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Semantic Segmentation of Lumbar Vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on Spine Magnetic Resonance Images

computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi S V V Shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam Sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerves,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achieves high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar Spine MRI Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae gives better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DSC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection over Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model

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Multi-channel mantis search spatial attention convolutional neural network based hyperspectral image change detection

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-22页

作者： Divya, V.M. Department of Computer Science and Engineering East West Institute of Technology Visvesvaraya Technological University Belagavi560018 India

Hyperspectral imaging has transformed remote sensing by offering detailed spectral data for monitoring environmental changes, like urban development and terrestrial cover variations. However, existing change detection techniques often face challenges like underfitting and overfitting. In this research, a novel approach is introduced for hyperspectral image change detection using a Multi-Channel Mantis Search (MCMS). This innovative methodology leverages the power of a Multi-Channel Convolutional Neural Network (MCNN) to process each spectral band independently, facilitating the capture of unique features within each band. The input hyperspectral images are gathered from the Pavia university Dataset and the Indian Pines Dataset. This approach leads to significantly improved feature extraction, enhancing the discrimination of different materials in hyperspectral images. To further enhance the performance of the change detection model, the Mantis Search Algorithm (MSA) is integrated. The MSA is employed to optimize the model's hyperparameters, fine-tuning its architecture and training parameters to achieve superior results. The combination of MCNN and MSA improves hyperspectral image change detection accuracy, achieving 98.21% and 99.31% with the Indian Pines and Pavia university datasets correspondingly. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Research on the balance optimization algorithm of image recognition accuracy and speed based on autocollimator measurement

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第2期21卷 121-128页

作者： LI Renpu MA Long CUI Jiwen GUO Junqi Andrei KULIKOV WEN Dandan Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Sensing Technology and Microsystem Chongqing University of Post and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Higher School of Engineering and Technology ITMO UniversitySaint Petersburg 197101Russia

The autocollimator is an important device for achieving precise,small-angle,non-contact *** primarily obtains angular parameters of a plane target mirror indirectly by detecting the position of the imaging *** is limited report on the core algorithmic techniques in current commercial products and recent scientific *** paper addresses the performance requirements of coordinate reading accuracy and operational speed in autocollimator image *** proposes a cross-image center recognition scheme based on the Hough transform and another based on Zernike moments and the least squares *** experimental evaluation of the accuracy and speed of both schemes,the optimal image recognition scheme balancing measurement accuracy and speed for the autocollimator is *** these,the center recognition method based on Zernike moments and the least squares method offers higher measurement accuracy and stability,while the Hough transform-based method provides faster measurement speed.

关键词： image optimization recognition

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Resolution-aware beam scanning for joint detection and communication in ISAC systems

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 250-266页

作者： Yiming XU Dongfang XU Zhanyuan XIE Zheng JIANG Shenghui SONG Derrick Wing Kwan NG Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology China Telecom Research Institute School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales

Beam scanning for joint detection and communication in integrated sensing and communication(ISAC) systems plays a critical role in continuous monitoring and rapid adaptation to dynamic environments. However, the design of sequential scanning beams for target detection with the required sensing resolution has not been tackled in the *** bridge this gap, this paper introduces a resolution-aware beam scanning design. In particular, the transmit information beamformer, the covariance matrix of the dedicated radar signal, and the receive beamformer are jointly optimized to maximize the average sum rate of the system while satisfying the sensing resolution and detection probability requirements.A block coordinate descent(BCD)-based optimization framework is developed to address the non-convex design problem. By exploiting successive convex approximation(SCA), S-procedure, and semidefinite relaxation(SDR), the proposed algorithm is guaranteed to converge to a stationary solution with polynomial time complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed design can efficiently handle the stringent detection requirement and outperform existing antenna-activation-based methods in the literature by exploiting the full degrees of freedom(DoFs) brought by all antennas.

关键词： integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) detection beam scanning resolution beamwidth

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SMART AGRICULTURE: INTEGRATING AIR QUALITY MONITORING WITH DEEP LEARNING FOR PROCESS OPTIMIZATION*

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Scalable Computing 2025年第3期26卷 1005-1016页

作者： Shobana, J. Subramanian, A Venkata Balamurugan, P. Perumal, Sivakumar Sankari, V. Eldho, K.J. Nareshkumar, R. Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing College of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Tamilnadu Kattankulathur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering GITAM University Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science and Engineering J N N Institute of Enginering India Saveetha university Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sasi Institute of Technology and Engineering Andhra Pradesh Tadepalligudem India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science K.Ramakrishnan College of Engineering Kariyamanickam Rd Tamil Nadu Samayapuram India PG and Research Department of Computer Science Mary Matha Arts and Science College Kerala Mananthavady India Department of Networking and Communications School of Computing College of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Tamilnadu Kattankulathur India

Modernization and intense industrialization have led to a substantial improvement in people’s quality of life. However, the aspiration for achieving an improved quality of life results in environmental contamination. A primary consequence of environmental degradation is air pollution, resulting from rising levels of poisonous chemicals in the atmosphere, which may induce detrimental health conditions in humans. It is harmful to both humans and agriculture. Given that the effects of air pollution on plants may not be readily apparent, it is important to analyse the necessary data and compute the outcomes. Farmers prioritise on pests and plant diseases, frequently neglecting the detrimental impacts of air pollution. Some plant species can withstand high amounts of pollution from suspended particulate matter and accumulated gases, while others are more susceptible to harm. Therefore, plants’ reaction to air pollution is influenced by the kind of harmful compounds, their levels, and the plant’s susceptibility to them. The LSTM +CNN Proposed Ensemble method may be used to analyse the impact of air pollution on agriculture by examining trends in crop production over time and predicting which crop is more resistant based on the pollution data. The initiative created for this aim may assist farmers in determining the most suitable crop to cultivate in their fields to minimize the impact of air pollution on agricultural yield. The findings show deep learning algorithms correctly predict hourly pollutant concentrations such as carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ground-level ozone, and particulate matter 2.5, along with the hourly Air Quality Index (AQI) for California. A proposed model used test RMSE values as a measure to evaluate prediction performance, achieving the best possible results. © 2025 SCPE.

关键词： Nitrogen oxides

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A systematic review on deep learning implementation in brain tumor segmentation, classification and prediction

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-40页

作者： Abid, Muhammad Adeel Munir, Kashif Institute of Computer Science Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan Pakistan Institute of Information Technology Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan Pakistan

The brain is the central part of the body that controls the overall functionality of the human body. The formulation of abnormal cells in the brain may lead to a brain tumor. Manual examination of a brain tumor is challenging and time-consuming. Deep learning is purely based on neural networks, and it's beneficial in identifying and diagnosing brain tumors. Different groups of researchers put efforts into implementing deep learning for the classification, segmentation, and prediction of brain tumor. They proposed different models of deep learning and the accuracy of their models in terms of dice score or evaluation parameters that are quite reasonable and acceptable. The primary purpose of this study is to review the different articles implementing deep learning in the segmentation, classification, and prediction of brain tumors. Appropriate keywords are used to extract articles from January 2018 to September 2023. Evaluation is done based on the implementation of deep learning and the accuracy of the proposed model, and a complete data sheet is maintained against each article. A total of 154 articles were collected, and 80 research articles were selected for this study after complete analysis. Each selected article proposed models based on deep learning with reasonable and acceptable accuracy in identifying the brain tumor. 2-D CNN and 3-D CNN are used on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images of the brain for brain tumor detection. Thus, much more attention is required in the future on this topic to improve the accuracy of brain tumor identification. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Prioritized Random Access Based on Compute-and-Forward

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China Communications 2025年第4期22卷 254-267页

作者： Xu Yu Cui Chen Guo Qing School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China National Engineering Research Center of Visual Technology School of Computer SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

In wireless networks,the prioritized transmission scheme is essential for accommodating different priority classes of users sharing a common *** this paper,we propose a prioritized random access scheme based on compute-and-forward,referred to as expanding window sign-compute diversity slotted ALOHA(EW-SCDSA).We improve the expanding window technique and apply it to a high-throughput random access scheme,i.e.,the signcompute diversity slotted ALOHA(SCDSA)scheme,to implement prioritized random *** analyze the probability of user resolution in each priority class utilizing a bipartite graph and derive the corresponding lower bounds,the effectiveness of which is validated through simulation *** results demonstrate that the EW-SCDSA scheme can provide heterogeneous reliability performance for various user priority classes and significantly outperforms the existing advanced prioritized random access scheme.

关键词： compute-and-forward diversity transmission prioritized transmission random access slotted ALOHA

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Invariant Set Analysis and Control Synthesis of Multi-Equilibrium Switched Systems under Control Constraints 13

Invariant Set Analysis and Control Synthesis of Multi-Equili...

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13th International Conference on Intelligent Control and Information Processing, ICICIP 2025

作者： Han, Yuejiang Zhang, Lixian Ding, Yihang Dong, Yifei Liang, Ye School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China College of Computer and Control Engineering Northeast Forestry University Harbin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516147

This paper investigates the problems of invariant set analysis and control synthesis for multi-equilibrium switched systems under control constraints. A control strategy based on the invariant set method is proposed, accompanied by criteria formulated as linear matrix inequalities, ensuring that the state remains within the mode-dependent invariant sets. Furthermore, considering the control constraints in practical scenarios, a multi-equilibrium switched controller with control constraints (MESCC controller) is designed. Compared to existing works, the proposed method incorporates mode-dependent dwell time conditions and mode-dependent invariant sets, thereby offering enhanced design flexibility. An example of an aero-engine control system is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and potential of the theoretical results. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Control system synthesis

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Lightweight Adaptive Learning Algorithm for Energy-Latency Tradeoff in IoMT-Enabled Edge Computing 17

Lightweight Adaptive Learning Algorithm for Energy-Latency T...

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17th International Conference on Machine Vision, ICMV 2024

作者： Yadav, Rahul Shafiq, Muhammad Kumar, Mohit Wei, Li Elaziz, Mohamed Abd College of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Engineering University Harbin China Cyberspace Institute of Advance Technology Guangzhou University Guangzhou China Department of Information Technology National Institute of Technology Jalandhar India Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688278

Smart Healthcare is witnessing widespread implementation of Internet-of-Medical-Things (IoMT) devices. These devices play a crucial role in collecting vast amounts of data from various smart healthcare applications, which are then processed to facilitate informed decision-making. Edge computing has emerged as a valuable platform offering computational resources to handle this data collection efficiently. However, a critical challenge arises from the inappropriate and inefficient classical approaches to fair resource allocation in these energy-intensive, short battery life and delay-intolerant portable devices. To address this issue, this paper presents a Lightweight Adaptive Learning Offloading Algorithm designed to optimize energy and latency in an edge computing environment. The proposed algorithm formulates the problem as a combined minimization of latency and energy costs while satisfying constraints related to limited battery capacity and service latency deadlines. To achieve this, the algorithm employs the adaptation parameters (α, β, γ), and the tradeoff target (C′) is configured based on the specific task requirements. Experimental results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed scheme, including energy savings and minimized latency in an edge environment. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme under a realistic scenario using the iFogSim2 simulator. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Electronic health record

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Imp: Highly Capable Large Multimodal Models for Mobile Devices

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年 27卷 2961-2974页

作者： Shao, Zhenwei Yu, Zhou Yu, Jun Ouyang, Xuecheng Zheng, Lihao Gai, Zhenbiao Wang, Mingyang Kuang, Zhenzhong Ding, Jiajun Hangzhou Dianzi University Key Laboratory of Complex Systems Modeling and Simulation School of Computer Science Hangzhou310005 China Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Department of Computer Science and Technology Shenzhen China Hangzhou Dianzi University HDU-ITMO Joint Institute Hangzhou310005 China

By harnessing the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), recent large multimodal models (LMMs) have shown remarkable versatility in open-world multimodal understanding. Nevertheless, they are usually parameter-heavy and computation-intensive, thus hindering their applicability in resource-constrained scenarios. To this end, several lightweight LMMs have been proposed successively to maximize the capabilities under constrained scale (e.g., 3B). Despite the encouraging results achieved by these methods, most of them only focus on one or two aspects of the design space, and the key design choices that influence model capability have not yet been thoroughly investigated. In this paper, we conduct a systematic study for lightweight LMMs from the aspects of model architecture, training strategy, and training data. Based on our findings, we obtain Imp - a family of highly capable LMMs at the 2B$\sim$4B scales. Notably, our Imp-3B model steadily outperforms all the existing lightweight LMMs of similar size, and even surpasses the state-of-the-art LMMs at the 13B scale. With low-bit quantization and resolution reduction techniques, our Imp model can be deployed on a Qualcomm Snapdragon 8Gen3 mobile chip with a high inference speed of about 13 tokens/s. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Visual languages

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