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Global initiatives and local efforts towards management of malaria in Africa

Biotechnology 2010年第2期9卷 196-203页

作者： Osamor, Victor Chukwudi Bioinformatics Unit Department of Computer and Information Sciences College of Science and Technology Covenant University Ota Ogun State Nigeria

In recent years, several significant objectives and initiatives relevant to the global malaria problem have affirmed the challenge of malaria. The specific objectives, initiatives and resolutions form the basis for the development of and the setting of priorities under the Malaria Plan in most countries. Since malaria management entails the care and good handling of both asymptomatic and symptomatic malaria infection, the development and use of drugs and vaccines becomes very important. This study identified and assessed the roles of global initiatives and local efforts in evolving malaria treatment discovery especially through drug and vaccine development and delivery in Africa. In this study, we concluded that the global initiatives are great stimulant that catalyze local efforts in most African countries and hence determines the extent of success or failure each local malaria management efforts. This may be partly because the strategic planning and funding are provided to these low-income countries with high malaria burden. The author, while identifying some level of weakened coordinated R and D in Africa sought for an intensified involvement of global initiatives in sterile insect technique in integrated malaria vector control. © 2010 Asian Network for Scientific Information.

关键词： Vaccines

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Generating lexical information for terminology in a bioinformatics ontology

Generating lexical information for terminology in a bioinfor...

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Terminology and Knowledge Engineering Conference 2010, TKE 2010

作者： Afzal, Hammad Buitelaar, Paul Wunner, Tobias Cimiano, Philipp McCrae, John Department of Computer Science College of Telecommunication Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology Pakistan Unit for Natural Language Processing Digital Enterprise Research Institute National University of Ireland Galway Ireland Bielefeld University Bielefeld Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780956631404

Formally specified domain ontologies in languages such as OWL, RDF etc. lack the linguistics expressiveness that is necessary to support natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as ontology-based information extraction and natural language generation from ontologies etc. This problem has been addressed recently by approaches such as LexOnto, LingInfo and LexInfo, which aim to develop lexicon models that allow to enrich ontologies with linguistic information about realization. LexInfo, which is based on the Lexical Markup Framework (LMF), is the most expressive of them and includes all the features included in LingInfo and LexOnto. It provides a framework for construction of 'lexicalized ontologies' on top of existing domain ontologies by associating linguistic and morpho-syntactic information with them using lexical resources such as CELEX1, Comlex2, WordNets3, VerbNets4 etc. This paper presents a case study where a bioinformatics ontology originally created to be used for semantic annotation of bioinformatics services (in the myGrid project) is lexicalized semi-automatically based on the LexInfo model. We have evaluated the performance of the LexInfo ontology lexicalization service by comparing an automatically generated lexicon for the myGrid ontology, using the service, with a semi-automatically created one, that is used as a gold standard. Various issues that were experienced during our experiments are discussed that can be addressed to improve the LexInfo model (in specific) and similar models (in general). We expect that the generated lexicon of the myGrid ontology can help in the improvement of related information extraction problems such as automation of bioinformatics web service annotation by applying NLP techniques on domain literature etc. Moreover, the LexInfo based lexicon can be used to formulate recommendations to improve the design structure of the domain ontology for better utility in NLP tasks.

关键词： Ontology

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A code-matched interleaver design based on the parity-check weight low-bound of component codes for turbo codes

A code-matched interleaver design based on the parity-check ...

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International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP)

作者： Yu, Dongfeng Zhang, Wenqiang Lu, Zhiling Xiao, Yong Zhao, Lingzhi Zou, Xia Unit 61920 of PLA Chengdu 610505 China Institute of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing 400065 China Institute of Command Automation PLA Univ. of Sci. and Tech. Nanjing 210007 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424475551

Considering the Interleaver optimization of short frame turbo codes, a code-matched interleaver design based on the parity weight low-bound of component codes is proposed. The form of Locally-bad in turbo codes is investigated. To improve the bit-error property of short frame turbo codes, an algorithm for estimating the low-bound of recursive systematic convolutional code (RSC) parity weight is proposed. This algorithm for estimating the parity-check weight low-bound of component codes is adopted to select the excellent mapping way. Only the mapping ways that can promise the codewords weight of all the Locally-bad in turbo codes will be selected. Compared with the several existing interleaver design, Simulation results show that the proposed code-matched interleaver design is more excellent. The code-matched interleaver design algorithm proposed in this article can improve the bit-error property of short frame turbo codes obviously. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Turbo codes

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Document-Zone Classification in Torn Documents

Document-Zone Classification in Torn Documents

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International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition

作者： Sukalpa Chanda Katrin Franke Umapada Pal Department of Computer Science and Media Technology Gjovik University College Norway Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute India

Arbitrary orientation and sparse data content are common characteristics of torn document. To ensure accuracy and reliability in computer-based analysis, content-zone segmentation is required. In our previous work, we studied segmentation of handwritten and printed text. A questioned document-piece in the form of an office note, however, might also contain non-text data like logos, graphics, and pictures. Hence a more precise content-zone classification is required. In this paper we propose a two-tier approach for non-text, handwriting and printed text segmentation. The first tier aims to discriminate text and non-text regions. The second tier classifies handwritten and printed text within all text zones identified during the first tier. Gabor features and chain-code features are used in Tier-1 and Tier-2, respectively. By using SVM classifier we successfully identified 97.65% of 31,227 text regions in our current test data. The proposed approach identified 98.69% of printed and 96.39% of handwritten text amongst all identified text regions.

关键词： Accuracy Graphics Gabor filters Support vector machines Pixel Feature extraction Image segmentation

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Supervised gene clustering for extraction of discriminative features from microarray data

Supervised gene clustering for extraction of discriminative ...

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2010 Annual IEEE India Conference: Green Energy, Computing and Communication, INDICON 2010

作者： Das, Chandra Maji, Pradipta Chattopadhyay, Samiran Department of Computer Science and Engineering Netaji Subhash Engineering College Kolkata 700 152 India Machine Intelligence Unit Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata 700 108 India Department of Information Technology Jadavpur University Kolkata 700 092 India

ISBN: (纸本)9781424490745

Among the large number of genes presented in microarray data, only a small fraction of them are effective for performing a certain diagnostic test. However, it is very difficult to identify these genes for disease diagnosis. In this regard, a new supervised gene clustering algorithm is proposed to cluster genes from microarray data. The proposed method directly incorporates the information of response variables in the grouping process for finding such groups of genes. Significant cluster representatives are then taken to form the reduced feature set that can be used to build the classifiers with very high classification accuracy. The effectiveness of the proposed method, along with a comparison with existing methods, is demonstrated on three microarray data sets based on predictive accuracy of the naive Bayes'classifier, the K-nearest neighbor rule, and the support vector machine. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Genes

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High-energy chirally-coupled-core Yb-fiber oscillator with high-dispersion-mirror compressor: Generation of ~1W, 80-fs pulses with diffraction-limited beam quality

High-energy chirally-coupled-core Yb-fiber oscillator with h...

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Frontiers in Optics, FiO 2010

作者： Chang, Guoqing Chen, Hung-Wen Sosnowski, Tom Liu, Chi-Hung Chen, Li-Jin Birge, Jonathan R. Galvanauskas, Almantas Kärtner, Franz X. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 United States Arbor Photonics Inc 251 Jackson Plaza Unit #A1 Ann Arbor MI 48103 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2099 United States

We demonstrate a high-energy femtosecond laser system that incorporates two rapidly advancing technologies: chirally-coupled-core large-mode-area Yb-fiber to ensure fundamental-mode operation and high-dispersion mirrors to enable loss-free pulse compression while preserving the diffraction-limited beam quality. © 2010 Optical Society of America.

关键词： Laser mirrors

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Towards a Dynamic Access Control Model for E-Government Web Services

Towards a Dynamic Access Control Model for E-Government Web ...

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IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Services Computing (APSCC)

作者： Meriam Jemel Nadia Ben Azzouna Khaled Ghedira Research unit SOIE Higher School of Technology and Computer of Tunis Tunis Tunisia Research unit SOIE National School of Computer Science Manouba Tunisia Research unit SOIE Higher Institute of Management of Tunis Tunis Tunisia

The need of interoperable e-government services is addressed through the use of web services where sensitive services need to be granted to only authorized subjects from different organizations. In this paper, we propose a Trust and Dynamic Role Based Access Control model (TDRBAC) which deals with the specific requirements of e-government services. It effectively enhances the access control level since it is based on the trust level notion. The trust level evaluation is based on contextual attributes to assign to user role the appropriate view during the active session. The TDRBAC model is sensitive to the internal or external arisen events and it incorporates them in the access decision which makes it suitable for e-government dynamic environment.

关键词： Access control Permission Electronic government Context Web services Context modeling

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A decision support tool for optimal Levodopa administration in Parkinson's Disease

A decision support tool for optimal Levodopa administration ...

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10th International Conference on Information technology and Applications in Biomedicine: Emerging Technologies for Patient Specific Healthcare, ITAB 2010

作者： Rigas, George Bougia, Panagiota Baga, Dina Tsipouras, Markos Tzallas, Alexandros Tripoliti, Evanthia Tsouli, Sofia Chondrogiorgi, Maria Konitsiotis, Spiros Fotiadis, Dimitrios I. Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering University of Ioannina GR 451 10 Ioannina Greece Department of Neurology Medical School University of Ioannina Ioannina GR 45 110 Greece Dept. of Computer Science University of Ioannina GR 451 10 Ioannina Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781424465606

In this work a decision support tool for optimal administration of Levodopa (L-Dopa) in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) is presented. The so called Medication Change Proposer (MCP) is part of the PERFORM system, which monitors patient's motion status using a set of wearable sensors, assesses PD symptoms and their severity through dedicated symptoms detection modules (On-Off detection and LevodopaInduced Dyskinesia detection), and proposes treatment plans to alleviate the symptoms. The methodology is based on the analysis of the outputs of the symptoms detection modules, taking into account the uncertainty (confidence) propagated by their respective classification algorithms. The evaluation of our methodology is performed using artificial follow-up data produced by a specially built simulation environment. The obtained results demonstrate that the MCP outputs compare well with the experts' decisions, indicating high performance. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases

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Ranking of gene regulators through differential equations and Gaussian processes

Ranking of gene regulators through differential equations an...

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IEEE Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing

作者： Antti Honkela Marta Milo Matthew Holley Magnus Rattray Neil D. Lawrence Department of Information and Computer Science School of Science and Technology Aalto University Finland School of Medicine and Biomedical Science NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Sheffield UK Department of Biomedical Science University of Sheffield UK School of Computer Science University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology UK

Gene regulation is controlled by transcription factor proteins which themselves are encoded as genes. This gives a network of interacting genes which control the functioning of a cell. With the advent of genome wide expression measurements the targets of given transcription factor have been sought through techniques such as clustering. In this paper we consider the harder problem of finding a gene's regulator instead of its targets. We use a model-based differential equation approach combined with a Gaussian process prior distribution for unobserved continuous-time regulator expression profile. Candidate regulators can then be ranked according to model likelihood. This idea, that we refer to as ranked regulator prediction (RRP), is then applied to finding the regulators of Gata3, an important developmental transcription factor, in the development of ear hair cells.

关键词： Regulators Mathematical model Ear Proteins Bioinformatics Biological system modeling Genomics

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Multi objective optimization for piloting a Quality Management System: Study case

Multi objective optimization for piloting a Quality Manageme...

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2010 International Conference on System science and Engineering, ICSSE 2010

作者： Mahmoud, H. Ben Ketata, R. Romdhane, T. Ben Ahmed, S. Ben Dept. of Physics and Instrwnentation Engineering INSAT: National Institute of Applied Science and Technology Tunis Tunisia Dept. of Physics and Instrwnentation Engineering ICOS: Research Unit on Intelligent Control Design and Optimization of Complex System Tunis Tunisia Dept. of Physics and Instrumentation Engineering MOSIC Research Unit on Methods and Tools for Complex Computer Systems Tunis Tunisia

ISBN: (纸本)9781424464746

This paper presents a decision support tool for the effectiveness of a Quality Management System (QMS) in a company. To develop this tool, a new approach PAHP based on the combination of the Pareto Optimality Concept (Poq and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This approach is used to model and optimize the multi-objective function of real company which presents a major problem for controlling the quality level of production. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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