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arXiv 2024年

作者： Beikmohammadi, Ali Hamian, Mohammad Hosein Khoeyniha, Neda Lindgren, Tony Steinert, Olof Magnússon, Sindri The Department of Computer and System Science Stockholm University Stockholm11419 Sweden The Faculty of Computer Engineering K. N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran The Faculty of Management University of Tehran Tehran Iran The Scania CV Strategic Product Planning and Advanced Analytics Södertälje Sweden

The rapid influx of data-driven models into the industrial sector has been facilitated by the proliferation of sensor technology, enabling the collection of vast quantities of data. However, leveraging these models for failure detection and prognosis poses significant challenges, including issues like missing values and class imbalances. Moreover, the cost sensitivity associated with industrial operations further complicates the application of conventional models in this context. This paper introduces a novel cost-sensitive transformer model developed as part of a systematic workflow, which also integrates a hybrid resampler and a regression-based imputer. After subjecting our approach to rigorous testing using the APS failure dataset from Scania trucks and the SECOM dataset, we observed a substantial enhancement in performance compared to state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, we conduct an ablation study to analyze the contributions of different components in our proposed method. Our findings highlight the potential of our method in addressing the unique challenges of failure prediction in industrial settings, thereby contributing to enhanced reliability and efficiency in industrial operations. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Statistical tests

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Perioperative Anesthesia Data: Visualization, Effects, Analysis with Artificial Intelligence

Perioperative Anesthesia Data: Visualization, Effects, Analy...

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Electronic Communications, Internet of Things and Big Data (ICEIB), International Conference on

作者： Xiaoxiao Liu Sean McGrath Colin Flanagan Yiming Lei Liaoyuan Zeng Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Limerick Limerick Ireland School of Mathematics and Information HeBei University HeBei China Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center Mobile Digital Hospital System School of Electronics Peking University Beijing China Department of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

ISBN: (数字)9798350360721

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360738

A comprehensive understanding of physiological data is essential for anesthesiologists to monitor and maintain the health of surgical patients. Understanding anesthetic signals is essential to improve over the past ten decades to comprehend a variety of diseases, ensure the safety of patients, and accelerate their recovery. We identified and summarized four themes of artificial intelligence (AI) research in anesthesia: applications of AI in anesthesiology, signals monitored in different anesthesia stages, commonly monitored signs, and data standardization. The effect of various AI technologies on data analysis was studied, and the types, functions, sensors, characteristics, and intelligent analysis of physiological signals monitored during anesthesia are presented in this article. AI influences anesthesia practices in many ways, including preoperative data evaluation, anesthetic depth monitoring, and postoperative event prediction.

关键词： Temperature sensors Temperature measurement Sensor phenomena and characterization Anesthesia Safety Biomedical monitoring Artificial intelligence

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Anaesthesia Monitoring: From Conventional to AI-Enabled Data Acquisition Methods

Anaesthesia Monitoring: From Conventional to AI-Enabled Data...

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Eurocon

作者： Xiaoxiao Liu Sean McGrath Colin Flanagan Yiming Lei Liaoyuan Zeng Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Limerick Limerick Ireland Ministry of education engineering research center on mobile digital hospital system School of electronics Peking University Beijing China Department of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

It is widely recognized that the timely acquisition and presentation of accurate physiological data is a vital aid to the anaesthesiologist in monitoring and maintaining the well-being of a patient undergoing surgery. Collecting, storing, synchronizing, integrating, evaluating, and retrieving pertinent information from patient data remains very difficult due to limited computer power, the need for specialized software, inconsistency between monitoring devices, and inadequate data storage. This paper introduces the general steps of data acquisition in anaesthesia and summarizes some data acquisition systems. It also introduces some applications of the burgeoning field of artificial intelligence (AI) to data acquisition, illustrating how AI techniques may be used to advantage to assist the anaesthesiologist in monitoring and interpreting such data.

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Towards Task Sampler Learning for Meta-Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Jingyao Qiang, Wenwen Su, Xingzhe Zheng, Changwen Sun, Fuchun Xiong, Hui National Key Laboratory of Space Integrated Information System Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China Thrust of Artificial Intelligence Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

Meta-learning aims to learn general knowledge with diverse training tasks conducted from limited data, and then transfer it to new tasks. It is commonly believed that increasing task diversity will enhance the generalization ability of meta-learning models. However, this paper challenges this view through empirical and theoretical analysis. We obtain three conclusions: (i) there is no universal task sampling strategy that can guarantee the optimal performance of meta-learning models;(ii) over-constraining task diversity may incur the risk of under-fitting or overfitting during training;and (iii) the generalization performance of meta-learning models are affected by task diversity, task entropy, and task difficulty. Based on this insight, we design a novel task sampler, called Adaptive Sampler (ASr). ASr is a plug-and-play module that can be integrated into any meta-learning framework. It dynamically adjusts task weights according to task diversity, task entropy, and task difficulty, thereby obtaining the optimal probability distribution for meta-training tasks. Finally, we conduct experiments on a series of benchmark datasets across various scenarios, and the results demonstrate that ASr has clear advantages. The code is publicly available at https://***/WangJingyao07/AdaptiveSampler. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Entropy

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Synthesizing realistic images for improved early detection of novel pandemics: A GAN enabled approach

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Heliyon 2025年第6期11卷

作者： Rounaq, Sumera Shah, Shahid Munir Aljawarneh, Mahmoud Mohammad Khan, Sarah Muhammad, Ghulam Department of Computer Science DHA Suffa University Karachi Pakistan Faculty of Engineering Sciences and Technology Hamdard University Karachi Pakistan Faculty of Information Technology Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan MEU Research Unit Middle East University Amman Jordan System Architect Low Code Solutions London United Kingdom Department of Computer Science Bahria University Karachi Pakistan

Infectious diseases like the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) affect millions of individuals if not managed well in time. Thus, to reduce the transmission rate, effective diagnostic techniques must be identified. Early detection and diagnosis may be aided by Artificial Intelligence (AI) based automated diagnostics;however, these algorithms need a lot of pertinent data to be trained. In the early stages of a pandemic, gathering a lot of data is never an easy task. This presents challenges for accurate automatic diagnosis of such infectious diseases. To address this issue, a customized Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) based architecture i. e., CoroWGAN-GP is proposed to synthesize images and to expand datasets. A dataset of 588 images with COVID-19, Normal, and Viral Pneumonia categories (taken from Cohen's repository [1]) was expanded using the proposed CoroWGAN-GP approach and used to train a proposed customized deep CNN architecture i. e., DeepCNN-CovNet19. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model achieved a considerable detection accuracy. i. e., 98.0 % in detecting the disease. The effectiveness of the proposed method was further evaluated by comparing its results with the state-of-the-art methods in the literature. Comparative analyses indicate that the proposed approach offers a promising solution for the accurate diagnosis of COVID-19-like pandemics. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Chest X-ray Convolutional neural networks COVID-19 CXR GAN Pandemic Wasserstein GAN

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Continual Reinforcement Learning for Digital Twin Synchronization Optimization

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Tong, Haonan Chen, Mingzhe Zhao, Jun Hu, Ye Yang, Zhaohui Liu, Yuchen Yin, Changchuan The Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence The Beijing Advanced Information Network Laboratory Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Singapore The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Frost Institute for Data Science and Computing University of Miami Coral GablesFL33146 United States The Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Miami Coral GablesFL33146 United States The College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou310027 China The Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University RaleighNC27695 United States The Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence China The Beijing Advanced Information Network Laboratory Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China

This article investigates the adaptive resource allocation scheme for digital twin (DT) synchronization optimization over dynamic wireless networks. In our considered model, a base station (BS) continuously collects factory physical object state data from wireless devices to build a real-time virtual DT system for factory event analysis. Due to continuous data transmission, maintaining DT synchronization must use extensive wireless resources. To address this issue, a subset of devices is selected to transmit their sensing data, and resource block (RB) allocation is optimized. This problem is formulated as a constrained Markov process (CMDP) problem that minimizes the long-term mismatch between the physical and virtual systems. To solve this CMDP, we first transform the problem into a dual problem that refines RB constraint impacts on device scheduling strategies. We then propose a continual reinforcement learning (CRL) algorithm to solve the dual problem. The CRL algorithm learns a stable policy across historical experiences for quick adaptation to dynamics in physical states and network capacity. Simulation results show that the CRL can adapt quickly to network capacity changes and reduce normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) between physical and virtual states by up to 55.2%, using the same RB number as traditional methods. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Markov processes

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Depth-Aware Multi-Modal Fusion for Generalized Zero-Shot Learning

Depth-Aware Multi-Modal Fusion for Generalized Zero-Shot Lea...

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IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)

作者： Weipeng Cao Xuyang Yao Zhiwu Xu Yinghui Pan Yixuan Sun Dachuan Li Bohua Qiu Muheng Wei Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (Shenzhen) Shenzhen China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Stony Brook University New York United States Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China ZhenDui Industry Artificial Intelligence Co. Ltd Shenzhen China Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai China

ISBN: (数字)9798331527471

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527488

Realizing Generalized Zero-Shot Learning (GZSL) based on large models is emerging as a prevailing trend. However, most existing methods merely regard large models as black boxes, solely leveraging the features output by the final layer while disregarding potential performance enhancements from other layers. Indeed, numerous researchers have visually depicted variations in the features learned across different layers of neural networks. Motivated by this observation, we propose a Vision Transformer (ViT)-based GZSL method named Depth-Aware Multi-Modal ViT (DAM2ViT), which exploits multi-level features of ViT. DAM2ViT incorporates a multi-modal interaction block to align semantic information of categories across multiple layers, thereby augmenting the model's capacity to learn associations between visual and semantic spaces. Extensive experiments conducted on three benchmark datasets (i.e., CUB, SUN, AWA2) have showcased that DAM2ViT achieves competitive results compared to state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Visualization Adaptation models Semantics Zero shot learning Neural networks Termination of employment Transformers Market research Sun Optimization

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Design and Implementation of a QoL Improvement system for Visually Impaired Patients

Design and Implementation of a QoL Improvement System for Vi...

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International Conference on Advances in Computational Tools for engineering Applications, ACTEA

作者： Roy Abi Zeid Daou Jad Beaino Johnny Hawat Ramy Ibrahim Ali Hayek Josef Boercsoek Jose Javier Serrano Olmedo Mechatronics department Faculty of Engineering Université La Sagesse Beirut Lebanon MART Learning Education and Research Center Chananir Lebanon Department Lippstadt 2 Hardware Engineering University of Applied Science Hamm-Lippstadt Hamm Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming Faculty of Electrical Engineering/Computer Science University of Kassel Germany Lab of Bioinstrumentation and Nanomedicine Centro de Tecnología Biomédica Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Spain

Visually impaired people encounter several challenges in their mobility and navigation. Their daily activities are obstructed due to their inability to adapt or recognize accurately their surroundings, especially outside their house which they are more familiar with. Thus, it becomes the main reason of accidents, falling off, getting lost in unknown areas, etc. Furthermore, one of the sensory systems that helps the body to process data about the external environment is the visual system. Blind people also lose touch with the outside world, develops poor motor habits, which results in postural problems as a result. This project will assist visually impaired people in their daily life and simplify normal tasks through a system combining two previously designed projects, “Smart Shoes for Blind and Visually Impaired People”, and “Human posture monitoring device”. The multifunctional system is developed with the goal of securing safe movements for visually impaired people as well as maintaining a good back posture by detecting leaning postures (LP). The purpose of the smart shoe is to identify obstacles and protect the user from unintended accidents. A compatible Android application has been developed to alert the user when there is an obstruction or when he is walking on a wet surface. Voice alarms will be used to acoustically alert the user. If the user collapses, a message with their position will be sent right away to a relative. On the other hand, the smart vest will identify the position of the user's back and alert him to maintain a straight posture through the same application as well. As the system is dealing with human health, some safety measurements would be taken into consideration to implement a safe electrical system in order to reduce error and to increase accuracy.

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Scalar optical hopfions

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eLight 2022年第1期2卷 284-290页

作者： Chenhao Wan Yijie Shen Andy Chong Qiwen Zhan School of Optical‑Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China School of Optical and Electronic Information and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Department of Physics Pusan National UniversityGeumjeong‑GuBusan 46241South Korea Zhangjiang Laboratory 100 Haike RoadShanghai 201204China Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Hopfions are three-dimensional(3D)topological states discovered in field theory,magnetics,and hydrodynamics that resemble particle-like objects in physical *** inherit the topological features of the Hopf fibration,a homotopic mapping from unit sphere in 4D space to unit sphere in 3D *** we design and demonstrate dynamic scalar optical hopfions in the shape of a toroidal vortex and expressed as an approximate solution to Maxwell’s *** lines correspond to disjoint and interlinked loops forming complete ring tori in 3D *** Hopf invariant,product of two winding numbers,is determined by the topological charge of the poloidal spatiotemporal vortices and toroidal spatial vortices in toroidal *** hopfions provide a photonic testbed for studying topological states and may be utilized as high-dimensional information carriers.

关键词： Hopfion Toroidal vortex Spatiotemporal vortex Wave packet Topology Topological charge

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Identification of Clinical Features Associated with Mortality in COVID-19 Patients

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Operations Research Forum 2023年第1期4卷 1-20页

作者： Eskandarian, Rahimeh Alizadehsani, Roohallah Behjati, Mohaddeseh Zahmatkesh, Mehrdad Sani, Zahra Alizadeh Haddadi, Azadeh Kakhi, Kourosh Roshanzamir, Mohamad Shoeibi, Afshin Hussain, Sadiq Khozeimeh, Fahime Darbandy, Mohammad Tayarani Joloudari, Javad Hassannataj Lashgari, Reza Khosravi, Abbas Nahavandi, Saeid Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Internal Medicine Research Center Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI) Deakin University Victoria Australia Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Omid Hospital Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Biology Faculty of Basic Sciences Shahrekord Branch Islamic Azad University Shahrekord Iran Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Fasa University Fasa 74617-81189 Iran Data Science and Computational Intelligence Institute University of Granada Granada Spain System Administrator Dibrugarh University Assam 786004 India School of Architecture Islamic Azad University Taft Taft *** Iran Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Birjand Birjand Iran Department of Computer Engineering Amol Institute of Higher Education Amol Iran Institute of Medical Science and Technology Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard Paulson Harvard University Allston 02134 MA United States Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University Geelong 3220 VIC Australia Cardiovascular Division The George Institute for Global Health Newtown Australia Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Camperdown Australia

Understanding clinical features and risk factors associated with COVID-19 mortality is needed to early identify critically ill patients, initiate treatments and prevent mortality. A retrospective study on COVID-19 patients referred to a tertiary hospital in Iran between March and November 2020 was conducted. COVID-19-related mortality and its association with clinical features including headache, chest pain, symptoms on computerized tomography (CT), hospitalization, time to infection, history of neurological disorders, having a single or multiple risk factors, fever, myalgia, dizziness, seizure, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and anorexia were investigated. Based on the investigation outcome, decision tree and dimension reduction algorithms were used to identify the aforementioned risk factors. Of the 3008 patients (mean age 59.3 ± 18.7 years, 44% women) with COVID-19, 373 died. There was a significant association between COVID-19 mortality and old age, headache, chest pain, low respiratory rate, oxygen saturation < 93%, need for a mechanical ventilator, having symptoms on CT, hospitalization, time to infection, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases and having a risk factor or multiple risk factors. In contrast, there was no significant association between mortality and gender, fever, myalgia, dizziness, seizure, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and anorexia. Our results might help identify early symptoms related to COVID-19 and better manage patients according to the extracted decision tree. The proposed ML models identified a number of clinical features and risk factors associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients. These models if implemented in a clinical setting might help to early identify patients needing medical attention and care. However, more studies are needed to confirm these findings. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： COVID‐19 Machine learning Mortality Risk factors Symptoms

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