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2021 Philippine Geomatics Symposium 2021

作者： Celeste, J.J. Bongolan, V.P. System Modeling and Simulation Laboratory Department of Computer Science University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City Philippines

The COVID-19 pandemic prompted schools to close in 2020, and with its negative impact on the quality of learning, the conversation shifts to the re-opening scenarios. In this study, we coupled a COVID-19 agent-based model (ABM) with social contact probabilities from pre-pandemic estimates. We then simulated school re-opening and vaccination scenarios in Quezon City, Philippines using our ABM. Our toy simulations suggest that the city could already re-open schools with 50% vaccination coverage. However, we suggest that students shall be vaccinated first, mask-wearing and physical distance shall be strictly observed, and schools shall only be re-opened by 25% as a precaution. Policymakers may take insights from the study. © International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences - ISPRS Archives

关键词： COVID-19

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MD-TransUNet: TransUNet with Multi-attention and Dilated Convolution for Brain Stroke Lesion Segmentation 19th

MD-TransUNet: TransUNet with Multi-attention and Dilated C...

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19th EAI International Conference on Collaborative Computing: Networking, Applications and Worksharing, CollaborateCom 2023

作者： Xu, Jie Wan, Jian Zhang, Xin School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi University Zhejiang310018 China Key Laboratory of Complex Systems Modeling and Simulation Ministry of Education Ministry of Education Beijing China School of Information and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University of Science and Technology Zhejiang China Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics Second Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources Hangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031545276

The accurate segmentation of stroke lesion regions holds immense significance in shaping treatment strategies and rehabilitation protocols. Due to the large difference in the volume of stroke lesion areas and the great similarity between lesion areas and normal tissues, most of the existing methods for lesion segmentation cannot deal with these problems well. This paper proposes a novel network named MD-TransUNet for the segmentation of stroke lesions, whose framework is based on the UNet architecture. To fully obtain deep image features, it uses ResNet50 for downsampling. MD (multi-dilated) module is employed as the skip connection to gain more receptive fields. Different receptive fields can adapt to varying volumes of lesion areas. Then, a feature extraction module with multi-level attention mechanism is designed using ConvLSTM, non-local spatial attention, and channel attention modules to suppress useless information expression in skip connections and upsampling processes while focusing more on effective spatial and channel information in features. The experiments show that our proposed network gets superior performance than benchmark methods and indicates the generalization and effectiveness of the proposed model. © ICST Institute for computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2024.

关键词： Convolution

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A Client Selection Method Based on Loss Function Optimization for Federated Learning

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computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第10期137卷 1047-1064页

作者： Yan Zeng Siyuan Teng Tian Xiang Jilin Zhang Yuankai Mu Yongjian Ren Jian Wan School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou310018China Key Laboratory of Complex System Modeling and Simulation Ministry of EducationHangzhou310018China Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Data Security Governance Hangzhou310018China Intelligent Robotics Research Center Zhejiang LabHangzhou311100China HDU-ITMO Joint Institute Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou310018China

Federated learning is a distributedmachine learningmethod that can solve the increasingly serious problemof data islands and user data privacy,as it allows training data to be kept locally and not shared with other *** trains a globalmodel by aggregating locally-computedmodels of clients rather than their ***,the divergence of local models caused by data heterogeneity of different clients may lead to slow convergence of the global *** this problem,we focus on the client selection with federated learning,which can affect the convergence performance of the global model with the selected local *** propose FedChoice,a client selection method based on loss function optimization,to select appropriate local models to improve the convergence of the global *** firstly sets selected probability for clients with the value of loss function,and the client with high loss will be set higher selected probability,which can make them more likely to participate in ***,it introduces a local control vector and a global control vector to predict the local gradient direction and global gradient direction,respectively,and calculates the gradient correction vector to correct the gradient direction to reduce the cumulative deviationof the local gradient causedby *** experiments to verify the validity of FedChoice on CIFAR-10,CINIC-10,MNIST,EMNITS,and FEMNIST datasets,and the results show that the convergence of FedChoice is significantly improved,compared with FedAvg,FedProx,and FedNova.

关键词： Federated learning model aggregation Non-IID

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Relationship graph learning network for visual relationship detection 2

Relationship graph learning network for visual relationship ...

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2nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia in Asia, MMAsia 2020

作者： Li, Yanan Yu, Jun Zhan, Yibing Chen, Zhi Key Laboratory of Complex Systems Modeling and Simulation School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450383080

Visual relationship detection aims to predict the relationships between detected object pairs. It is well believed that the correlations between image components (i.e., objects and relationships between objects) are significant considerations when predicting objects' relationships. However, most current visual relationship detection methods only exploited the correlations among objects, and the correlations among objects' relationships remained underexplored. This paper proposes a relationship graph learning network (RGLN) to explore the correlations among objects' relationships for visual relationship detection. Specifically, RGLN obtains image objects using an object detector, and then, every pair of objects constitutes a relationship proposal. All relationship proposals construct a relationship graph, in which the proposals are treated as nodes. Accordingly, RGLN designs bi-stream graph attention subnetworks to detect relationship proposals, in which one graph attention subnetwork analyzes correlations among relationships based on visual and spatial information, and the other analyzes correlations based on semantic and spatial information. Besides, RGLN exploits a relationship selection subnetwork to ignore redundant information of object pairs with no relationships. We conduct extensive experiments on two public datasets: the VRD and the VG datasets. The experimental results compared with the state-of-the-art demonstrate the competitiveness of RGLN. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Semantics

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Improved Mayfly Algorithm Based on Co-Evolution for Feature Selection

Improved Mayfly Algorithm Based on Co-Evolution for Feature ...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Guo Tianyu Dong Hongbin Zhou Jing National Engineering Laboratory for E-government Modeling and Simulation School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Engineering University Harbin China

Mayfly algorithm (MA) is a new type of intelligent optimization algorithm with excellent search ability and a broad application prospect in feature selection. However, as the dimension of the data increases, MA also has the problem of weak search ability and falling into the local optimal solution. To solve these problems, this paper combines the idea of collaborative evolution and proposes an improved Mayfly algorithm (CEIMA) suitable for feature selection problems. The CEIMA algorithm first divides the population into two sub-populations and initializes them in different ways to increase the diversity of the population. During evolution, information sharing is achieved through an information transmission mechanism between sub-populations, achieving collaborative evolution between sub-populations to enhance the global search ability of CEIMA. Finally, the mRMR-m strategy is proposed to mutate the global optimal individual based on feature importance, improving the ability of CEIMA to escape from local optimal solutions. Through a comparison with 7 feature selection algorithms on 12 UCI datasets, the effectiveness of CEIMA is proven.

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"Why not looking backward?" a robust two-step method to automatically terminate Bayesian optimization 23

"Why not looking backward?" a robust two-step method to auto...

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Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Shuang Li Ke Li Wei Li Control and Simulation Center Harbin Institute of Technology China and National Key Laboratory of Modeling and Simulation for Complex Systems China Department of Computer Science University of Exeter Exeter UK

Bayesian Optimization (BO) is a powerful method for tackling expensive blackbox optimization problems. As a sequential model-based optimization strategy, BO iteratively explores promising solutions until a predetermined budget, either iterations or time, is exhausted. The decision on when to terminate BO significantly influences both the quality of solutions and its computational efficiency. In this paper, we propose a simple, yet theoretically grounded, two-step method for automatically terminating BO. Our core concept is to proactively identify if the search is within a convex region by examining previously observed samples. BO is halted once the local regret within this convex region falls below a predetermined threshold. To enhance numerical stability, we propose an approximation method for calculating the termination indicator by solving a bilevel optimization problem. We conduct extensive empirical studies on diverse benchmark problems, including synthetic functions, reinforcement learning, and hyperparameter optimization. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method saves up to ≈ 80% computational budget yet is with an order of magnitude smaller performance degradation, comparing against the other peer methods. In addition, our proposed termination method is robust in terms of the setting of its termination criterion.

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Short-Term Traffic Flow Prediction Method Based on Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of Complex Road Network

Short-Term Traffic Flow Prediction Method Based on Spatio-Te...

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2021 International Conference on Applied Mathematics, modeling and computer simulation, AMMCS 2021

作者： Zhu, Huawei Mao, Yihao Zhao, Yiming Shi, Liyuan Shao, Yanli School of Information and Electrical Engineering Zhejiang University City College Hangzhou310015 China Key Laboratory of Complex Systems Modeling and Simulation School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou310018 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781643682549

With the development of urbanization, the number of residents' motor vehicles has increased sharply, and traffic congestion problem has become increasingly serious. The construction of Intelligent Traffic System (ITS) has become the main means to alleviate traffic congestion. Short-term traffic flow prediction has guiding significance for residents' travel planning and intelligent management of transportation, and has become one of the research hotspots in intelligent transportation ***, A short-term traffic flow prediction method based on the spatio-temporal characteristics of complex road networks is proposed to further improve the prediction accuracy and reduce the prediction cost. Firstly, a graph convolutional network (GCN) capable of processing non-Euclidean data structures is used to extract the spatial characteristics of traffic flow data. Then, the long and short-term memory (LSTM) neural network is used to process the time characteristics. Finally, the two are combined to realize the effective processing of the spatio-temporal characteristics of traffic flow data. Experimental results on the real traffic flow dataset prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method, and can provide a basis for intelligent traffic control and smart city construction. © 2022 The authors and IOS Press.

关键词： Traffic congestion

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A Synchronous Parallel Method with Parameters Communication Prediction for Distributed Machine Learning 19th

A Synchronous Parallel Method with Parameters Communication...

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19th EAI International Conference on Collaborative Computing: Networking, Applications and Worksharing, CollaborateCom 2023

作者： Zeng, Yanguo Xue, Meiting Xu, Peiran Shi, Yukun Zeng, Kaisheng Zhang, Jilin Yue, Lupeng School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou310018 China Key Laboratory for Modeling and Simulation of Complex Systems Ministry of Education Hangzhou310018 China Data Security Governance Zhejiang Engineering Research Center Hangzhou310018 China National University of Defense Technology Changsha China School of Cyberspace HangZhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031545306

With the development of machine learning technology in various fields, such as medical care, smart manufacturing, etc., the data has exploded. It is a challenge to train a deep learning model for different application domains with large-scale data and limited resources of a single device. The distributed machine-learning technology, which uses a parameter server and multiple clients to train a model collaboratively, is an excellent method to solve this problem. However, it needs much communication between different devices with limited communication resources. The stale synchronous parallel method is a mainstream communication method to solve this problem, but it always leads to high synchronization delay and low computing efficiency as the inappropriate delay threshold value set by the user based on experience. This paper proposes a synchronous parallel method with parameters communication prediction for distributed machine learning. It predicts the optimal timing for synchronization, which can solve the problem of long synchronization waiting time caused by the inappropriate threshold settings in the stale synchronous parallel method. Moreover, it allows fast nodes to continue local training while performing global synchronization, which can improve the resource utilization of work nodes. Experimental results show that compared with the delayed synchronous parallel method, the training time and quality, and resource usage of our method are both significantly improved. © ICST Institute for computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2024.

关键词： Forecasting

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Prompting Large Language Models with Answer Heuristics for Knowledge-Based Visual Question Answering

Prompting Large Language Models with Answer Heuristics for K...

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Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： Zhenwei Shao Zhou Yu Meng Wang Jun Yu Key Laboratory of Complex Systems Modeling and Simulation School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi University China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology China

Knowledge-based visual question answering (VQA) requires external knowledge beyond the image to answer the question. Early studies retrieve required knowledge from explicit knowledge bases (KBs), which often introduces irrelevant information to the question, hence restricting the performance of their models. Recent works have sought to use a large language model (i.e., GPT-3 [3]) as an implicit knowledge engine to acquire the necessary knowledge for answering. Despite the encouraging results achieved by these methods, we argue that they have not fully activated the capacity of GPT-3 as the provided input information is insufficient. In this paper, we present Prophet-a conceptually simple framework designed to $prompt$ GPT-3 with answer heuristics for knowledge-based VQA. Specifically, we first train a vanilla VQA model on a specific knowledge-based VQA dataset without external knowledge. After that, we extract two types of complementary answer heuristics from the model: answer candidates and answer-aware examples. Finally, the two types of answer heuristics are encoded into the prompts to enable GPT-3 to better comprehend the task thus enhancing its capacity. Prophet significantly outperforms all existing state-of-the-art methods on two challenging knowledge-based VQA datasets, OK-VQA and A-OKVQA, delivering 61.1% and 55.7% accuracies on their testing sets, respectively.

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FedECCR: Federated Learning Method with Encoding Comparison and Classification Rectification 19th

FedECCR: Federated Learning Method with Encoding Comparison...

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19th EAI International Conference on Collaborative Computing: Networking, Applications and Worksharing, CollaborateCom 2023

作者： Zeng, Yan Zheng, Hui Wang, Xin Zhang, Beibei Zhou, Mingyao Zhang, Jilin Ren, YongJian School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou310018 China Key Laboratory for Modeling and Simulation of Complex Systems Ministry of Education Hangzhou310018 China Data Security Governance Zhejiang Engineering Research Center Hangzhou310018 China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou311100 China Hangzhou Huawei Communication Technology Co. Ltd. Hangzhou310052 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031545306

Federated learning is a distributed training method that integrates multi-party data information using privacy-preserving technologies through dispersed client data sets to jointly construct a global model under the coordination of a central server. However, in practical applications, there is a high degree of data distribution skewness among clients, which causes the optimization direction of the client models to diverge, resulting in model bias and reducing the accuracy of the global model. Existing methods require the calculation and transmission of much information to correct the optimization direction of the client models, or only roughly limit the deviation of the client models end-to-end, ignoring targeted processing of the internal structure of the model, resulting in unclear improvement effects. To address these problems, we propose a federated optimization algorithm FedECCR based on encoding contrast and classification correction. This algorithm divides the model into an encoder and a classifier. It utilizes prototype contrastive training of the model encoder and unbiased classification correction of the classifier. This approach notably improves the accuracy of the global model while maintaining low communication costs. We conducted experiments on multiple data sets to evaluate the validity of our method, and the quantified results showed that FedECCR can improve the global model classification accuracy by approximately 1% to 6% compared to FedAvg, FedProx, and MOON. © ICST Institute for computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2024.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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