The Sunda Shelf is settled in Southeast Asia where it forms a large submerged extension of the continental shelf of mainland Asia. The Sunda shelf includes the Greater Sunda Islands of Borneo, Java and Sumatra and the...
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The Sunda Shelf is settled in Southeast Asia where it forms a large submerged extension of the continental shelf of mainland Asia. The Sunda shelf includes the Greater Sunda Islands of Borneo, Java and Sumatra and the bulk of the shelf forms the shallow seabed of the South China Sea, the coastal areas of Cambodia, Malaysia Peninsula, Singapore, Borneo, and parts of the coast of Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam. This shelf is characterized by complex shoreline and seafloor topography which can result in complicated tidal characteristics. In this work, we aim to gain insightful understanding of mechanism of the tidal wave propagation in this region. To achieve this, we perform simulation with high fidelity for the Gulf of Thailand and nearby areas. The high fidelity includes high resolution bathymetry (30 seconds), finer scale capturing and ability to preserve the realistic, complex coastline and islands. To this end, we employ the finite volume method in our simulation for its geometric flexibility, computational efficiency as well as volume and mass conservation assurance. In the current study, we focus mainly on the tidal dynamic processes in the Sunda shelf region, and we numerically scrutinize exact amphidromic systems as well as the corresponding energy flux of the principal tides (M 2 , K 1 , S 2 and O 1 ) in the Sunda shelf of the South China Sea. Comparisons to other numerical and experimental observations have been done.
Peer-to-peer (P2P) multimedia streaming provides a scalable solution for IPTV. However, delays from channel switch and streaming recovery are typically in the scale of 10-60 seconds, which have hindered the extensive ...
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Peer-to-peer (P2P) multimedia streaming provides a scalable solution for IPTV. However, delays from channel switch and streaming recovery are typically in the scale of 10-60 seconds, which have hindered the extensive commercial deployment of P2P systems. We call these two types of delays, churn-induced delays. Obtaining assurances on churn-induced delays in dynamic and heterogeneous network environments is a challenge. In this paper, we devise a simple, yet efficient agent-based P2P streaming scheme, called NAP, which reduces churn-induced delays. We first formulate the problems of minimizing channel-switching delay and streaming recovery delay. We then present the detailed methodology of NAP. In addition, we develop a queuing model for the P2P streaming scenario and analyze the properties of NAP based on this model. Our numerical study reveals the effectiveness of NAP, and shows that NAP significantly reduces churn-induced delays, especially channel-switching delays.
Increasing functionality and complexity of automotive embedded system have led to more risks from systematic faults and random hardware faults. This makes it necessary to perform the functional safety process througho...
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Increasing functionality and complexity of automotive embedded system have led to more risks from systematic faults and random hardware faults. This makes it necessary to perform the functional safety process throughout the safety lifecycle of these systems. In addition, the appearance of the new functional safety standard ISO 26262 also make the consideration of functional safety as part of the design and implementation process for these systems is growing in importance. This paper presents a comprehensive functional safety analysis approach based on functional model. The process of functional modeling and safety analysis is outlined and the comprehensive functional safety analysis approach is applied to Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT) control system and the analysis results are integrated. A method for the automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) determination is put forward based on severity, probability of exposure and controllability.
This paper proposes an improved estimation of distribution algorithm(EDA) based on a class of nested Archimedean copulas which is constructed with Lévy subordinators(LNAcopula-EDA). Utilizing of Lévy subordi...
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This paper proposes an improved estimation of distribution algorithm(EDA) based on a class of nested Archimedean copulas which is constructed with Lévy subordinators(LNAcopula-EDA). Utilizing of Lévy subordinators, a class of nested Archimedean copulas has been conveniently constructed. In order to exploit EDA to solve high-dimensional continuous optimization problem, we fully use of the capability of nested Archimedean copula in modeling high-dimensional joint distribution of multivariate with complex rank correlation structure to construct the probability distribution model of promising individuals in EDA. Then, the procedure of LNAcopula-EDA has been presented. And comparing with other EDAs that based on copula functions for the benchmark functions in the experiments, the obtained results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
To improve the handling performance of a steer-by-wire (SBW) vehicle, a series of control logics are proposed. Firstly, an algorithm for enhancing the maneuvering in steady-state cornering is presented. On this basis,...
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To improve the handling performance of a steer-by-wire (SBW) vehicle, a series of control logics are proposed. Firstly, an algorithm for enhancing the maneuvering in steady-state cornering is presented. On this basis, two categories of control strategies are used to dynamically correct and compensate the transient state steering responses and vehicle behaviors. Simulator tests including subjective evaluations and virtual field tests are both conducted to make comprehensive investigations on the series of control logics. The subjective evaluations demonstrate that the SBW vehicle with a specifically selected value of steering sensitivity tends to be more desirable for driving than a conventional one in which a fixed steering ratio exists. The virtual field tests indicate that the control strategies for dynamical correction and compensation could effectively improve the handling per-formances of an SBW vehicle by reducing the work load of drivers, enhancing the track-holding performance, and improving steering response properties.
The characteristics of forced convection heat transfer from a pair of circular cylinders in staggered arrangements with heated upstream cylinder are investigated. The longitudinal separation to cylinder diameter ratio...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642012723
The characteristics of forced convection heat transfer from a pair of circular cylinders in staggered arrangements with heated upstream cylinder are investigated. The longitudinal separation to cylinder diameter ratio and the transverse separation to cylinder diameter ratio are varied from 2.5 to 5 and from 0.5 to 1, respectively. Three-dimensional direct numerical simulations (DNS) have been performed using the spectral/hp element method with the Reynolds numbers, Re, of 500 and 1000 and the Prandtl number, Pr, of 0.71. The identification of major spatially distributed features is done by extracting the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) modes from ensemble of simulation solutions. The correlation between flow, heat transfer characteristics and POD modes is discussed.
It is found that stable proton acceleration from a thin foil irradiated by a linearly polarized ultraintense laser can be realized for appropriate foil thickness and laser intensity. A dual-peaked electrostatic field,...
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It is found that stable proton acceleration from a thin foil irradiated by a linearly polarized ultraintense laser can be realized for appropriate foil thickness and laser intensity. A dual-peaked electrostatic field, originating from the oscillating and nonoscillating components of the laser ponderomotive force, is formed around the foil surfaces. This field combines radiation-pressure acceleration and target normal sheath acceleration to produce a single quasimonoenergetic ion bunch. A criterion for this mechanism to be operative is obtained and verified by two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. At a laser intensity of ∼5.5×1022 W/cm2, quasimonoenergetic GeV proton bunches are obtained with ∼100 MeV energy spread, less than 4° spatial divergence, and ∼50% energy conversion efficiency from the laser.
A numerical investigation of the influence of pitch angle on vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) aerodynamic performance is carried out using the finite volume method. The attack angle of the wind turbine is studied und...
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A numerical investigation of the influence of pitch angle on vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) aerodynamic performance is carried out using the finite volume method. The attack angle of the wind turbine is studied under a speed ratio lambda = 3D 4, and the pitch angle of the wind turbine is adjusted to optimize the working attack angle and hence the aerodynamic performance of the turbine. The flow is assumed to be 2D fully turbulent and the fluid is incompressible, and turbulence is modeled by the k-w SST. The sliding mesh technique is adopted. The present study shows that an appropriate pitch angle can apparently improve the wind turbine power-coefficient.
Incompressible flow around a pair of circular cylinders in various staggered arrangements with heated upstream cylinder is investigated in this study. Three dimensional direct numerical simulation (DNS) has been perfo...
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Incompressible flow around a pair of circular cylinders in various staggered arrangements with heated upstream cylinder is investigated in this study. Three dimensional direct numerical simulation (DNS) has been performed with spatial discretization based on the spectral/hp element method with the Reynolds numbers of 200 and the Richardson numbers are varied from 0.05 to 2.0. The longitudinal separation to cylinders diameter ratio is set to 2.5 and 5.0 with transverse separation to cylinders diameter ratio is fixed at 1.0. The investigation focuses on the effects of buoyancy as well as cylinders placement on both flow structures and local heat transfer characteristics of both cylinders.
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