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Mitigating Credit Card Fraud: A Machine Learning Perspective 2

Mitigating Credit Card Fraud: A Machine Learning Perspective

2nd International Conference on Recent Trends in Microelectronics, Automation, computing, and Communications Systems, ICMACC 2024

作者： Bhushan, Shivam Gupta, Indrajeet Angayarkanni, S.A. Balakiruthiga, B. Pandimurugan, V. Rajaram, V. School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Networking and Communications Kattankulathur India Acharya Institute of Technology Computer Science and engineering Bangalore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366570

In this day and age of online and digital transactions, credit cards have come up as a popular option of payment. This has led to the increase in the fraudulent credit card transactions and as a result the banks and the customers have to bear the loss. It is very vital for the credit card companies to identify and stop the fraud transactions. The main aim of this project is to create a model that can distinguish fraudulent credit card transactions from real ones. The proposed model uses the transaction patterns of previous credit card transaction data which contains both genuine and fraud data to train itself using suitable ML algorithms and identify the fraudulent transactions and nip it in the bud. We will be using using SMOTE to process the data considering the imbalance between legitimate and fraudulent transactions, hyperparameter tuning the model for increased effectiveness and using random forest classifier and decision tree classifier to compare results. By using the above mentioned techniques we saw an increase in accuracy and recall. These models offer a scaleable solution to the problem of real time fraud detection in an ever growing and vast financial landscape © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Random forests

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Optimal Routing with Spatial-Temporal Dependencies for Traffic Flow Control in Intelligent Transportation Systems

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Intelligent Automation & Soft computing 2023年第5期36卷 2071-2084页

作者： R.B.Sarooraj S.Prayla Shyry School of Computing Sathyabama Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai600119India

In Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS),controlling the trafﬁcﬂow of a region in a city is the major ***,allocation of the trafﬁc-free route to the taxi drivers during peak hours is one of the challenges to control the trafﬁcﬂ***,in this paper,the route between the taxi driver and pickup location or hotspot with the spatial-temporal dependencies is ***,the hotspots in a region are clustered using the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN)algorithm toﬁnd the hot spots at the peak hours in an urban ***,the optimal route is allocated to the taxi driver to pick up the customer in the *** allocating the optimal route,each route between the taxi driver and the hot spot is mapped to the number of taxi *** the map function,the optimal map is selected using the rain opti-mization algorithm(ROA).If more than one map function is obtained as the opti-mal solution,the map between the route and the taxi driver who has done the least number of trips in the day is chosen as theﬁnal solution This optimal route selec-tion leads to control of the trafﬁcﬂow at peak *** of the approach depicts that the proposed trafﬁcﬂow control scheme reduces traveling time,wait-ing time,fuel consumption,and emission.

关键词： Intelligent transportation system(ITS) DBSCAN rain optimization algorithm(ROA) trafﬁcﬂow control

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LesionAid: vision transformers-based skin lesion generation and classification – A practical review

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-22页

作者： K, Mallikharjuna Rao Krishna, Ghanta Sai Supriya, Kundrapu Sorgile, Meetiksha Data Science and Artificial Intelligence International Institute of Information Technology Naya Raipur India Computer Science and Engineering International Institute of Information Technology Naya Raipur India

Skin cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of human cancer. It is recognized mainly visually, beginning with clinical screening and continuing with the dermoscopic examination, histological assessment, and specimen collection. Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) perform highly segregated and potentially universal tasks against a classified fine-grained object. This study suggests a novel multi-class prediction framework that uses ViT and ViTGAN to categories skin lesions. To address the class disparity, GANs (Generative Adversarial Networks) based on vision transformers are used. The framework comprises four main phases: ViTGANs, Image processing, and explainable AI. Phase 1 consists of generating synthetic images using ViTGAN to balance all the classes in the dataset. To enhance the amount of the data, the second phase involves using various morphological processes and data augmentation techniques. In phases three and four, a ViT model for edge computing systems that can recognize patterns and classify skin lesions from the user's skin that is visible in the picture is developed. In phase 3, after classifying the lesions into the desired class with ViT, we will use explainable AI (XAI) that leads to more explainable results (using activation maps, etc.) while ensuring high predictive accuracy. The results demonstrate that the model used for generating synthetic images has achieved an FID score of 13.32 and the ViT model has achieved 99.2% as its training accuracy and 97.4% as its validation accuracy. The whole framework is compared with the existing frameworks for skin lesion detection. And explainable AI (XAI) is used in the proposed framework in order to increase model transparency and boost trust among users by illustrating the main factors affecting predictions. This interpretability helps physicians in making more informed decisions by providing clear insights into the model's reasoning. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Bu

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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FilterGNN:Image feature matching with cascaded outlier filters and linearattention

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第5期10卷 873-884页

作者： Jun-Xiong Cai Tai-Jiang Mu Yu-Kun Lai Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing Ministry of EducationDepartment of Computer Science and TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff UniversityWales CF244AGUK

The cross-view matching of local image features is a fundamental task in visual localization and 3D *** study proposes FilterGNN,a transformer-based graph neural network(GNN),aiming to improve the matching efficiency and accuracy of visual *** on high matching sparseness and coarse-to-fine covisible area detection,FilterGNN utilizes cascaded optimal graph-matching filter modules to dynamically reject outlier ***,we successfully adapted linear attention in FilterGNN with post-instance normalization support,which significantly reduces the complexity of complete graph learning from O(N2)to O(N).Experiments show that FilterGNN requires only 6%of the time cost and 33.3%of the memory cost compared with SuperGlue under a large-scale input size and achieves a competitive performance in various tasks,such as pose estimation,visual localization,and sparse 3D reconstruction.

关键词： image matching transformer linear attention visual localization sparse reconstruction

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An efficient meta-heuristic resource allocation with load balancing in IoT-Fog-cloud computing environment

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized computing 2023年第3期14卷 2981-2992页

作者： Yakubu, Ismail Zahraddeen Murali, M. Department of Computing Technologies SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur India

Fog computing is considered a derivative of cloud computing that aims to reduce the huge transmission latency and CPU time, as well as the overall cost of resource usage in the cloud. The deployment of Internet-of-Things (IoT) enabled smart systems, which frequently demand real-time processing, is rapidly expanding. Following that, the volume of generated data and computation workload dramatically increased. Fog resources are limited and typically resource constrained. Therefore, it is impossible to execute all tasks at the edge network. To support the increasing amounts of data and computation, cloud computing, associated with significant delays in transmission and processing of workload, is used. The distribution of tasks between the cloud and fog layer and the allocation of layer resources to satisfy the users' demands prevents layer oversaturation, service degradation, and resource failure due to excessive workload is challenging. This paper proposes a layer fit algorithm that evenly distributes tasks between the fog and cloud, based on priority levels. Also, a Modified Harris-Hawks Optimization (MHHO) based meta-heuristic approach is proposed to assign the best available resource to a task within a layer. The key intention of this paper is to reduce the makespan time, task execution cost, and power consumption and enhance resource usage in both the fog and cloud layer. The simulations are performed using the iFogSim simulation toolkit. The proposed layer fit algorithm and the Modified Harris-Hawks Optimization (MHHO) are compared with the traditional Harris-Hawks Optimization (HHO), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and the Firefly Algorithm (FA). Based on the experimental results, the MHHO has improved the performance of the system in terms of makespan time, execution cost, and energy consumption. The ability of the MHHO to balance the load across resources yields a significant improvement when the number of tasks increases as c

关键词： Internet of things

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GMS:A Novel Method for Detecting Reentrancy Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 2207-2220页

作者： Dawei Xu Fan Huang Jiaxin Zhang Yunfang Liang Baokun Zheng Jian Zhao School of Computer Science Changchun UniversityChangchun130012China School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China School of InformationManagement for Law China University of Political Science and LawBeijing102249China

With the rapid proliferation of Internet ofThings(IoT)devices,ensuring their communication security has become increasingly *** and smart contract technologies,with their decentralized nature,provide strong security guarantees for ***,at the same time,smart contracts themselves face numerous security challenges,among which reentrancy vulnerabilities are particularly *** detection tools for reentrancy vulnerabilities often suffer from high false positive and false negative rates due to their reliance on identifying patterns related to specific transfer *** address these limitations,this paper proposes a novel detection method that combines pattern matching with deep ***,we carefully identify and define three common patterns of reentrancy vulnerabilities in smart ***,we extract key vulnerability features based on these ***,we employ a Graph Attention Neural Network to extract graph embedding features from the contract graph,capturing the complex relationships between different components of the ***,we use an attention mechanism to fuse these two sets of feature information,enhancing the weights of effective information and suppressing irrelevant information,thereby significantly improving the accuracy and robustness of vulnerability *** results demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms existing state-ofthe-art techniques,achieving a 3.88%improvement in accuracy compared to the latest vulnerability detection model AME(Attentive Multi-Encoder Network).This indicates that our method effectively reduces false positives and false negatives,significantly enhancing the security and reliability of smart contracts in the evolving IoT ecosystem.

关键词： Smart contract Internet of Things reentrancy vulnerabilities graph neural network

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Exploring Personalized Internet of Things(PIoT),social connectivity,and Artificial Social Intelligence(ASI):A survey

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High-Confidence computing 2024年第3期4卷 136-162页

作者： Bisma Gulzar Shabir Ahmad Sofi Sahil Sholla Department of Information Technology National Institute of TechnologySrinagar 190001India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Islamic University of Science and TechnologyGazipur 1700India

Pervasive computing has become more personal with the widespread adoption of the Internet of Things(IoT)in our day-to-day *** emerging domain that encompasses devices,sensors,storage,and computing of personal use and surroundings leads to Personal IoT(PIoT).PIoT offers users high levels of personalization,automation,and *** proliferation of PIoT technology has extended into society,social engagement,and the interconnectivity of PIoT objects,resulting in the emergence of the Social Internet of Things(SIoT).The combination of PIoT and SIoT has spurred the need for autonomous learning,comprehension,and understanding of both the physical and social *** research on PIoT is dedicated to enabling seamless communication among devices,striking a balance between observation,sensing,and perceiving the extended physical and social environment,and facilitating information ***,the virtualization of independent learning from the social environment has given rise to Artificial Social Intelligence(ASI)in PIoT ***,autonomous data communication between different nodes within a social setup presents various resource management challenges that require careful *** paper provides a comprehensive review of the evolving domains of PIoT,SIoT,and ***,the paper offers insightful modeling and a case study exploring the role of PIoT in post-COVID *** study contributes to a deeper understanding of the intricacies of PIoT and its various dimensions,paving the way for further advancements in this transformative field.

关键词： Personal Internet of Things(PIoT) Artificial Social Intelligence(ASI) Hyperpersonalization

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Automatic Fetal Segmentation Designed on computer-Aided Detection with Ultrasound Images

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第11期81卷 2967-2986页

作者： Mohana Priya Govindarajan Sangeetha Subramaniam Karuppaiya Bharathi Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalaniChennaiTamil Nadu600026India

In the present research,we describe a computer-aided detection(CAD)method aimed at automatic fetal head circumference(HC)measurement in 2D ultrasonography pictures during all trimesters of *** HC might be utilized toward determining gestational age and tracking fetal *** automated approach is particularly valuable in low-resource settings where access to trained sonographers is *** CAD system is divided into two steps:to begin,Haar-like characteristics were extracted from ultrasound pictures in order to train a classifier using random forests to find the fetal *** identified the HC using dynamic programming,an elliptical fit,and a Hough *** computer-aided detection(CAD)program was well-trained on 999 pictures(HC18 challenge data source),and then verified on 335 photos from all trimesters in an independent test set.A skilled sonographer and an expert in medicine personally marked the test *** used the crown-rump length(CRL)measurement to calculate the reference gestational age(GA).In the first,second,and third trimesters,the median difference between the standard GA and the GA calculated by the skilled sonographer stayed at 0.7±2.7,0.0±4.5,and 2.0±12.0 days,*** regular duration variance between the baseline GA and the health investigator’s GA remained 1.5±3.0,1.9±5.0,and 4.0±14 a couple of *** mean variance between the standard GA and the CAD system’s GA remained between 0.5 and 5.0,with an additional variation of 2.9 to 12.5 *** outcomes reveal that the computer-aided detection(CAD)program outperforms an expert *** paired with the classifications reported in the literature,the provided system achieves results that are comparable or even *** have assessed and scheduled this computerized approach for HC evaluation,which includes information from all trimesters of gestation.

关键词： Fetal growth segmentation ultrasound images computer-aided detection gestational age crown-rump length head circumference

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DDSS: Driver decision support system based on the driver behaviour prediction to avoid accidents in intelligent transport system

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International Journal of Cognitive computing in Engineering 2024年第1期5卷 1-13页

作者： S, Balasubramani D, John Aravindhar Renjith, P.N. Ramesh, K. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore India

Accidents caused by drivers who exhibit unusual behavior are putting road safety at ever-greater risk. When one or more vehicle nodes behave in this way, it can put other nodes in danger and result in potentially catastrophic accidents. In order to anticipate and handle unusual driving behavior in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), this research presents a unique Driver Decision Support System (DDSS). A reliable driving behavior prediction system is used by the suggested DDSS to categorize drivers as displaying normal or abnormal behavior. In order to prevent accidents in ITS scenarios, the system reliably detects anomalous driving patterns and advises nearby vehicles to change lanes or alter speed. The driver behavior prediction algorithm efficiently groups drivers into behavior categories using the K-Means clustering method. In order to evaluate the algorithm's efficacy, a comparative analysis is conducted by comparing its outcomes against those of Support Vector Machines (SVMs), Decision Trees, K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), Logistic Regression, and Naïve Bayes. The integration of the Driver Decision Support System into the Intelligent Transportation System infrastructure serves to augment endeavours in accident prevention. Monitoring and analysis of driver behavior enable timely interventions, promoting safer driving practices and reducing accident risks. This research helps to create a more effective transportation system by reducing the number of accidents brought on by reckless driving. Because of its novel method to anticipating and controlling driver behavior, the proposed DDSS has promise for improving road safety and preventing accidents. The efficacy and the dependability of the driver behavior prediction algorithm are confirmed by the experimental assessment. © 2023

关键词： K-means clustering

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AutoRhythmAI: A Hybrid Machine and Deep Learning Approach for Automated Diagnosis of Arrhythmias

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2137-2158页

作者： S.Jayanthi S.Prasanna Devi Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology-Vadapalani CampusChennaiTamil NaduIndia

In healthcare,the persistent challenge of arrhythmias,a leading cause of global mortality,has sparked extensive research into the automation of detection using machine learning(ML)***,traditional ML and AutoML approaches have revealed their limitations,notably regarding feature generalization and automation *** glaring research gap has motivated the development of AutoRhythmAI,an innovative solution that integrates both machine and deep learning to revolutionize the diagnosis of *** approach encompasses two distinct pipelines tailored for binary-class and multi-class arrhythmia detection,effectively bridging the gap between data preprocessing and model *** validate our system,we have rigorously tested AutoRhythmAI using a multimodal dataset,surpassing the accuracy achieved using a single dataset and underscoring the robustness of our *** the first pipeline,we employ signal filtering and ML algorithms for preprocessing,followed by data balancing and split for *** second pipeline is dedicated to feature extraction and classification,utilizing deep learning ***,we introduce the‘RRI-convoluted trans-former model’as a novel addition for binary-class *** ensemble-based approach then amalgamates all models,considering their respective weights,resulting in an optimal model *** our study,the VGGRes Model achieved impressive results in multi-class arrhythmia detection,with an accuracy of 97.39%and firm performance in precision(82.13%),recall(31.91%),and F1-score(82.61%).In the binary-class task,the proposed model achieved an outstanding accuracy of 96.60%.These results highlight the effectiveness of our approach in improving arrhythmia detection,with notably high accuracy and well-balanced performance metrics.

关键词： Automated machine learning neural networks deep learning arrhythmias

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