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Measurement of peripheral nerve magnetostimulation thresholds of a head solenoid coil between 200 Hz and 88.1 kHz

IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine 2025年 13卷 275-285页

作者： Barksdale, Alex C. Ferris, Natalie G. Mattingly, Eli Sliwiak, Monika Guerin, Bastien Wald, Lawrence L. Davids, Mathias Klein, Valerie MIT Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science CambridgeMA United States Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging CharlestownMA United States Harvard University Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics CambridgeMA United States Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology BostonMA United States Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States

Objective: Magnetic fields switching at kilohertz frequencies induce electric fields in the body, which can cause peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS). Although magnetostimulation has been extensively studied below 10 kHz, the behavior of PNS at higher frequencies remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate PNS thresholds at frequencies up to 88.1 kHz and to explore deviations from the widely accepted hyperbolic strength-duration curve (SDC). Methods and procedures: PNS thresholds were measured in the head of 8 human volunteers using a solenoidal coil at 16 distinct frequencies, ranging from 200 Hz to 88.1 kHz. A hyperbolic SDC was used as a reference to compare the frequency-dependent behavior of PNS thresholds. Results: Contrary to the predictions of the hyperbolic SDC, PNS thresholds did not decrease monotonically with frequency. Instead, thresholds reached a minimum near 25 kHz, after which they increased by an average of 39% from 25 kHz to 88.1 kHz across subjects. This pattern indicates a significant deviation from previously observed behavior at lower frequencies. Conclusion: Our results suggest that PNS thresholds exhibit a non-monotonic frequency dependence at higher frequencies, diverging from the traditional hyperbolic SDC. These findings offer critical data for refining neurodynamic models and provide insights for setting PNS safety limits in applications like MRI gradient coils and magnetic particle imaging (MPI). Further investigation is needed to understand the biological mechanisms driving these deviations beyond 25 kHz. Clinical impact: These findings call for further basic research into biological mechanisms underlying high frequency PNS threshold trends, and supports refinement of safety guidelines for MRI and MPI systems for clinical implementation. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Neuroimaging

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Optimal first-order algorithms as a function of inequalities

The Journal of Machine Learning Research

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The Journal of Machine Learning Research 2024年第1期25卷 2557-2625页

作者： Chanwoo Park Ernest K. Ryu Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Massachusetts Department of Mathematical Sciences Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence Seoul National University Seoul Korea

In this work, we present a novel algorithm design methodology that finds the optimal algorithm as a function of inequalities. Specifically, we restrict convergence analyses of algorithms to use a prespecified subset of inequalities, rather than utilizing all true inequalities, and find the optimal algorithm subject to this restriction. This methodology allows us to design algorithms with certain desired characteristics. As concrete demonstrations of this methodology, we find new state-of-the-art accelerated first-order gradient methods using randomized coordinate updates and backtracking line searches.

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Grating Coupled Attachment of Optical Fiber Arrays for in situ Photonics Experimentation

Grating Coupled Attachment of Optical Fiber Arrays for in si...

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2024 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

作者： Arnold, Kellen P. Slaby, Joel B. Dattilo, Hannah M. Kaylor, C. Alex Schrimpf, Ronald D. Fleetwood, Daniel M. Ralph, Stephen E. Reed, Robert Weiss, Sharon M. Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Vanderbilt University 2201 West End Ave NashvilleTN37235 United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University 2201 West End Ave NashvilleTN37235 United States

We report a simple, vacuum-compatible fiber attach process for in situ study of grating-coupled photonic devices. The robustness of this technique is demonstrated on grating-coupled waveguides exposed to multiple X-ra... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

关键词： X ray lasers

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A Comparison Diagnosis Algorithm for Conditional Fault Local Diagnosis of Multiprocessor Systems 25th

A Comparison Diagnosis Algorithm for Conditional Fault Loca...

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25th International computer Symposium on New Trends in computer Technologies and Applications, ICS 2022

作者： Lv, Yali Lin, Cheng-Kuan Hsu, D. Frank Fan, Jianxi School of Information Technology Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou China Department of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Undergraduate Degree Program of Systems Engineering and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Computer Science and Information Engineering Chung Cheng Institute of Technology NDU Taoyuan City Taiwan Department of Computer and Information Science Fordham University New York United States School of Computer Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811995811

An efficient diagnosis is very important for a multiprocessor system. In this paper, we present a (α, β) -trees combination S(u, X, α, β) and give some conclusions about the local diagnosis. Based on the (α, β) -trees combination, we give a conditional fault local diagnosis algorithm to identify the fault or fault-free status of each processor correctly under the MM ∗ model when the number of faulty nodes does not exceed α+ 2 β- 3 and every node has at least one fault-free neighboring node. According to our results, a connected network with a (α, β) -trees combination S(u, X, α, β) for a node u is conditionally locally (α+ 2 β- 3 ) -diagnosable at node u and the time complexity of our algorithm to diagnose u is O(α2β+ αβ2). As an application, we show that our algorithm can identify all the faulty nodes of n-dimensional star graph Sn if the faulty node number does not exceed 3 n- 8. Compared with existing algorithms, our algorithm allows more faulty node in a multiprocessor system. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Computational complexity

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Grating Coupled Attachment of Optical Fiber Arrays for in situ Photonics Experimentation

Grating Coupled Attachment of Optical Fiber Arrays for in si...

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CLEO: Applications and technology in CLEO 2024, CLEO: A and T 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

关键词： Photonic devices

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Mobile Apps for Healthy Life Education for Young People 2

Mobile Apps for Healthy Life Education for Young People

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2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy, ICAIS 2022

作者： Suwandi, Benedictus Evan Warnars, Diana Teresia Spits Warnars, Harco Leslie Hendric Spits Utomo, Wiranto Herry Ramadhan, Arief Bina Nusantara University School of Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University School of Information Systems Information System Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program - Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Faculty of Computing President University Department of Magister Science of Information Technology Bekasi17550 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665400527

Health education is crucial for the community, especially the younger generation, because adolescent behavior/lifestyle will carry over into adulthood, and it is difficult to change it. This paper proposes designing and implementing a mobile application for young people for healthy lifestyle education. This mobile application implemented with the android studio is designed using use case diagrams to describe the business processes of this mobile application. In addition, activity diagrams describe the process details of each activity use case, and class diagrams describe the design of the database model, which is implemented using a MySQL database. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile computing

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Machine Learning Stroke Prediction in Smart Healthcare:Integrating Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor and Artificial Neural Networks with Feature Selection Techniques

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第3期82卷 5115-5134页

作者： Abdul Ahad Ira Puspitasari Jiangbin Zheng Shamsher Ullah Farhan Ullah Sheikh Tahir Bakhsh Ivan Miguel Pires Department Information System Study Program Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversitas AirlanggaSurabaya60286Indonesia School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China Research Center for Quantum Engineering Design Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversitas AirlanggaSurabaya60286Indonesia School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518061China Cybersecurity Center Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University617Al JawharahKhobarDhahran34754Saudi Arabia Cardiff School of Technologies Cardiff Metropolitan UniversityWestern AvenueCardiffCF52YBUK Instituto de Telecomunicacoes Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestao de AguedaUniversidade de Aveiroágueda3750-127Portugal

This research explores the use of Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor(F-KNN)and Artificial Neural Networks(ANN)for predicting heart stroke incidents,focusing on the impact of feature selection methods,specifically Chi-Square and Best First Search(BFS).The study demonstrates that BFS significantly enhances the performance of both *** BFS preprocessing,the ANN model achieved an impressive accuracy of 97.5%,precision and recall of 97.5%,and an Receiver Operating Characteristics(ROC)area of 97.9%,outperforming the Chi-Square-based ANN,which recorded an accuracy of 91.4%.Similarly,the F-KNN model with BFS achieved an accuracy of 96.3%,precision and recall of 96.3%,and a Receiver Operating Characteristics(ROC)area of 96.2%,surpassing the performance of the Chi-Square F-KNN model,which showed an accuracy of 95%.These results highlight that BFS improves the ability to select the most relevant features,contributing to more reliable and accurate stroke *** findings underscore the importance of using advanced feature selection methods like BFS to enhance the performance of machine learning models in healthcare applications,leading to better stroke risk management and improved patient outcomes.

关键词： Fuzzy K-nearest neighbor artificial neural network accuracy precision recall F-measure Chi-Square best search first heart stroke

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Large Language Models as Efficient Reward Function Searchers for Custom-Environment Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xie, Guanwen Xu, Jingzehua Yang, Yiyuan Ding, Yimian Zhang, Shuai MicroMasters Program in Statistics and Data Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Department of Computer Science University of Oxford United Kingdom Department of Data Science New Jersey Institute of Technology United States

Achieving the effective design and improvement of reward functions in reinforcement learning (RL) tasks with complex custom environments and multiple requirements presents considerable challenges. In this paper, we propose ERFSL, an efficient reward function searcher using LLMs, which enables LLMs to be effective white-box searchers and highlights their advanced semantic understanding capabilities. Specifically, we generate reward components for each numerically explicit user requirement and employ a reward critic to identify the correct code form. Then, LLMs assign weights to the reward components to balance their values and iteratively adjust the weights without ambiguity and redundant adjustments by flexibly adopting directional mutation and crossover strategies, similar to genetic algorithms, based on the context provided by the training log analyzer. We applied the framework to an underwater data collection RL task without direct human feedback or reward examples (zero-shot learning). The reward critic successfully corrects the reward code with only one feedback instance for each requirement, effectively preventing unrectifiable errors. The initialization of weights enables the acquisition of different reward functions within the Pareto solution set without the need for weight search. Even in cases where a weight is 500 times off, on average, only 5.2 iterations are needed to meet user requirements. The ERFSL also works well with most prompts utilizing GPT-4o mini, as we decompose the weight searching process to reduce the requirement for numerical and long-context understanding capabilities1 © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Enhancing Information Freshness: An AoI Optimized Markov Decision Process Dedicated in The Underwater Task

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Jingzehua Ding, Yimian Yang, Yiyuan Xie, Guanwen Zhang, Shuai MicroMasters Program in Statistics and Data Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Department of Computer Science University of Oxford United Kingdom Department of Data Science New Jersey Institute of Technology United States

Ocean exploration utilizing autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) via reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a significant research focus. However, underwater tasks have mostly failed due to the observation delay caused by acoustic communication in the Internet of underwater things. In this study, we present an AoI optimized Markov decision process (AoI-MDP) to improve the performance of underwater tasks. Specifically, AoI-MDP models observation delay as signal delay through statistical signal processing, and includes this delay as a new component in the state space. Additionally, we introduce wait time in the action space, and integrate AoI with reward functions to achieve joint optimization of information freshness and decision-making for AUVs leveraging RL for training. Finally, we apply this approach to the multi-AUV data collection task scenario as an example. Simulation results highlight the feasibility of AoI-MDP, which effectively minimizes AoI while showcasing superior performance in the task. To accelerate relevant research in this field, we have made the simulation codes available as open-source © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Markov processes

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Polymethyl Methacrylate-based Light Collector for Enhanced Indoor Visible Light Communication

Polymethyl Methacrylate-based Light Collector for Enhanced I...

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Optics and Photonics Conference (SBFoton IOPC), SBFoton International

作者： David Esteban Farfán-Guillén João Pedro Duarte Jankosz Neri Volpato Alexandre de Almeida Prado Pohl Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering (CPGEI) Federal University Technology-Parana Curitiba Brazil Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering and Material Science Federal University Technology-Parana. Curitiba Brazil

A new polymethyl methacrylate-based light collector has been designed and fabricated with additive manufacturing to optimize the efficiency of VLC systems. It enhances the area of detection, leading to a ~ 1.9x increa... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9798350388176

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388183

关键词： Optical device fabrication Optical variables measurement Three-dimensional printing Optics Optical receivers Optical sensors Reliability Visible light communication Testing Photonics

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