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A divide-and-conquer reconstruction method for defending against adversarial example attacks

Visual Intelligence 2024年第1期2卷 1-17页

作者： Liu, Xiyao Hu, Jiaxin Yang, Qingying Jiang, Ming He, Jianbiao Fang, Hui School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Hunan Changsha 410083 China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Information Security School of Computer Science and Information Security Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guangxi Guilin China Department of Computer Science Loughborough University Loughborough LE113TU United Kingdom

In recent years, defending against adversarial examples has gained significant importance, leading to a growing body of research in this area. Among these studies, pre-processing defense approaches have emerged as a prominent research direction. However, existing adversarial example pre-processing techniques often employ a single pre-processing model to counter different types of adversarial attacks. Such a strategy may miss the nuances between different types of attacks, limiting the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of the defense strategy. To address this issue, we propose a divide-and-conquer reconstruction pre-processing algorithm via multi-classification and multi-network training to more effectively defend against different types of mainstream adversarial attacks. The premise and challenge of the divide-and-conquer reconstruction defense is to distinguish between multiple types of adversarial attacks. Our method designs an adversarial attack classification module that exploits the high-frequency information differences between different types of adversarial examples for their multi-classification, which can hardly be achieved by existing adversarial example detection methods. In addition, we construct a divide-and-conquer reconstruction module that utilizes different trained image reconstruction models for each type of adversarial attack, ensuring optimal defense effectiveness. Extensive experiments show that our proposed divide-and-conquer defense algorithm exhibits superior performance compared to state-of-the-art pre-processing methods. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Adversarial attack multi-classification Adversarial example defense Divide-and-conquer strategy Reconstruction network

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Infringement Detection and Traceability Scheme Based on Ciphertext Feature Extraction 9

Infringement Detection and Traceability Scheme Based on Ciph...

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9th IEEE International Conference on Data science in Cyberspace, DSC 2024

作者： Wang, Lianhai Wang, Xinlei Liu, Tianrui Wang, Yingxiaochun Li, Qi Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center National Supercomputer Center in Jinan Jinan China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Network and Information System Security Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391367

The rapid growth of healthcare data transactions has fostered win-win developments in healthcare technology innovation and economic benefits. However, the issue of secondary transactions makes data ownership vulnerable to infringement due to the easily replicable nature of the data. As the importance of ownership and privacy increases, more and more users protect the privacy of data through encryption methods, making it impossible for existing methods to make infringement judgments on ciphertext data. To solve this problem, we propose an infringement detection and traceability scheme based on feature extraction of ciphertext data. Firstly, the characteristics of fully homomorphic encryption are utilized to obtain data features in the ciphertext state, and the plaintext state of these features is used as the basis for infringement judgment. Additionally, during the data transaction process, the ownership registration of the sales data is verified through smart contracts to ensure the effective association between the transaction data and the seller's address. The experimental results show that the scheme can accurately determine infringement while protecting data security and privacy. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Confident information Coverage Reliability Evaluation for Sensor Networks of Openly Deployed ICP systems

IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical systems 2024年 2卷 565-574页

作者： Chen, Suning Yi, Yuanyuan Yi, Lingzhi Liu, Shenghao Deng, Xianjun Xia, Yunzhi Fan, Xiaoxuan Yang, Laurence T. Park, Jong Hyuk Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security The School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan430074 China Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Journalism and Information Communication Wuhan430074 China Zhongnan University of Economics and Law School of Information and Safety Engineering Wuhan430073 China Seoul National University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul01811 Korea Republic of

Industrial Cyber-Physical (ICP) systems are integration of computation and physical processes to help achieve operational excellence. As sensors and actuators compose the openly deployed ICP systems and are often susceptible to interference, it puts forward higher requirements on reliability. Reliable coverage ensures sensors acquiring information and therefore coverage reliability of sensor network is studied from various perspectives. However, most existing reliability evaluation methods ignore the belief degree of coverage which influences the reliability to an extent. To evaluate the coverage reliability from the perspective of belief degree, we firstly define Confident information Coverage Belief Reliability (CICBR) based on the Confident information Coverage (CIC) model and D-S evidence theory, which comprehensively considers the coverage rate, interference from the environment, and belief degree of the result. Next, to evaluate the belief degree more reasonably, an Evidence-discount-based basic probability assignment generating method is proposed based on D-S theory to describe the interference in the belief degree. Moreover, a belief evaluation algorithm is proposed to calculate the belief degree of the coverage. Finally, an evidence-Discount-based Confident information Coverage Belief Reliability Evaluation (D-CICBRE) algorithm is proposed to evaluate CICBR. The simulation result indicates that the proposed method can obtain higher and more reasonable reliability. Therefore, the proposed D-CICBRE algorithm can be used to evaluate the reliability of ICP systems more accurately and reasonably. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Sensor networks

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LCLB: Low Cross-Chain Transaction Ratio and Load Balancing for Blockchain Sharding 6

LCLB: Low Cross-Chain Transaction Ratio and Load Balancing f...

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6th International Conference on Robotics, Intelligent Control and Artificial Intelligence, RICAI 2024

作者： Wang, Yu Wu, Xiaoming Yuan, Qile Dong, Yunfeng Liu, Xiangzhi Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center National Supercomputer Center in Jinan Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Jinan China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Network and Information System Security Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331541699

As blockchain technology becomes widely applied, handling high volumes of transactions has become a critical challenge. Sharding has emerged as an effective solution to enhance the throughput of blockchain systems. Yet, this approach introduces challenges related to the frequency of cross-shard transactions and workload balancing. High rates of cross-shard transactions can slow overall processing speed and reduce throughput, while uneven load distribution can overburden some shards and underutilize others, impacting overall efficiency. To address these issues, this paper proposes a sharding method named LCLB. This method employs the concept of label propagation to pre-shard accounts with frequent transactions into a designated shard, ensuring a lower ratio of cross-shard transactions. It also uses an elastic load balancing algorithm to dynamically adjust the distribution of accounts, ensuring a relatively balanced processing load across all shards. Our results indicate that LCLB significantly enhances blockchain sharding performance,not only enhancing transaction throughput but also significantly reducing transaction confirmation latency, while ensuring a balanced load across various shards. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Blockchain

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Research and Application of Speech Transmission Index in Acoustic Leakage Detection 17

Research and Application of Speech Transmission Index in Aco...

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17th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, BioMedical Engineering and Informatics, CISP-BMEI 2024

作者： Hao, Qiuyun Wang, FuQiang Zhang, Peng Ma, XiaoFeng Zhang, Jianqiang Zhao, Wei Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center National Supercomputer Center in Jinan Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Jinan China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Network and Information System Security Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507398

Acoustic information in confidential premise can be leaked through channels such as walls, pipes, doors and windows. Acoustic leakage level needs to be measured through specific indicators. Acoustic leakage evaluation indicator includes subjective evaluation indicator and objective evaluation indicator. The subjective evaluation indicator is a qualitative evaluation of acoustic leakage through subjective auditory perception of human ear, which can directly reflect the degree of acoustic leakage in confidential premise. At present, the objective evaluation indicator is mainly sound transmission loss (STL) to reflect objective degree of acoustic leakage in confidential premise. Therefore, it is relatively singular. Through study of Speech Transmission Index (STI), speech transmission index for public address systems (STIPA), which is a simplified form of FULL STI, is applied to acoustic leakage detection in this paper. STI has been proposed as an objective evaluation indicator and applied to acoustic leakage detection and acoustic information security. In order to confirm the effectiveness of objective evaluation indicator, a large number of related experimental studies have been conducted in the paper. Through experiments, it has been proven that STI can objectively evaluate level of acoustic leakage and level of acoustic information security in confidential premise. STI can better predict level of Chinese clarity under various complex transmission conditions. It provides a reliable basis for speech privacy of confidential premise and evaluation of architectural acoustic, sound reinforcement system and voice communication system. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： information leakage

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Reputation based Adaptive Federated Learning in Medical Scenarios 9

Reputation based Adaptive Federated Learning in Medical Scen...

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9th IEEE International Conference on Data science in Cyberspace, DSC 2024

作者： Wang, Lianhai Liu, Tianrui Wang, Yingxiaochun Wang, Xinlei Li, Qi Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center National Supercomputer Center in Jinan Jinan China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Network and Information System Security Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391367

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm designed to address data silos and protect data privacy. However, in medical scenarios, the heterogeneity in data quality and the non-independent and identically distributed (Non-IID) nature of medical data from different hospitals can lead to degraded model performance in FL. To tackle this challenge, this paper proposes an adaptive federated learning framework based on reputation. By using a reputation evaluation model, the framework adaptively adjusts the aggregation weights of the models to enhance the performance of the global model. Additionally, our reputation evaluation model, integrated with blockchain technology, can rapidly identify malicious clients and effectively prevent poisoning attacks. Experimental results on two medical datasets demonstrate that this framework achieves higher model accuracy and faster convergence. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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Joint Optimization of Compression, Transmission and Computation for Cooperative Perception Aided Intelligent Vehicular Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular technology 2025年第5期74卷 8201-8214页

作者： Lu, Binbin Huang, Xumin Wu, Yuan Qian, Liping Zhou, Sheng Niyato, Dusit University of Macau State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Computer and Information Science 999078 China Guangdong University of Technology School of Automation Guangzhou510006 China University of Macau State Key Lab of Internet of Things for Smart City 999078 China University of Macau State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Computer Information Science 999078 China Zhuhai UM Science and Technology AQ2 Research Institute Zhuhai519301 China Zhejiang University of Technology Institute of Cyberspace Security Hangzhou310023 China Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering 639815 Singapore

Cooperative perception is a promising paradigm to tackle the perception limitations of a single intelligent vehicle (IV) to enhance the driving safety and efficiency in intelligent vehicular networks. However, the real-time transmission and computation-intensive fusion of raw sensing data raise new challenges for satisfying the stringent delay requirement of delay-sensitive applications. In this paper, we formulate a joint optimization problem of the cooperative IV selection, compression ratio selection, transmit power control, task offloading decision and computation allocation to minimize the end-to-end delay consisting of compression, transmission and computation. In particular, to meet the perception probability requirement, the quality and quantity-aware matching algorithm is proposed to optimize the cooperative IV selection. To guarantee the queue stability of offloading tasks, we develop the Lyapunov optimization algorithm to determine the upper bound of the offloading tasks and the corresponding optimal computation allocation. The Lyapunov aided deep reinforcement learning algorithm is further proposed to dynamically adjust the task offloading decision and compression ratio selection to minimize the end-to-end delay with the transmit power control being optimized by the successive convex approximation algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared to several benchmark algorithms, our proposed algorithm achieves the lowest end-to-end delay while guaranteeing the requirements on perception probability and queue stability effectively. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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A Blockchain-Based Hierarchical Dynamic Collaborative Storage Model 10

A Blockchain-Based Hierarchical Dynamic Collaborative Storag...

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10th IEEE Smart World Congress, SWC 2024

作者： Yuan, Qile Liu, Xiangzhi Wang, Yu Dong, Yunfeng Jia, Haoyu Wu, Xiaoming Jinan China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Network and Information System Security Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520861

The pervasive application of blockchain technology has led to a significant increase in data volume, presenting significant challenges to existing storage architectures in environments characterized by large volumes of data and highfrequency transactions. To enhance the scalability of blockchain, this study introduces an innovative framework, Hierarchical Dynamic Storage Management Chain Model, named HDSMC. The model consists of two stages. In the first phase of the model, when multimodal data files are uploaded, LBA techniques are employed to securely eliminate unnecessary redundancy, effectively preventing the storage of duplicate data. In the second phase, further processing is conducted on the generated blocks. This involves analyzing the frequency of block access to compute the variation in block 'heat'. Based on the Block Heat (BH), the number of replicas for each block across participating nodes is then determined. Furthermore, the framework implements an adaptive tiering strategy based on data access frequency and its importance, which facilitates the timely migration of data to an appropriate storage level. A simulated Hyperledger Fabric environment was employed to deploy the HDSMC framework and to assess its performance against current storage methodologies. The empirical outcomes indicated that this approach could achieve lower storage expenditures while ensuring high reliability. This research not only presents a novel strategy for blockchain storage management but also suggests potential applications for storage optimization in other big data scenarios. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Blockchain Data Sharding Hierarchical Storage Performance Optimization Scalability

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Incorporating metapath interaction on heterogeneous information network for social recommendation

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Frontiers of computer science 2024年第1期18卷 33-48页

作者： Yanbin JIANG Huifang MA Xiaohui ZHANG Zhixin LI Liang CHANG College of Computer Science and Engineering Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-source Information Mining and Security Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541001China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Trusted Software Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China

Heterogeneous information network(HIN)has recently been widely adopted to describe complex graph structure in recommendation systems,proving its effectiveness in modeling complex graph *** existing HIN-based recommendation studies have achieved great success by performing message propagation between connected nodes on the defined metapaths,they have the following major *** works mainly convert heterogeneous graphs into homogeneous graphs via defining metapaths,which are not expressive enough to capture more complicated dependency relationships involved on the ***,the heterogeneous information is more likely to be provided by item attributes while social relations between users are not adequately *** tackle these limitations,we propose a novel social recommendation model MPISR,which models MetaPath Interaction for Social Recommendation on heterogeneous information ***,our model first learns the initial node representation through a pretraining module,and then identifies potential social friends and item relations based on their similarity to construct a unified *** then develop the two-way encoder module with similarity encoder and instance encoder to capture the similarity collaborative signals and relational dependency on different *** experiments on five real datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

关键词： heterogeneous information network social reco-mmender system metapath interaction attention mechanism

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An Adaptive Heterogeneous Credit Card Fraud Detection Model Based on Deep Reinforcement Training Subset Selection

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第8期5卷 4026-4041页

作者： Zhu, Kun Zhang, Nana Ding, Weiping Jiang, Changjun the Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Shanghai201804 China Collaborative Innovation Center for Financial Network Security Tongji University Shanghai201804 China the School of Computer Science and Technology Donghua University Shanghai201620 China the School of Information Science and Technology Nantong University Nantong226019 China

Heterogeneous fraud detection is an important means of credit card security assurance, which can utilize historical transaction records in a source and target domain to build an effective fraud detection model. Nevertheless, large feature distribution differences between source and target transaction instances and the complex intrinsic structure hidden behind transaction data make it difficult for existing credit card fraud detection (CCFD) models to capture and transfer the most informative feature representations and seriously hinder detection performance. In this work, we propose a novel adaptive heterogeneous CCFD model named adaptive heterogeneous credit card fraud detection model based on deep reinforcement training subset selection (RTAHC) based on deep reinforcement training subset selection, which mainly contains two components: selection distribution generator (SDG) and transaction fraud detector (TFD, including feature extractor with an attention mechanism and classifier). The SDG can generate the selection probability distribution vector via the reinforcement reward mechanism, and then transaction instances in the source domain relevant to the target domain are selected. The feature extractor with an attention mechanism can learn the abstract deep semantic feature representations of selected source transaction instances and the target domain. The joint training of SDG and TFD can provide more real-time and accurate transaction feature representations to reduce the distribution discrepancy between the two domains. We verify the detection performance of RTAHC across a large real-world credit card transaction dataset and four public datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the RTAHC model can exhibit competitive CCFD performance. Impact Statement—With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI)generated models, credit card fraud has become increasingly rampant, which also causes tens of billions of U.S. dollars in credit card losses worldwide every year

关键词： Hidden Markov models

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