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Offsets Reconstruction Method for Clock Skew Measurement Over High-Jitter Communication

SN computer science 2025年第5期6卷 1-14页

作者： Sastra, Nyoman Putra Saputra, Komang Oka Teng, Wei-Chung Study Program of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Jalan Raya Kampus Bukit Jimbaran Bali Badung 80361 Indonesia Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology No. 43 Section 4 Keelung Rd Taipei 106 China

Measuring clock skew of devices over a network fully relies on the offsets, the differences between sending and receiving times. Offsets that shape a thick line are the most ideal one as their slope is directly the clock skew sought. When some outliers separate from the thick line due to higher delay jitter, current advanced approaches use the lower bound or the majority of offsets to derive accurate clock skew. However, outliers in offsets that shape parallel dotted lines, reduce the availability of offsets in the lower region, and scatter widely the offsets from their majority zone. These conditions drive the current skew estimation approaches to lose their accuracy. This paper then developed a new method, which reconstructs back the outliers into their origin positions, in order to provide ideal offsets for clock skew measurement. The experimental evaluations have demonstrated that the clock skew accuracy of dotted-lines offsets tampered by outliers was improved from 2.1 to 0.9 ppm by the proposed reconstruction method. For a broader purpose, the reconstruction method has been adjusted to be implemented also on non-dotted-lines offsets. The robustness of the proposed method for this case has also been exhibited by the very ideal reconstructed offsets that shape like a thick line. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Clock skew Delay jitter Dotted lines Hough transform

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The Deep Learning Approach For American Sign Language Detection

The Deep Learning Approach For American Sign Language Detect...

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2022 IEEE Creative Communication and Innovative technology, ICCIT 2022

作者： Pangestu, Gusti Heryadi, Yaya Lukas Suparta, Wayan Arifin, Yulyani Bina Nusantara University School of Computer Science Computer Science Department Binus Graduate Program Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Faculty of Engineering Jakarta12930 Indonesia Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta Faculty of Industrial Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Yogyakarta55281 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665468763

Sign language has importance rule to deal with communication process especially with impairments hearing people. Sign language detection also attract lot of researchers to join the challenge of research to detect and recognize the sign language in the field of computer science. Hence, there is still no any standard approach and method to recognize the meaning in every pose of sign language. This research proposed a mechanism to detect Alphabet American Sign Language by utilizing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) process. The CNN approach was chosen based on the ability and capability to recognize image. In this research, MNIST dataset is used for traning and testing process. The proposed CNN architecture produced 97% of accuracy that outperform the previous research using the same dataset which made this architecture promising. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Advanced technologies in InGaN micro-LED fabrication to mitigate the sidewall effect

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光：科学与应用（英文版） 2025年第2期14卷 307-332页

作者： Zhiyuan Liu Haicheng Cao Xiao Tang Tingang Liu Yi Lu Zixian Jiang Na Xiao Xiaohang Li Advanced Semiconductor Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering ProgramCEMSE DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The size of InGaN micro-LEDs is continuously decreasing to meet the demands of various emerging applications,especially in tiny micro-displays such as AR/***,the conventional pixel definition based on plasma etching significantly damages the mesa sidewalls,leading to a severe reduction in efficiency as the micro-LED size *** seriously impedes the development and application of *** this work,we comprehensively explain the origin of micro-LED sidewall effects and corresponding physical ***,we systematically review recent progress in micro-LED fabrication aiming at suppressing sidewall ***,we discuss advancements in micro-LED fabrication with"damage-free"techniques,which hold the potential to fundamentally address the issue of plasma damage in the micro-LED *** believe this review will deepen the understanding of micro-LED sidewall effects and provide a better insight into the latest associated fabrication technologies for high-efficient InGaN micro-LEDs.

关键词： technologies micro-led advanced ingan effect fabrication mitigate sidewall

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Deceptive Topographic Path Planning 23

Deceptive Topographic Path Planning

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Proceedings of the 22nd Brazilian Symposium on Games and Digital Entertainment

作者： Crhistopher Lenhard Henrique L. Krever Ricardo K. Schlsener Rafael H. Bordini Luis A. L. Silva Graduate Program in Computer Science UFSM Brazil Undergraduate Course in Computer Science UFSM Brazil School of Technology PUCRS Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798400716270

Deception is essential to model real-world agent behaviors in entertainment and serious games. This paper approaches the challenge of planning deceptive routes on topographic terrains where topographic path costs and other deceptive path factors are analyzed. The work explores alternative deceptive strategies tuned to explore the terrain costs to determine how deceptive the path search nodes are and to return paths with low topographic costs. In addition to the A* algorithm, the Theta* algorithm is explored in the search for smoother deceptive routes, which better represent routes used by terrestrial agents in real-world adversarial situations. It also analyzes deceptive topographic paths computed according to the Last Deceptive Point (LDP) and Last Topographic Deceptive Point (LDPT) notions, where examples of returned paths are presented with the help of terrain relief scenarios. Experimental results with the proposed methods are statistically analyzed according to various path search metrics, showing that all deceptive strategies with A* compute topographic paths with higher numbers of deceptive nodes on reduced execution times. Moreover, the strategies with Theta* and LDPT return paths that show a useful combination of topographic path quality and number of deceptive nodes.

关键词： Deception Deceptive path planning strategies. Path planning Topographic path planning

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Thermal energy dependent transient permittivity of epsilon-near-zero material

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第8期65卷 96-101页

作者： Heng Wang Lixun Sun Kang Du Wending Zhang SooJin Chua Guixin Li Ting Mei MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information TechnologySchool of Physical Science and TechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710129China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore117583Singapore LEES Program Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research&Technology(SMART)Singapore138602Singapore

Transparent conductive oxides exhibit attractive optical nonlinearity with ultrafast response and giant refractive index change near the epsilon-near-zero(ENZ) wavelength, originating from the intraband dynamics of conduction electrons. The optical nonlinearity of ENZ materials has been explained by using the overall-effective-mass and the overall-scattering-time of electrons in the extended Drude model. However, their response to optical excitation is yet the last building block to complete the theory. In this paper, the concept of thermal energy is theoretically proposed to account for the total energy of conduction electrons exceeding their thermal equilibrium value. The time-varying thermal energy is adopted to describe the transient optical response of indium-tin-oxide(ITO), a typical ENZ material. A spectrally-resolved femtosecond pump-probe experiment was conducted to verify our theory. By correlating the thermal energy with the pumping density, both the giant change and the transient response of the permittivity of ITO can be predicted. The results in this work provide a new methodology to describe the transient permittivities of ENZ materials, which will benefit the design of ENZ-based nonlinear photonic devices.

关键词： epsilon-near-zero optical nonlinearity transient response thermal energy hot electron indium tin oxide

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Dermatological Diagnostics: A Unified Deep Learning Framework for Skin Lesion and Cancer Classification 1

Dermatological Diagnostics: A Unified Deep Learning Framewor...

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1st IEEE International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication and Networking, ICAC2N 2024

作者： Kumar, Vinod Jain, Isha Dongla, Durga Sritha Rai, Shivangi Rastogi, Vani Kaushik, Eva Kaushik, Rohit George Washington University School of Engineering and Applied Science WashingtonDC United States Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology and Management Computer Science and Engineering Department New Delhi India Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management Computer Science and Engineering Department Andhra Pradesh Visakhapatnam India Data Scientist DXC Technology Noida India Data Analytics Program University of Illinois CS and Mathematics Department Springfield United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356816

Skin pathologies encompass a spectrum of conditions, with malignancies such as melanoma representing a critical diagnostic urgency. This investigation delineates the deployment of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for the classification of dermatological anomalies, benchmarking CNN diagnostic fidelity against dermatological expert evaluations. The study underscores the efficacy of CNN classifiers in expediting the diagnostic workflow for various cutaneous disorders. Advocating for an automated diagnostic framework, the research introduces a CNN-based system aimed at reducing human diagnostic load, accelerating diagnostic timelines, and enhancing survival outcomes. Utilizing advanced image processing algorithms and deep learning architectures, the research presents an automated classification system for skin pathologies, addressing both benign and malignant presentations. The classification matrix includes nine dermatological conditions: actinic keratosis, basal cell carcinoma, benign keratosis, dermatofibroma, melanoma, nevus, seborrheic keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma, and vascular lesions. The objective is to engineer a CNN model with robust diagnostic performance across a diverse lesion dataset, ensuring accurate identification and categorization of dermatological conditions. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Real-Time Credit Card Fraud Detection Surveillance System 2

Real-Time Credit Card Fraud Detection Surveillance System

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2nd International Conference on Cybernetics and Innovations, ICCI 2023

作者： Thongthawonsuwan, Pattarawan Ganokratanaa, Thittaporn Pramkeaw, Patiyuth Chumuang, Narumol Ketcham, Mahasak King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Department of Information Technology Management Bangkok Thailand King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Applied Computer Science Program Bangkok Thailand King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Media Technology Program Bangkok Thailand Department of Digital Media Technology Thailand Media Technology Program King Mongkut s University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350336573

In this research, the system that detects administrative behavior, credit card and developing corruption from credit cards through LINE applications. The objective of this research 1) To develop a risk notification system or suspect to be corruption of credit cards through the connection channels of LINE application 2) to measure the accuracy of the system developed. As for the notification to prevent the risk of credit card corruption The research methods are divided into 5 steps, namely Step 1, Step System analysis. Is a study and analysis to determine the needs of steps 2 steps, system design Is the process of designing tools used in research. Step 3 System development Is the process of developing the tools used in research. Step 4, the process of testing and correcting the system. Is the process of testing the tools used in research. Step 5 Summary Discuss results and suggestions. The research results are summarized as follows The results of the measurement and completeness of the data are very good as 86.67 percent. The results of the measurement of the correct conditions are as good as 80 percent and the performance measurement of time is in The criteria is as good as 86.67 percent. In conclusion, the corruption system from credit cards through the application alert. LINE can be used appropriately. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Systems analysis

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Dynamic Terrain Data Exchange in a Collaborative Terrain Editor

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2022年第4期46卷 575-582页

作者： Tarigan, Jos Timanta Sitompul, Opim Salim Zarlis, Muhammad Nababan, Erna Budhiarti Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan Indonesia Information Systems Management Department BINUS Graduate Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

In a computer supported cooperative work (CSCW), data consistency between collaborating users is a crucial issue. Based on the type of the application, ensuring data consistency can be a lengthy process that takes time and affects the system’s performance. In most 3D application, terrain data are massive due to its size. Exchanging this data may be expensive and may cause significant delay. In a real-time collaborative terrain editor, this issue becomes more significant due to terrain data exchange is consistently occurred between collaborating users. We present a solution to perform a conflict-free dynamic terrain data exchange in a real-time collaborative terrain editor. Our objective is to develop a method that able to ensure data consistency amongst collaborating peers in real-time manner. The main idea of our method is to split the terrain into smaller patches and synchronize the changes efficiently by only exchanging the modified patches. We applied our solution to a collaborative terrain editor application to test its performance in a real-time collaborative editing session. The tests were done in multiple scenarios, using different patch model, brush size (in the terrain editor), and connection setup between server and collaborating clients. The result shows that our protocol is capable to maintain data consistency between collaborating clients in a real-time terrain edition session. The delay is varied and highly depends on the data size and client-server environment setup. The overall test shows that it is possible to perform a collaborative terrain editing with an acceptable response time delay. In this paper, we present our proposed method, the implementation, and the result data from the test. © 2022 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electronic data interchange

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Towards Explainability of Dimension Reduction Plots of Unsupervised Learning Model Outcomes 21

Towards Explainability of Dimension Reduction Plots of Unsup...

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21st IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, CIBCB 2024

作者： Davila, Tony E. Astuhuaman D.B., Hier T., Obafemi-Ajayi Missouri State University Computer Science Dept. SpringfieldMO United States Missouri University of Science & Technology Kummer Institute RollaMO United States Missouri State University Engineering Program SpringfieldMO United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356632

Dimension reduction methods are used to visualize the output of unsupervised learning models when applied to complex data. These techniques improve interpretability by transforming a high-dimension space to a lower-dimension space (usually 2D or 3D). The results are typically viewed as 2D scatter plots, and class centroids may be added to increase interpretability. Although useful, the relationship of these class centroids to the underlying feature space remains opaque. The innovative aspect of this work is to create a strong link between the dimension-reduced space and the underlying high-dimension feature space by adding selected feature centroids to the 2D scatter plots. This approach simultaneously visualizes the centers for the classes and the features on the same 2D scatter plot. Since classes are often imbalanced, we provide a method to balance class sizes. We present an automated framework that performs a grid search to find the optimal dimension reduction parameters, balances the class sizes, uses an ensemble approach to find the most important features, and adds class centroids and selected feature centroids to 2D dimension-reduced plots. This is especially useful when applied to complex, feature-rich biomedical data, as addition of feature centroids to 2D scatter plots serve as landmarks for the previously featureless dimension-reduced space. The utility of this approach is demonstrated by its application to seven classes of neurogenetic diseases with 31 defining phenotypic features. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Unsupervised learning

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Studying Cardiac Electrophysiology via EPSSIM 20

Studying Cardiac Electrophysiology via EPSSIM

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20th International Joint Conference on computer science and Software Engineering, JCSSE 2023

作者： Katekarn, Sujitra Sisuk, Noppadon Nuamchit, Teonchit Jittiporn, Kanjana Payakpate, Janjira Naresuan University Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Department of Cardio-thoracic Technology Phitsanulok Thailand Phibunsongkhram Rajabhat University Program in Computer Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Phitsanulok Thailand Naresuan University Faculty of Sciences Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Phitsanulok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350300505

For Cardio-thoracic technology education program, the focus is on teaching pathophysiology, as well as the interpretation of electrocardiograms (ECG), through case studies. The curriculum includes instruction on treatment options and the use of electrophysiology studies (EP studies) for tachycardia and cardiac ablation. A portion of e-learning resources for ECGs and EP studies are delivered via web-based platforms. However, to date, there have been no e-learning platforms that combine instruction on pathological ECGs, EP study, cardiac ablation, or simulations of EP which would provide a more comprehensive learning experience for students. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to create the electrophysiology study simulator program (EPSSIM), which serves as an e-learning platform for EP studies and ECG. The development started with gathering information about ECG from the medical records of patients at a public hospital. MATLAB was used to generate synthetic heart signals. Microsoft Visual Studio 2019 was used to construct the EPSSIM program. A total of 47 cardio-thoracic technology students who used the program completed a pre-test and post-test and questionnaires. The effectiveness and satisfaction of the EPSSIM program were evaluated. The results showed that participants' scores improved, but the improvement was restricted due to the short time that the students were able to use the system. The participants who completed the satisfaction survey generally indicated satisfaction with the effectiveness of EPSSIM. Overall, the use of the application was beneficial and the application could be successfully used in future to enhance users knowledge. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Electrocardiograms

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