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STPM: Spatial-Temporal Token Pruning and Merging for Complex Activity Recognition

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video technology 2024年第6期35卷 5407-5418页

作者： Su, Yumeng Zhang, Jiachao Yan, Rui Li, Pengpeng Xie, Guosen Shu, Xiangbo Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing210094 China Nanjing Institute of Technology Artificial Intelligence Industrial Technology Research Institute Nanjing211167 China Nanjing University Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing210023 China

Lightweight video representation techniques have advanced significantly for simple activity recognition, but they still encounter several issues when applied to complex activity recognition: (i) The presence of numerous individuals and varying spatial positions makes it difficult for traditional token pruning methods to maintain accuracy. (ii) Simply discarding entire frames may result in the loss of crucial clues. (iii) To maintain parallel computing, applying the same pruning rate to every frame leads to significant redundancy in frames with low information content. To this end, we propose a lightweight and novel Spatial-Temporal Token Pruning and Merging (STPM) framework, specifically designed for complex action videos where human actors occupy a small spatial resolution within video frames. Our framework considers two critical factors: semantic importance and spatial-temporal redundancy, to further reduce overhead. For semantic importance, STPM captures class-specific attention scores by learning multiple class tokens within the transformer to guide token pruning. For spatial-temporal redundancy, STPM employs an anchor graph and temporal attention to perform spatial and temporal token merging, preserving appearance and temporal cues while eliminating semantic duplication and redundancy. We conduct extensive experiments on JRDB-PAR primarily using recently introduced video transformer backbones, e.g., MViT and ViT. Our framework achieves similar results while requiring 40% less computation. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Economic and social effects

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Feasibility of measuring moisture content of green sand by a low frequency multiprobe detector based on dielectric characteristics

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China Foundry 2023年第3期20卷 197-206页

作者： De-quan Shi Gui-li Gao Ming Sun Ya-xin Huang School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Shanghai Technical Institute of Electronics and InformationShanghai 201411China School of Materials Science&Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150040China

Green sand is a mixture of silica sand,bentonite,water and coal powder,and other *** content is an important index to characterize the properties of green *** on the dielectric characteristics of green sand and transmission line theory,a method for rapidly measuring the moisture content of green sand by means of a low frequency multiprobe detector was proposed.A system was constructed,where six detectors with different arrangements and probes were *** experimental results showed that the voltage difference of transmission line increases with the increasing frequency before 29 MHz while decreases after 35 MHz.A voltage difference platform occurs in the range of 29-35 MHz,which is suitable for measuring the moisture content due to its insensitivity to *** electric field intensity gradually decreases with the increase of the probe depth,and the intensity of central probe is always greater than that of the edge *** the distance of the probe away from the sand sample surface is 80 mm,the electric field intensity of the edge probe is found to be very *** optimal excitation frequency for measuring the moisture content of green sand is 29-33 *** optimal detector is the one with one center probe and three edge probes,and their lengths are 80 mm and 60 mm,*** distance between the center and edge probes is 25 mm,and the diameter of probes is 5 *** the voltage difference of transmission line,bentonite content,coal powder content and compactability as parameters of the input layer,and the moisture content as a parameter of the output layer,a three-layer BP artificial neural network model for predicting the moisture content of green sand was constructed according to the experimental results at 33 *** prediction error of the model is not higher than 3.3% when the moisture content of green sand is within the range of 3wt.%-7wt.%.

关键词： green sand dielectric property moisture content multiprobe detector BP artificial neural network model

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A Novel Deep Learning Approach Toward Efficient and Accurate Recommendation Using Improved Alternating Least Squares in Social Media

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series B 2024年第3期105卷 657-675页

作者： Dhawan, Sanjeev Singh, Kulvinder Batra, Amit Choi, Anthony Choi, Ethan Department of Computer Science and Engineering University Institute of Engineering and Technology Kurukshetra University Haryana India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mercer University MaconGA United States

The increasing number of electronic transactions on the Internet has given rise to the design of recommendation systems. The main objective of these systems is to give recommendations to the users about the items (i.e., movies, music, books, etc.) they are likely to purchase in near future. These recommendations are on the foundation of the response provided by the other individuals about these products in the terms of ratings, which are in the form of a five-star rating system. Plenty of algorithms have been proposed in the past for building recommender systems. The most popular of these algorithms comprise content-centered and collaborative filtering recommendation methodologies. Recently, matrix factorization has appeared as a technique in recommender systems. Several algorithms centered on matrix factorization have been suggested in the recent past. In this paper, an improved alternating least squares algorithm has been proposed for building more efficient and accurate recommender systems which improves the performance of matrix factorization. The performance of the model has been evaluated using metrics like root-mean-square-error and execution time. However, in general, the time complexity of both algorithms is O(n^3), where n is the number of users or items. This is because both IALS and ALS involve iteratively solving a system of linear equations, and the time complexity of solving a system of linear equations is O(n^3). However, IALS can achieve significant performance improvements over ALS, particularly for large datasets, due to its incorporation of stochastic gradient descent and parallelization techniques. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2024.

关键词： Recommender systems

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Side chain modulated ferrocene derivative as the interstitial conductive medium for high-performance and stable perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第11期98卷 645-655页

作者： Boyuan Hu Jian Zhang Yulin Yang Yayu Dong Jiaqi Wang Wei Wang Xingrui Zhang Kaifeng Lin Debin Xia MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001HeilongjiangChina School of Materials Science and Engineering East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013JiangxiChina

The interfacial nonradiative recombination loss caused by the deep traps and mismatched band alignment restrained the commercial viability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs). Herein, we have constructed ferrocene carboxylic acid(FcA) and octafluoropentyl-ferrocenyl-carboxylate(OFFcA) interstitial conductive mediums to modulate the integral heterointerface properties and the photovoltaic performances of *** comparing the passivation strengths of the two molecules, we found that the synergistic effects among Fc/Fc^(+)redox shuttle, C=O group, and F substituents realize the optimal elimination of interfacial trap sources. Electron-withdrawing F groups reinforce the capacity of the Fc/Fc^(+)redox shuttle for the healing of metallic Pb defects and provide extensive anchoring sites to stabilize the organic ***, the homogeneity of the OFFcA layer as well as the humidity stability of perovskite film are facilitated through the introduction of F substituents, which reduce the contact resistance and improve the interfacial charge transfer. The champion OFFcA-modified device delivers an exceptional PCE of 23.62%, exceeding those of the control(PCE=22.32%) and FcA-modified(PCE=23.06%) ***, the unencapsulated OFFcA-modified device retains 82.7% of the primary efficiency at 60%RH for more than 50 d and only loses less than 10% of the primary efficiency when stored in a glove box for more than 2000 h.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Heterointerface energetic Defect elimination Synergistic effect Stability

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Inhibiting plastic tensile instability of non-symmetric thin-walled shell component via increasing regional metal inflow based on heterogeneous pressure-carrying medium

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第1期37卷 391-413页

作者： Nan XIANG Yiquan SHU Pengyi WANG Menghan YANG Haoran WANG Tao HUANG Junqing GUO Fuxiao CHEN School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China National Key Laboratory for Precision Heat Processing of Metals School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China College of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering Shaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXi’an 710021China Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-ferrous Metal new Materials and Advanced Processing Technology Luoyang 471023China

Heterogeneous pressure-carrying medium was employed to establish a differentiated pressure field on sheet metal in flexible die forming process in this work,which aimed at matching the non-symmetric shape of target component and improving metal inflow to avoid local tensile ***,metal inflow corresponding to the differentiated pressure field was analytically *** of a typical non-symmetric shell component was experimentally and numerically studied based on the proposed *** with forming processes based on the uniform pressure,difference of metal inflow in two sides of the non-symmetric component increased from 2.16 mm to 3.36 mm and metal inflow in critical region increased by 11.9%when differentiated pressure field(taking heterogeneous elastomer#4–3 for example)was *** resultant maximum thinning ratio decreased by 4.2% and the uniformity of shell thickness increased by 16.9%.With the decrease of Shore hardness of elastomer in the formed region,stress path in the ready-to-form region transferred towards the bi-axial tension stress state,i.e.,stress ratio(a)***,stress triaxiality(η)in characteristic regions were regulated appropriately,which decreased the risk of tensile *** was attributed to the decreased normal pressure and frictional resistance at sheet/elastomer interface in the formed region.

关键词： Aluminum alloys Finite element method Metal forming Plastic deformation Sheet metal

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Renaissance of Fuzzy and Fast Matching Entity with DSHS Algorithm

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SN computer science 2024年第6期5卷 734页

作者： Kari, Venkatram Amalanathan, Geetha Mary School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology University

Entity matching is a crucial aspect of data management systems, requiring the identification of real-world entities from diverse expressions. Despite the human ability to recognize equivalences among entities, machines struggle due to variations in expression. This challenge underscores the necessity for a robust framework capable of matching entities based on their attributes. While previous studies have explored transformation techniques, NLP, and deep learning, they often fall short in accuracy and scalability or overlook internal constraints. Such shortcomings result in costly rework and compromised business decisions. To address these issues, proposed “Deep Semantic Homophonic Synonymy” (DSHS) algorithm, a hybrid approach integrating rule-based, NLP, and deep learning techniques. By employing semantic matching, rule-based preprocessing, NLP enrichment, phonetic analysis, abbreviation variations, and spelling corrections, the DSHS algorithm effectively overcomes entity matching challenges. This solution, comprising six modules including Preprocessing, Transformation, Translation, Word Embedding, Attribute Similarity, and Classification, outperforms existing EM models in terms of accuracy and scalability. This solution is a comprehensive entity matching, offering significant advancements in the field and providing a reliable framework for resolving complex matching requirements. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Data pipeline Data sync up MDDR Message queue Schema registry

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Toward high performance microwave absorber by implanting La_(0.8)CoO_(3)nanoparticles on rGO

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2024年第7期174卷 176-187页

作者： Li Chang Yu-Ze Wang Xin-Ci Zhang Lin Li Hua-Zhang Zhai Mao-Sheng Cao Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials Ministry of EducationSchool of Physics&Electronic EngineeringHarbin Normal UniversityHarbin 150025China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

The advent of“intelligent era”brings our life more convenience,but the electromagnetic radiation sur-rounding us not only greatly threatens human health,also makes information leakage and hidden trouble to national defense ***,it is very urgent to develop novel electromagnetic wave absorption materials with lightweight,strong absorption,tunable absorption frequency and broad band ***,a novel electromagnetic wave absorber is obtained by constructing La_(0.8)CoO_(3)-rGO nanocompos-ite,where La_(0.8)CoO_(3)nanoparticles are anchored on graphene nanosheets by the electrostatic interaction between GO and La_(0.8)CoO_(3).The effect of hybridization ratio of La_(0.8)CoO_(3)and rGO on microwave ab-sorption properties is carefully *** optimal reflection loss of La_(0.8)CoO_(3)-rGO nanocomposite can reach-62.34 dB with the maximum effective bandwidth of 6.08 GHz,presenting 48.78%and 245.45%increment compared to bare La_(0.8)CoO_(3)nanoparticles,*** effective absorption bandwidth covers a broad electromagnetic wave absorption band from Ku band to the C band by tailoring thickness of the absorbers from 2.4 mm to 4.4 *** fascinating electromagnetic wave absorption performance is attributed to the synergy effect of La_(0.8)CoO_(3)and rGO,which integrates magnetic and dielectric loss caused by resonance,conductance,relaxation,and scattering *** result confirms that La_(0.8)CoO_(3)-rGO nanocomposite is potential candidates toward high-efficiency microwave absorbers and provides a valuable pathway for designing high-performance microwave attenuation materials in the future.

关键词： Perovskite La_(0.8)CoO_(3)nanoparticles Graphene Nanocomposite Microwave absorbing Broad band absorption

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CUBE: Causal Intervention-based Counterfactual Explanation for Prediction Models (Extended Abstract) 40

CUBE: Causal Intervention-based Counterfactual Explanation f...

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40th IEEE International Conference on Data engineering, ICDE 2024

作者： Shao, Xinyue Wang, Hongzhi Chen, Xiang Zhu, Xiao Zhang, Yan School of Computer Science Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317152

With the explosion of artificial intelligence in various fields, providing causal explanations for predictive models becomes urgent. In this study, we investigate causal counterfactual explanation generation and propose CUBE, a causal intervention-based counterfactual explanation method. This work models the counterfactual generation process as a causal intervention model for the first time and employs a causal director to integrate causal relationships. Furthermore, this work proposes a model-based framework to improve counterfactual generation efficiency. The experimental results validate that CUBE outperforms baselines in terms of both lower time costs and higher explanation quality. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Geometry

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Understanding Brand's Association: Fine-Grained Multi-Modal Content Discovery for Brands 11

Understanding Brand's Association: Fine-Grained Multi-Modal ...

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11th IEEE International Conference on Behavioural and Social Computing, BESC 2024

作者： Qi, Shuhan Huang, Chengkai Li, Yifan School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen China School of Computer Science and Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531904

With the increasing popularity of short video plat-forms, the massive UGC provides high-quality materials for brand advertising. Recently, personalized content discovery methods have been proposed to recommend appropriate posts for brands to attract potential consumers. However, there are some drawbacks of them. Firstly, these methods only use images but ignore the multimodal information, which is not suitable for video-based brand advertising. Secondly, the generated features of brands are too coarse to distinguish the subtle differences from similar brands. In this paper, we propose a fine-grained multimodal content discovery (FGMCD) framework, which uses a large number of multimodal data to recommend informative videos for brands. Further, we designed a new hierarchical model, which adopts fine-grained features of different levels to make distinctions of similar brands exactly. We also collect a high-quality dataset with 50 car brands from Instagram and the experiments show the effectiveness of our method. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Content Discovery Multi-modal Recommendation Social Media Marketing

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Three dimensional discrete element modelling of the conventional compression behavior of gas hydrate bearing coal

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International Journal of Coal science & technology 2024年第1期11卷 61-77页

作者： Xia Gao Nannan Wang Baoyong Zhang Qiqi Lin Qiang Wu Wei Meng Xia Liu Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering Heilongjiang University of Science and TechnologyHarbin150022China School of Qilu Transportation Shandong UniversityJinan250061China Department of Safety Engineering Heilongjiang University of Science and TechnologyHarbin150022China Jining Hongxiang Highway Survey Design and Research Institute Co.Ltd Jining272000China

To analyze the relationship between macro and meso parameters of the gas hydrate bearing coal(GHBC)and to calibrate the meso-parameters,the numerical tests were conducted to simulate the laboratory triaxial compression tests by PFC3D,with the parallel bond model employed as the particle contact constitutive ***,twenty simulation tests were conducted to quantify the relationship between the macro–meso ***,nine orthogonal simulation tests were performed using four meso-mechanical parameters in a three-level to evaluate the sensitivity of the meso-mechanical ***,the calibration method of the meso-parameters were then ***,the contact force chain,the contact force and the contact number were examined to investigate the saturation effect on the meso-mechanical behavior of *** results show that:(1)The elastic modulus linearly increases with the bonding stiffness ratio and the friction coefficient while exponentially increasing with the normal bonding strength and the bonding radius *** failure strength increases exponentially with the increase of the friction coefficient,the normal bonding strength and the bonding radius coefficient,and remains constant with the increase of bond stiffness ratio;(2)The friction coefficient and the bond radius coefficient are most sensitive to the elastic modulus and the failure strength;(3)The number of the force chains,the contact force,and the bond strength between particles will increase with the increase of the hydrate saturation,which leads to the larger failure strength.

关键词： Gas hydrate bearing coal Discrete element method Triaxial compression test Macro-meso mechanical propertie

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