965 Poland

In this paper, the problem of backward compatibility of active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) is investigated. The goal is to contextualize ADRC to deliver its interpretations from the established field of linear control systems. For this study, a control algorithm, denoted here as integral disturbance rejection control (IDRC), is considered that combines classical state-feedback control with an integral compensator. At first, an interpretation of ADRC is involved in terms of existing state-space control approaches. Next, a transition to the frequency domain is performed, which is justified as a significant part of practical control engineering is conducted in that domain. For assumed specific plant structures, both ADRC and IDRC are then holistically compared in terms of transfer function representation and frequency characteristics, as well as steady-state convergence conditions. Such a juxtaposition helps to highlight the similarities and differences of both approaches, whereas the utilized bandwidth parameterization is shown to bring the control system to the same form, thus indicating some interesting practical aspects. Finally, the theoretical results concerning both considered control structures are validated in a set of numerical simulations and experiments conducted on a laboratory hardware testbed. © 2025 The Author(s).

关键词： Disturbance rejection

IBURD: Image Blending for Underwater Robotic Detection

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Hong, Jungseok Singh, Sakshi Sattar, Junaed Department of Computer Science and Engineering Minnesota Robotics Institute University of Minnesota–Twin Cities 100 Union St SE MinneapolisMN55455 United States

We present an image blending pipeline, IBURD, that creates realistic synthetic images to assist in the training of deep detectors for use on underwater autonomous vehicles (AUVs) for marine debris detection tasks. Specifically, IBURD generates both images of underwater debris and their pixel-level annotations, using source images of debris objects, their annotations, and target background images of marine environments. With Poisson editing and style transfer techniques, IBURD is even able to robustly blend transparent objects into arbitrary backgrounds and automatically adjust the style of blended images using the blurriness metric of target background images. These generated images of marine debris in actual underwater backgrounds address the data scarcity and data variety problems faced by deep-learned vision algorithms in challenging underwater conditions, and can enable the use of AUVs for environmental cleanup missions. Both quantitative and robotic evaluations of IBURD demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach for robotic detection of marine debris. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image annotation

Learning-based Detection of GPS Spoofing Attack for Quadrotors

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Pengyu Yang, Zhaohua Li, Jialu Shi, Ling Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics Perception and Intelligence The Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

Safety-critical cyber-physical systems (CPS), such as quadrotor UAVs, are particularly prone to cyber attacks, which can result in significant consequences if not detected promptly and accurately. During outdoor operations, the nonlinear dynamics of UAV systems, combined with non-Gaussian noise, pose challenges to the effectiveness of conventional statistical and machine learning methods. To overcome these limitations, we present QUADFormer, an advanced attack detection framework for quadrotor UAVs leveraging a transformer-based architecture. This framework features a residue generator that produces sequences sensitive to anomalies, which are then analyzed by the transformer to capture statistical patterns for detection and classification. Furthermore, an alert mechanism ensures UAVs can operate safely even when under attack. Extensive simulations and experimental evaluations highlight that QUADFormer outperforms existing state-of-the-art techniques in detection accuracy. (Video1) Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Optimal Actuator Attacks on Autonomous Vehicles Using Reinforcement Learning

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Pengyu Li, Jialu Shi, Ling Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics Perception and Intelligence The Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

With the increasing prevalence of autonomous vehicles (AVs), their vulnerability to various types of attacks has grown, presenting significant security challenges. In this paper, we propose a reinforcement learning (RL)-based approach for designing optimal stealthy integrity attacks on AV actuators. We also analyze the limitations of state-of-the-art RL-based secure controllers developed to counter such attacks. Through extensive simulation experiments, we demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

SMART: Advancing Scalable Map Priors for Driving Topology Reasoning

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ye, Junjie Paz, David Zhang, Hengyuan Guo, Yuliang Huang, Xinyu Christensen, Henrik I. Wang, Yue Ren, Liu Thomas Lord Department of Computer Science University of Southern California United States United States Contextual Robotics Institute UC San Diego United States

Topology reasoning is crucial for autonomous driving as it enables comprehensive understanding of connectivity and relationships between lanes and traffic elements. While recent approaches have shown success in perceiving driving topology using vehicle-mounted sensors, their scalability is hindered by the reliance on training data captured by consistent sensor configurations. We identify that the key factor in scalable lane perception and topology reasoning is the elimination of this sensor-dependent feature. To address this, we propose SMART, a scalable solution that leverages easily available standard-definition (SD) and satellite maps to learn a map prior model, supervised by large-scale geo-referenced high-definition (HD) maps independent of sensor settings. Attributed to scaled training, SMART alone achieves superior offline lane topology understanding using only SD and satellite inputs. Extensive experiments further demonstrate that SMART can be seamlessly integrated into any online topology reasoning methods, yielding significant improvements of up to 28% on the OpenLane-V2 benchmark. Project page: https://***/smart. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Topology

Crop protection and disease detection using artificial intelligence and computer vision: a comprehensive review

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第7期84卷 3723-3743页

作者： Shah, Kanish Sushra, Rajat Shah, Manan Shah, Dhairya Shah, Haard Raval, Megh Prajapati, Mitul Software Engineer Walmart SunnyvaleCA United States Atmiya Vidya Mandir Gujarat Surat India Department of Chemical Engineering School of Energy Technology Pandit Deendayal Energy University Gujarat Gandhinagar India Robotics ECE Concentration Northeastern University BostonMA United States Department of Computer Science Concentration in AI Hofstra University HempsteadNY United States Department of Chemical Engineering S. S Agrawal Institute of Engineering & Technology Gujarat Navsari India R &D Engineer Span Inspection Systems Pvt. Ltd Gujarat Gandhinagar India

The technological advancements in the field of agriculture have increased to a great extent in recent years, and many techniques have evolved from other techniques. Some methods are improved or upgraded from the previous versions by implementing a new model or using better hardware devices. This has been helpful for the farmers in increasing crop productivity, and the life expectancy of crops has also increased as the diseases inside or outside the crops can be detected much earlier, and learning at an early stage helps prevent other crops. In this paper, we have presented a study where many varieties of fruits and vegetables have been taken to determine which method was used for a particular crop. By analyzing the various works carried out by the authors, it was inferred that most of the works revolved around image processing and hyperspectral imaging. Due to this, we had also included most of the papers, particularly as the models and hardware components used were much better than other works. Then, a comparative study was done where different fruits and vegetables highlighted the two main areas: the method used and the accuracy obtained. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Crops

Tuning Language Models for Medical Interviews with Pediatric and Juvenile Patients

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Tuning Language Models for Medical Interviews with Pediatric...

International Conference on Advancements in Computational sciences (ICACS)

作者： Jesús Bouza Rodrigo Alarcón Fernando Fernández Department of IT SingularBeacon SL Madrid Spain Scientific research Inrobics Social Robotics Spain Computer Science and Engineering Department Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Leganés Spain

ISBN: (数字)9798331533038

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533045

This paper presents the fine-tuning of a pre-trained language model for use in medical interviews with child and adolescent patients. Using DialoGPT-small, synthetic data have been generated that allow the model to be trained to generate contextually relevant questions tailored to patient responses. The main objective is to improve the interaction between the physician and the patient, promoting a comfortable and safe environment for children. The results obtained show that the model can generate coherent questions with metrics that demonstrate adequate generalization. Areas for improvement have been identified, such as the management of question repetition, proposing future implementations with conversational memory and multi-modal analysis.

关键词： Measurement Adaptation models Analytical models Pediatrics Computational modeling Data models Interviews Tuning Synthetic data Context modeling

External-Wrench Estimation for Aerial Robots Exploiting a Learned Model

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External-Wrench Estimation for Aerial Robots Exploiting a Le...

International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS)

作者： Ayham Alharbat Gabriele Ruscelli Roberto Diversi Abeje Mersha Smart Mechatronics and Robotics research group Saxion University of Applied Science Enschede The Netherlands Robotics and Mechatronics research group Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics & Computer Science University of Twente Enschede The Netherlands Department of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering University of Bologna Bologna Italy

ISBN: (数字)9798331513283

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513290

This paper presents an external wrench estimator that uses a hybrid dynamics model consisting of a firstprinciples model and a neural network. This framework addresses one of the limitations of the state-of-the-art modelbased wrench observers: the wrench estimation of these observers comprises the external wrench (e.g. collision, physical interaction, wind); in addition to residual wrench (e.g. model parameters uncertainty or unmodeled dynamics). This is a problem if these wrench estimations are to be used as wrench feedback to a force controller, for example. In the proposed framework, a neural network is combined with a first-principles model to estimate the residual dynamics arising from unmodeled dynamics and parameters uncertainties, then, the hybrid trained model is used to estimate the external wrench, leading to a wrench estimation that has smaller contributions from the residual dynamics, and affected more by the external wrench. This method is validated with numerical simulations of an aerial robot in different flying scenarios and different types of residual dynamics, and the statistical analysis of the results shows that the wrench estimation error has improved significantly compared to a model-based wrench observer using only a firstprinciples model.

关键词： Uncertain systems Analytical models Statistical analysis Atmospheric modeling Dynamics Neural networks Observers Autonomous aerial vehicles Numerical simulation Numerical models

External-Wrench Estimation for Aerial Robots Exploiting a Learned Model

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Alharbat, Ayham Ruscelli, Gabriele Diversi, Roberto Mersha, Abeje Smart Mechatronics and Robotics research group Saxion University of Applied Science Enschede Netherlands Robotics and Mechatronics research group Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics & Computer Science University of Twente Enschede Netherlands Department of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering University of Bologna Bologna Italy

This paper presents an external wrench estimator that uses a hybrid dynamics model consisting of a first-principles model and a neural network. This framework addresses one of the limitations of the state-of-the-art model-based wrench observers: the wrench estimation of these observers comprises the external wrench (e.g. collision, physical interaction, wind);in addition to residual wrench (e.g. model parameters uncertainty or unmodeled dynamics). This is a problem if these wrench estimations are to be used as wrench feedback to a force controller, for example. In the proposed framework, a neural network is combined with a first-principles model to estimate the residual dynamics arising from unmodeled dynamics and parameters uncertainties, then, the hybrid trained model is used to estimate the external wrench, leading to a wrench estimation that has smaller contributions from the residual dynamics, and affected more by the external wrench. This method is validated with numerical simulations of an aerial robot in different flying scenarios and different types of residual dynamics, and the statistical analysis of the results shows that the wrench estimation error has improved significantly compared to a model-based wrench observer using only a first-principles model. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

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