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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ahn, Jay Khosmood, Foaad Department of Computer Science & Software Engineering California Polytechnic State University United States

Despite some recent advances, automatic text summarization remains unreliable, elusive, and of limited practical use in applications. Two main problems with current summarization methods are well known: evaluation and factual consistency. To address these issues, we propose a new automatic reference-less text summarization evaluation system that can measure the quality of any text summarization model with a set of generated facts based on factual consistency, comprehensiveness, and compression rate. As far as we know, our evaluation system is the first system that measures the overarching quality of the text summarization models based on factuality, information coverage, and compression rate. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Quality control

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Time-Sensitive Local Differential Privacy-Based Federated Learning for Vehicular Digital Twin Networks 1st

Time-Sensitive Local Differential Privacy-Based Federated Le...

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1st International Symposium on Intelligent Computing and Networking, ISICN 2024

作者： Sun, Kangkang Xu, Hansong Zhang, Xiaojin Hua, Kun Li, Jianhua Shanghai Key Laboratory of Integrated Administration Technologies for Information Security School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Electrical Engineering California Polytechnic State University San Luis ObispoCA93407 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031674464

The Vehicular Digital Twin Network (VDTN) integrates digital twin (DT) models of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) to facilitate smart sensing, management, and collaboration in the physical realm. VDTN synchronizes extensive data on roads, vehicles, and operators, including sensitive information like user location and driving habits. To address these privacy concerns and enhance model efficiency, we introduce a time-sensitive local differential privacy-based federated learning framework (FedTS) tailored for VDTN. This framework assigns varying privacy levels to DT models during model-sharing intervals, considering the time sensitivity of VDTNs. Comparative analysis with state-of-the-art algorithms, such as differentially-private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD), demonstrates significant improvements in both security and model performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Federated learning

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Supporting user-centred ontology visualisation: Predictive analytics using eye gaze to enhance human-ontology interaction

Supporting user-centred ontology visualisation: Predictive a...

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作者： Fu, Bo Steichen, Ben Computer Engineering and Computer Science California State University Long Beach 1250 Bellflower Blvd Long BeachCA90840 United States Computer Science California State Polytechnic University Pomona 3801 W Temple Ave PomonaCA91768 United States

Visualisation is an important aspect to support human-ontology interaction, as visual cues amplify cognition and offload cognitive efforts to the human perceptual system. While significant research efforts have focused on visualisation layouts, adapting to the individual user has been largely overlooked in typical ontology visualisation systems. This provides an opportunity to potentially seek more personalised support in ontology visualisation. As such, this paper utilises a tumbling window analytical technique and demonstrates accurate predictions of a user's likelihood to succeed in a given task based on this person's latest gaze data during an interactive session. We show several trial scenarios where statistically significant accuracies are achieved for two commonly used ontology visualisations in the presence of mixed user backgrounds and task domains. In addition, depending on the gaze features that emphasise a user's search or processing activities, or cognitive workload, trial results show earlier predictions as well as higher accuracies can be achieved in some cases. Furthermore, an investigation of influential gaze features reveals a combination of gaze traits is often associated with higher user success. These findings motivate and highlight potentially ample opportunities to adapt to the individual user throughout various interactive stages in the realisation of adaptive ontology visualisation. © 2022 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Eye tracking

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Analysis and Comparison of Dockerized and Standalone Apache Spark Configurations for Efficient Distributed Data Processing

Analysis and Comparison of Dockerized and Standalone Apache ...

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Innovations in Intelligent Systems and Applications Conference

作者： Alain P. Ndigande Ismail Ari Sedat Ozer Department of Computer Science Ozyegin University Istanbul Turkiye Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering California State Polytechnic University Pomona Pomona USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350379433

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379440

Apache Spark, a powerful distributed computing framework, has become a key to handling large-scale data processing tasks in many applications, including signal processing. However, there are different considerations for performance, cost, or ease of use during the development and deployment stages. This paper benchmarks Apache Spark on different local setups in terms of performance and elaborates on alternative cloud computing costs. Performances of different Spark master-slave configurations with Docker and no Docker are evaluated over different numbers of worker nodes, cores, memory, and executors. Spark Word Count benchmark is tested on Wikipedia datasets of sizes ranging from 1GB to 25GB. The results reveal that in local setups Docker creates additional parameter complexity as well as performance overheads, therefore a “no Docker” setup is a better choice. We also observe the dominance of I/O bottlenecks in local setups. These results can help practitioners choose optimal setups for different Development and Operations (DevOps) and big data processing scenarios.

关键词： Technological innovation Costs Scalability Cluster computing Production Benchmark testing Big Data Signal processing Data processing Sparks

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AI Ethics in Healthcare - A Survey

AI Ethics in Healthcare - A Survey

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IEEE International Conference on software Quality, Reliability and Security Companion (QRS-C)

作者： Bhavraaj Singh Muhammad Abdul Basit Ur Rahim Shahid Hussain Muhammad Abid Rizwan Jie Zhao Department of Computer Science California State University Long Beach California USA Department of Computer Science Penn State University Behrend Pennsylvania USA Department of Computer Science Florida Polytechnic University Lakeland Florida USA Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Penn State University Behrend Pennsylvania USA

In the realm of healthcare, the exponential growth of Artificial Intelligence has precipitated a need to scrutinize its ethical implications. This research undertakes a comprehensive survey to unravel the intricate tapestry of AI ethics within the healthcare landscape. Objective is to delineate the multifaceted challenges that arise from the symbiotic relationship between AI and healthcare and proposing viable solutions for mitigation. A pivotal focus of this study is to bridge the divide between medical practitioners and AI developers, thus addressing a conspicuous research gap. This gap pertains to fostering seamless collaboration between these stakeholders, ensuring that AI systems align with the actual requirements of healthcare providers. The paper explores strategies to establish an effective dialogue, facilitating the design and implementation of ethically sound AI applications. The paper also delves into the moral conundrums engendered by AI's lack of emotional intelligence in sensitive healthcare contexts. The absence of human emotional comprehension has, in certain instances, led to grievous outcomes, necessitating a nuanced approach to machine autonomy. This study advocates for an equilibrium where intelligent machines operate under prudent human oversight, striking a harmonious balance between precision and compassion. Furthermore, the research evaluates prevailing systems and their attendant challenges, emphasizing the advantages of integrating ethically guided, intelligent systems. The paper contemplates governance structures, protocols and strategies to counteract biases inherent in AI algorithms. By dissecting the principles of fairness, accountability and transparency, this study paves the way for a cogent framework that governs AI deployment within healthcare. In essence, this paper charts an uncharted course through the unexplored terrain of AI ethics in healthcare. It not only recognizes the inherent challenges but also underscores the imperative

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Path Following of a Tractor-Trailer System via Dynamic Extension in Forward and Backward Motion 12

Path Following of a Tractor-Trailer System via Dynamic Exten...

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12th RSI International Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics, ICRoM 2024

作者： Olyai, Mohammad Alipour, Khalil Tarvirdizadeh, Bahram Sorouri, Majid Ghamari, Mohammad Laboratory Department of Mechatronics Eng. Tehran Iran Maynooth University Department of Electronic Engineering Co. Kildare Maynooth Ireland Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Department of Computer and Mechatronics Engineering Tehran Iran California Polytechnic State University Electrical Engineering Department San Luis ObispoCA93407 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529734

Tractor-trailer wheeled robots (TTWRs) have gained significant attention across various industries and control studies due to their complex dynamics and non-minimum phase behavior, which pose substantial control challenges. This study investigates the control of a differentially-driven tractor to follow a specified path under pure rolling conditions in both forward and backward motion. Notably, it has been established that using static feedback linearization (SFL) leads to instability during backward motion. In contrast, this research uses dynamic feedback linearization (DFL), also known as dynamic extension, for controlling the tractor-trailer system in both directions for the first time. Our findings demonstrate that the internal dynamics of the system remain stable in both forward and backward motions, enabling successful adherence to the desired path. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Tractors (truck)

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Active and Visual Methods for Teaching Nonrectangular Reinforced Concrete Beams

Active and Visual Methods for Teaching Nonrectangular Reinfo...

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Best Practices and Lessons Learned for Teaching Concrete Materials and Reinforced Concrete 2021

作者： Carroll, J. Chris Behrouzi, Anahid A. Meyer, Karl F. The Department of Civil Computer and Electrical Engineering The School of Science and Engineering Saint Louis University United States California Polytechnic State University United States The Georgia Institute of Technology United States The Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering The United States Military Academy United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781641952361

Nonrectangular cross sections are a common occurrence in reinforced concrete design typically taking the form of flanged beam sections, circular columns, and square or rectangular columns subject to biaxial bending. Instructors typically introduce the theory behind nonrectangular beams using two-dimensional sketches of flanged sections. Students can struggle to visualize the examples when presented in two dimensions;deciphering the multiple resultant compressive forces and their corresponding moment arms are particularly difficult. This paper presents an overview of nonrectangular beam theory and select active learning methods along with three specific examples used by the authors to teach nonrectangular beams in an undergraduate reinforced concrete design course. The first method is a simple problem-based learning example to dissuade students from "plug and chug" calculations using improper equations;the second method illustrates three cases for a traditional flanged T-beam section using physical three-dimensional models;and the third method uses virtual three-dimensional models to derive the depth of the equivalent stress block and corresponding nominal flexural strength for various cross sections. Each description provides the reader with the best practices to implement the respective technique. Lastly, the authors provide some lessons learned from their past implementations. The overall goal is to provide educators with examples to simplify the presentation of nonrectangular beams theory. © 2023 American Concrete Institute. All rights reserved.

关键词： Learning systems

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Trajectory Tracking of Tractor-Trailer Wheeled Mobile Robots via Dynamic Feedback Linearization in Forward and Backward Motion 10

Trajectory Tracking of Tractor-Trailer Wheeled Mobile Robots...

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10th International Conference on Control, Instrumentation and Automation, ICCIA 2024

作者： Olyai, Mohammad Alipour, Khalil Tarvirdizadeh, Bahram Sorouri, Majid Ghamari, Mohammad Laboratory Department of Mechatronics Eng School of Intelligent Systems Engineering College of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Tehran Iran Maynooth University Maynooth Department of Electronic Engineering Co. Kildare Ireland Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch Department of Computer and Mechatronics Engineering Tehran Iran California Polytechnic State University Electrical Engineering Department San Luis ObispoCA93407 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509972

One type of wheeled mobile robot widely used in public transportation and for carrying high payloads is the tractor-Trailer wheeled robots (TTWRs). This study considers a differentially-driven tractor under pure rolling conditions, which is subject to nonholonomic constraints. Controlling a TTWR in both backward and forward motion is challenging due to inherent instability. To address this issue and achieve trajectory tracking control for these systems, this paper employs dynamic feedback linearization (DFL) to overcome the limitations of static feedback linearization (SFL). The system's response will be examined under various trajectories and initial conditions for both forward and backward motion. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Tractors (truck)

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Pre-Conference Workshop: Decolonizing What? Limits and Opportunities for Developing Equitable Syllabi in computer science and engineering Education

Pre-Conference Workshop: Decolonizing What? Limits and Oppor...

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Frontiers in Education (FIE) Conference

作者： Chosang Tenzin Gabriel Medina-Kim An Huynh Jane L. Lehr Lynne Slivovsky Lizabeth Thompson Mechanical Engineering California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo CA Science and Technology Studies Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York Psychology California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo CA Women's Gender & Queer Studies California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo CA Computer Engineering California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo CA Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo CA

ISBN: (数字)9798350351507

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363067

This research-to-practice pre-conference workshop brings insights and approaches to equitable syllabus development to college-level instructors. The organizers synthesize their experiences and research on the structures, culture, and equity initiatives of US engineering education. The first half of the workshop presents participants with frameworks for thinking about equitable engineering syllabi and a technique for actualizing those values (i.e., the organizers' syllabus toolkit). In the second half, participants apply and reflect upon their insights and techniques with a sample syllabus and then participants' own instructional materials. Participants will leave the two-and-a-half-hour workshop with skills and methods for evaluating their syllabi in addition to concrete revisions of their own materials.

关键词： computer science Conferences engineering education

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Enhancing Energy Efficiency in WSNs With Hybrid LEACH-D and ANN

Enhancing Energy Efficiency in WSNs With Hybrid LEACH-D and ...

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Multimedia university engineering Conference (MECON)

作者： Muhammad Salman Qamar Ihsan ul Haq Muhammad Fahad Munir Mardeni Bin Roslee Adnan Anwar Awan Athar Waseem Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering International Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan Centre for Wireless Technology Faculty of Engineering Multimedia University Cyberjaya Malaysia Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering School of Engineering California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo CA USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331530747

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530754

This paper explores strategies to improve the energy efficiency and operational longevity of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) through the optimization of clustering techniques and energy efficient routing protocols. The proposed methodology is precisely crafted to optimize energy consumption (EC) while preserving the overall effectiveness of WSNs. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Cluster Hierarchy) is a cluster-based protocol where non-cluster head nodes deactivate their RF until their allocated time slots. Nevertheless, a drawback of traditional LEACH is its random rotation of local Cluster Heads (CH), leading to unequal cluster distribution. To overcome this issue, we proposed a novel hybrid technique called LEACH-D protocol and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The LEACH-D algorithm enhances the duration of transmission tasks while ensuring uniform battery energy consumption. On the other hand, the ANN plays a pivotal role in coordinating optimal routing decisions and CH placement, refining data aggregation and transmission mechanisms to restrain idle listening. The findings indicate that the suggested approach manifests as substantial reductions in energy consumption and prolonged network lifespan of WSN.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Energy consumption Simulation Artificial neural networks Data aggregation Energy efficiency Magnetic heads Routing protocols Batteries Optimization

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