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27th International Conference on Principles of Distributed Systems, OPODIS 2023

作者： Carlson, Charlie Frishberg, Daniel Vigoda, Eric Department of Computer Science University of California Santa BarbaraCA United States Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering California Polytechnic State University San Luis ObispoCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783959773089

Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms are a widely-used algorithmic tool for sampling from high-dimensional distributions, a notable example is the equilibirum distribution of graphical models. The Glauber dynamics, also known as the Gibbs sampler, is the simplest example of an MCMC algorithm;the transitions of the chain update the configuration at a randomly chosen coordinate at each step. Several works have studied distributed versions of the Glauber dynamics and we extend these efforts to a more general family of Markov chains. An important combinatorial problem in the study of MCMC algorithms is random colorings. Given a graph G of maximum degree ∆ and an integer k ≥ ∆ + 1, the goal is to generate a random proper vertex k-coloring of G. Jerrum (1995) proved that the Glauber dynamics has O(n log n) mixing time when k > 2∆. Fischer and Ghaffari (2018), and independently Feng, Hayes, and Yin (2018), presented a parallel and distributed version of the Glauber dynamics which converges in O(log n) rounds for k > (2 + Ε)∆ for any Ε > 0. We improve this result to k > (11/6 − δ)∆ for a fixed δ > 0. This matches the state of the art for randomly sampling colorings of general graphs in the sequential setting. Whereas previous works focused on distributed variants of the Glauber dynamics, our work presents a parallel and distributed version of the more general flip dynamics presented by Vigoda (2000) (and refined by Chen, Delcourt, Moitra, Perarnau, and Postle (2019)), which recolors local maximal two-colored components in each step. © Charlie Carlson, Daniel Frishberg, and Eric Vigoda

关键词： Coloring

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Predictive Modeling for Early Identification of Disease Severity in Acute Respiratory Infections: A Case Study with COVID-19 5

Predictive Modeling for Early Identification of Disease Seve...

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5th International Conference on Advancements in Computing, ICAC 2023

作者： Kalapuge, Vindhya Kasthurirathna, Dharshana Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology Department of Computer Science & Software Engineering Malabe Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358131

The COVID-19 pandemic, declared a global emergency by WHO in March 2020, has had a profound impact on global health. With millions affected, the pandemic's magnitude became evident. Even advanced healthcare systems grappled with resource shortages, from protective gear to ventilators. Late diagnosis and the inability to adapt to new SARS-CoV-2 variants led to misdiagnoses and high casualties. Overburdened healthcare facilities and the absence of a centralized patient data system hindered swift decision-making. The lack of real-time monitoring meant many didn't receive timely, personalized care, underscoring the need for an integrated healthcare response during global emergencies. To tackle these challenges and improve hospital resource management during pandemics, this study presents a web approach harnessing big data analytics to develop a machine learning predictive model. This model has been developed to enable hospitals to assess patients' severity in real-time, taking into account a wide range of factors such as symptoms, medical history, and demographics. To acquire data regularly, a streaming data pipeline was established using Apache Kafka and Apache Streaming. In predicting the severity levels of patients, both Multinomial Logistic Regression and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) models were employed. One noteworthy finding was that using datasets with balanced classes yielded significantly higher accuracy for the MLP model compared to unbalanced datasets. Specifically, MLP achieved the highest accuracy of 60.4% when trained on balanced classes. This model's real-time severity insights have the potential to revolutionize decision-making and resource allocation in healthcare. It represents a significant step towards a more effective response to future pandemics and the strengthening of the global healthcare system. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Classification of Unbalanced Data Based on Bayesian Optimal Neural Network Model

Journal of Network Intelligence

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Journal of Network Intelligence 2024年第3期9卷 1427-1440页

作者： Ye, Li-Zhu Alkawaz, Mohammed Hazim Johar, Md Gapar Md School of Information Technology and Engineering Guangzhou College of Commerce Guangzhou511363 China School of Graduate Studies Management and Science University 40100 Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia Department of Computer Science College of Education for Pure Science University of Mosul Mosul41002 Iraq Software Engineering and Digital Innovation Center Management and Science University Shah Alam40100 Malaysia

Aiming at the unbalanced problem of big data classification, this paper proposes a classification method of unbalanced data on the ground of Bayesian optimal neural network model. The method firstly uses Optimized Graph Convolutional Network (OGCN) network to carry out message passing mechanism in data graph, designs neural network model with self-attention pooling and mean maximization pooling, and then uses Bayes optimization to update the posterior probability of optimization function by constantly updating the probability model and evaluating the objective function. Effectively solve the problem of speed and optimal solution of hyperparameter optimization in the neural network model. Secondly, the model is used for data set training to obtain the weight of the entire network. Secondly, the unbalanced data is mixed sampling to reduce the number of negative samples. Finally, the capability of the model was verified on the CiteSeer dataset. Experimental results showed that the accuracy rate, accuracy rate and recall rate of the proposed algorithm were 0.974, 0.982 and 0.973, respectively, which effectively improved the accuracy rate, accuracy rate and recall rate of unbalanced data classification compared with other algorithms. © 2024, Taiwan Ubiquitous Information CO LTD. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neural network models

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Adventures in data analysis: a systematic review of Deep Learning techniques for pattern recognition in cyber-physical-social systems

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第8期83卷 22909-22973页

作者： Amiri, Zahra Heidari, Arash Navimipour, Nima Jafari Unal, Mehmet Mousavi, Ali Department of Computer Engineering Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Tabriz Iran Department of Software Engineering Haliç University Istanbul34060 Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Kadir Has Universitesi Istanbul Turkey Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Douliou64002 Taiwan Department of Computer Engineering Nisantasi Universitesi Istanbul Turkey Islamic Azad University Sanandaj Branch Sanandaj Iran

Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) have achieved high success in many textual, auditory, medical imaging, and visual recognition patterns. Concerning the importance of ML/DL in recognizing patterns due to its high accuracy, many researchers argued for many solutions for improving pattern recognition performance using ML/DL methods. Due to the importance of the required intelligent pattern recognition of machines needed in image processing and the outstanding role of big data in generating state-of-the-art modern and classical approaches to pattern recognition, we conducted a thorough Systematic Literature Review (SLR) about DL approaches for big data pattern recognition. Therefore, we have discussed different research issues and possible paths in which the abovementioned techniques might help materialize the pattern recognition notion. Similarly, we have classified 60 of the most cutting-edge articles put forward pattern recognition issues into ten categories based on the DL/ML method used: Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), Autoencoder (AE), Ensemble Learning (EL), Reinforcement Learning (RL), Random Forest (RF), Multilayer Perception (MLP), Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM), and hybrid methods. SLR method has been used to investigate each one in terms of influential properties such as the main idea, advantages, disadvantages, strategies, simulation environment, datasets, and security issues. The results indicate most of the articles were published in 2021. Moreover, some important parameters such as accuracy, adaptability, fault tolerance, security, scalability, and flexibility were involved in these investigations. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023.

关键词： Pattern recognition

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Region-adaptive Concept Aggregation for Few-shot Visual Recognition

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Machine Intelligence Research 2023年第4期20卷 554-568页

作者： Mengya Han Yibing Zhan Baosheng Yu Yong Luo Han Hu Bo Du Yonggang Wen Dacheng Tao School of Computer Science National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia SoftwareWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Hubei Luojia Laboratory Wuhan430072China School of Computer Science The University of SydneySydney2006Australia JD Explore Academy Beijing101116China School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore

Few-shot learning (FSL) aims to learn novel concepts from very limited examples. However, most FSL methods suffer from the issue of lacking robustness in concept learning. Specifically, existing FSL methods usually ignore the diversity of region contents that may contain concept-irrelevant information such as the background, which would introduce bias/noise and degrade the performance of conceptual representation learning. To address the above-mentioned issue, we propose a novel metric-based FSL method termed region-adaptive concept aggregation network or RCA-Net. Specifically, we devise a region-adaptive concept aggregator (RCA) to model the relationships of different regions and capture the conceptual information in different regions, which are then integrated in a weighted average manner to obtain the conceptual representation. Consequently, robust concept learning can be achieved by focusing more on the concept-relevant information and less on the conceptual-irrelevant information. We perform extensive experiments on three popular visual recognition benchmarks to demonstrate the superiority of RCA-Net for robust few-shot learning. In particular, on the Caltech-UCSD Birds-200-2011 (CUB200) dataset, the proposed RCA-Net significantly improves 1-shot accuracy from 74.76% to 78.03% and 5-shot accuracy from 86.84% to 89.83% compared with the most competitive counterpart.

关键词： Few-shot learning metric-based meta learning concept learning region-adaptive concept-aggregation

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Deep Learning-Based Image Analysis for Detecting Nutrient Deficiencies of Tomato Plants 5

Deep Learning-Based Image Analysis for Detecting Nutrient De...

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5th International Conference on Advancements in Computing, ICAC 2023

作者： Nirasha Jayasiri, K.C. Chandrasiri, Sanjeevi Rupasinghe, Shalini Karunanayake, K.O. Rivindu Uthayachandran, Abineshh Zihara, M.I. Fathima Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358131

Tomato is one of the most popular crops worldwide. The success of a tomato crop is highly dependent on the health of the plants. Nutrient deficiency surveillance is typically conducted through visual inspections, which can be challenging for inexperienced farmers and home gardeners to work accurately. There is a growing need for a quick, reliable, and accurate nutrient deficiency identification system to address this issue. The proposed method is based on image processing and deep learning technologies that are highly effective for image classification tasks. Two models were trained using a dataset collected from tomato plants in Sri Lanka and evaluated using Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Mask R-CNN) and, You Only Look Once (YOLO) for deficiency classification, and results obtained 92% and 98% accuracy, respectively. Deficiency dispersion level expressed as a percentage using Mask R-CNN and followed by image processing techniques. Overall, this proposed system offers a convenient and accessible tool for farmers and home gardeners to monitor and maintain the health of their tomato plants, enabling them to achieve optimal yields and ensure profitable returns. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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Secure Consumer-Centric Demand Response Management in Resilient Smart Grid as Industry 5.0 Application with Blockchain-Based Authentication

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2024年第1期70卷 1370-1379页

作者： Ayub, Muhammad Faizan Li, Xiong Mahmood, Khalid Shamshad, Salman Saleem, Muhammad Asad Omar, Marwan University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Engineering Sichuan Chengdu12599 China National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science Douliu64002 Taiwan The University of Lahore Department of Software Engineering Lahore54590 Pakistan Illinois Institute of Technology Information Technology and Management ChicagoIL60616 United States

The development of the industrial Internet of Things and smart grid networks has emphasized the importance of secure smart grid communication for the future of electric power transmission. However, the current deployment of smart meters and wireless communication methods presents several security concerns that must be addressed to ensure sustainable and resilient smart grid networks for Industry 5.0, with a focus on consumer-centric technologies. In this context, we propose a privacy-focused authentication solution for secure consumer-centric demand response management in smart grid networks, incorporating consumer electronics. Our proposed protocol utilizes blockchain-based authentication to enhance resistance against potential attacks and ensure the integrity of demand response data. Additionally, we have incorporated a PUF to prevent physical attacks. We have conducted informal and formal security analyses to verify the effectiveness of our proposed protocol against various threats and to confirm the session key security. Our comparison study has demonstrated that our protocol provides superior security and added functionalities, with lower computation and communication costs compared to similar protocols. Furthermore, we have measured the computational time for implementing the blockchain component of our protocol while considering the impact of varying numbers of block additions and transactions per block. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Authentication

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A Blockchain based Framework for Verifying Drug Authenticity 24

A Blockchain based Framework for Verifying Drug Authenticity

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24th International Arab Conference on Information Technology, ACIT 2023

作者： Hamid, Soomaiya Bawany, Narmeen Zakaria Fatima, Kiran Jinnah University for Women Center for Computing Research Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384307

Counterfeit drugs are fake medicines that are potentially harmful for health. Safeguarding the integrity of pharmaceutical distribution plays a crucial role in preventing the circulation of counterfeit drugs. Traditional drug supply chain systems have no effective mechanism to ensure the traceability and integrity of the drug supply chain process. Various ICT-based solutions have been adopted previously and numerous regulations were passed by drug regulatory authorities to ensure interoperable and traceable drug distribution process. However, these solutions could not guarantee a tamper-proof history of supply chain process. Blockchain technology has gained traction in many diverse fields including real-estate, identity management, digital voting, healthcare, etc. Therefore, we have proposed a decentralized framework to insure the authenticity and traceability of the drugs. Moreover, this study presents an overview of how blockchain technology can be employed to counter the fake medicines circulation by embedding the traceability in drug supply chain process. Comparison of various blockchain-based solutions and open research challenges in this regard are also presented. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Blockchain Technology Counterfeit Drugs decentralized framework Drug Supply Chain Traceability of Drugs Traditional Pharmaceutical Supply Chain

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Deep Learning for Violence Detection in Surveillance: The Role of Transfer Learning and Pre-Trained Models 24

Deep Learning for Violence Detection in Surveillance: The Ro...

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24th International Arab Conference on Information Technology, ACIT 2023

作者： Ilyas, Anum Obaid, Surayya Bawany, Narmeen Zakaria Center for Computing Research Jinah University for Women Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384307

In recent years, the use of CCTV footage for proactive crime prevention has surged, particularly in public places like airports, train stations, and malls. However, the efficacy of these surveillance systems becomes questionable for their substantial reliance on human resources which may lead to erroneous or delayed responses. This research takes a comprehensive approach for violence detection which was previously limited to binary classification, by categorizing violence into four distinct classes: abuse, arson, assault, and fight. It employs transfer learning combined with computer vision techniques for violence detection and classification in video footages. The study compares the performance of four pre-trained neural networks, namely DenseNet121, VGG16, MobileNet, and Xception. The dataset created for this research is compiled from three datasets available on Kaggle. The results reveal that the Xception model performed comparatively better achieving the highest AUC score of 98.39%, while the VGG16 model attained the lowest AUC score of 96%. In addition to the AUC score, precision, recall, and fl-score are employed as performance metrics. Transfer learning with convolutional neural networks (CNN) significantly reduced computational requirements and time. Automating the detection and categorization of violent behavior through the employed approach has the potential to reduce the risk of fatalities and injuries in public areas. It also improves the speed and accuracy of threat detection, enabling swift preventive actions by authorities. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： computer Vision Deep Learning Pre-trained Models Transfer Learning Violence Categorization

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Extended Reality and Digital Twin in the Oil and Gas Pipeline Industry: A Systematic Review on Applications, Trends, and Future Directions 23

Extended Reality and Digital Twin in the Oil and Gas Pipelin...

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23rd IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality, ISMAR 2024

作者： Sarvesh, Muskan Kang, Ryan Nam, Hyeongil Park, Simon Hugo, Ron Maurer, Frank Kim, Kangsoo University of Calgary Department of Electrical and Software Engineering Canada University of Calgary Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Canada University of Calgary Department of Computer Science Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516475

Immersive and simulation technologies, such as Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), Mixed Reality (MR), and Digital Twins (DTs), have proven effective in enhancing decision-making, streamlining operations, and improving safety through intuitive visualizations. Unsurprisingly, the oil and gas (O&G) pipeline industry is increasingly turning to these technologies to tackle complex construction and resource management challenges. This paper reviews the applications, benefits, and future trends of these technologies, focusing on integration and emerging trends in monitoring, training, maintenance, and testing. It identifies potential gaps, offers guidance for future research, and emphasizes adapting to technological evolution, providing insights to improve system reliability and sustainability in O&G pipeline operations using immersion and simulation methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Gas pipelines

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