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A Dangerous Driving Behavior Detection Method Based on Improved YOLOv8s

Engineering Letters 2025年第3期33卷 721-731页

作者： Zhou, Tong Zhang, Xiaoxia Chen, Huilong School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoNing Anshan114051 China

Detecting dangerous driving behavior is a critical research area focused on identifying and preventing actions that could lead to traffic accidents, such as smoking, drinking, yawning, and drowsiness, through technical methods. Advanced computer vision and machine learning technologies enable efficient detection models to monitor and analyze driver behavior, improving road safety. Due to challenges posed by complex environments, this paper introduces an enhanced detection algorithm, YOLOv8s-CDS, to improve the identification of dangerous driving behaviors. First, the ConvNeXt V2 module is integrated with the C2f module to form C2fNeb2, optimizing feature extraction for behaviors like smoking or phone use. Second, the DASI (Dimension-Aware Selective Integration) module enhances detection accuracy through multi-scale fusion and dimension perception. Additionally, the SCConv module replaces the Conv module in the Bottleneck, forming C2fSCConv, which reduces spatial redundancy and improves detection efficiency.A comprehensive experimental analysis of dangerous driving image datasets demonstrates that the mean average precision (mAP) of the YOLOv8s-CDS algorithm is 91.20%, which is 2.4% higher than that of the YOLOv8s algorithm. Compared to other object detection algorithms, such as Faster R-CNN, YOLOv5s, YOLOv7s, YOLOX and YOLOv8, YOLOv8s-CDS demonstrates greater practicality in detecting dangerous driving behaviors, contributing to a reduction in traffic accidents and enhancing the safety of life and property. © 2025, International Association of Engineers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Highway accidents

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Vision-Text Bidirectional Collaborative Image Captioning Algorithm

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer Science 2025年第2期52卷 515-523页

作者： Li, Mei-Qi Zhou, Zi-Wei School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoNing Anshan114051 China

Image captioning is an interdisciplinary research hotspot at the intersection of computer vision and natural language processing, representing a multimodal task that integrates core technologies from both fields. This task requires the use of computer vision techniques to analyze and extract key visual features from images, followed by the application of natural language processing techniques to generate descriptive text that is syntactically and semantically aligned with human cognition. This process poses a significant challenge for computers. Existing models mostly ignore the relative positional information of visual objects and struggle to efficiently capture the complex relationships between visual and textual data. To address these challenges, we propose a vision-to-text bidirectional collaborative image captioning method. This approach extracts both visual features and positional information of objects, allowing the model to better understand the spatial relationships between objects. The CEW word embedding approach encodes textual information more profoundly, enhancing semantic expression and contextual understanding. In the decoding phase, a bidirectional cross-attention mechanism strengthens the interaction between vision and text, leading to improved accuracy in image understanding. The model is trained and tested on the MSCOCO 2014 dataset and compared with several popular models. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves significant improvements on the CIDEr and BLEU-1 evaluation metrics with an increase of 1.5 and 1.1, respectively. In addition, we conduct ablation experiments, quantitative analysis, and qualitative analysis to comprehensively validate the effectiveness and stability of the proposed algorithm. © (2025), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Embeddings

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A program logic for obstruction-freedom

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Frontiers of computer Science 2024年第6期18卷 85-100页

作者： Zhao-Hui LI Xin-Yu FENG School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Though obstruction-free progress property is weaker than other non-blocking properties including lock-freedom and wait-freedom,it has advantages that have led to the use of obstruction-free implementations for software transactional memory(STM)and in anonymous and fault-tolerant distributed ***,existing work can only verify obstruction-freedom of specific data structures(e.g.,STM and list-based algorithms).In this paper,to fill this gap,we propose a program logic that can formally verify obstruction-freedom of practical implementations,as well as verify linearizability,a safety property,at the same *** also propose informal principles to extend a logic for verifying linearizability to verifying *** this approach,the existing proof for linearizability can be reused directly to construct the proof for both linearizability and ***,we have successfully applied our logic to verifying a practical obstruction-free double-ended queue implementation in the first classic paper that has proposed the definition of obstruction-freedom.

关键词： verification program logic progress properties obstruction-freedom concurrent objects

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The Improved Unet Semantic Segmentation Network for Remote Sensing Images

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer Science 2025年第4期52卷 1187-1195页

作者： Zhu, Hang Zhao, Ji School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan114051 China

With the development of artificial intelligence, deep learning has been increasingly used to achieve automatic detection of geographic information, replacing manual interpretation and improving efficiency. However, remote sensing images themselves have the issue of slight inter-class variance and significant intra-class variance, making it challenging to extract valuable information. Additionally, the increasing resolution and size of remote sensing images in recent years have introduced more complexity in the types of information, further increasing the difficulty of extracting valuable data. This paper proposes an improved Unet semantic segmentation network (referred to as RAUnet). First, in the encoder, continuous convolutional blocks are enhanced to extract features. At the same time, the EMAM multi-scale attention module is employed for cross-channel learning, capturing information from different feature channels of the target and using the surrounding feature information to assist in distinguishing target information. To capture multi-directional long-range dependencies, the Lo2 module is used for long-range modeling, which captures not only local contextual information but also long-range dependencies. In the decoder, a Dysample upsampling module is used to restore feature details, and in the skip connection layer, features are added for feature fusion. Experimental results show that compared to mainstream models, the proposed method achieves superior segmentation results on the Potsdam and Vihingen datasets. © (2025), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Multi-Task Chinese Speech Recognition Method Based on the Squeezeformer Model

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer Science 2025年第1期52卷 23-31页

作者： Guo, Ying Wang, Li School of Computer Science and software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan114051 China College of Computer Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan114051 China

End-to-end training has emerged as a prominent trend in speech recognition, with Conformer models effectively integrating Transformer and CNN architectures. However, their complexity and high computational cost pose deployment challenges. To address these issues, we propose a multi-task Chinese speech recognition method based on the Squeezeformer model. We replace the FMCF structure in Conformer with an MF/CF structure, leveraging the convolutional module as a local Multi- Head Attention (MHA) module to enhance efficiency. Multilevel down-sampling and up-sampling using a time-series U-Net further reduce computational costs. By eliminating redundant LayerNorm layers and employing depthwise separable convolutions, we streamline the model, reduce parameters, and lower deployment costs. An Adaptor Layer is integrated into the MHSA module to mitigate the vanishing gradient problem, and a ScaleVar Layer is added to enhance flexibility. Additionally, the RealFormer module is introduced on the decoding side to improve context understanding. Combining Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) with attention-based encoding and decoding models for multi-task learning improves performance and accuracy. Experimental results show that the proposed method reduces the parameters on AISHELL-1 dataset by 16% and reduces the character error rate to 5.50%. At the same time, it also shows good performance on AISHELL-2 dataset. © (2025), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Speech recognition

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LPW: an efficient data-aware cache replacement strategy for Apache Spark

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 77-96页

作者： Hui LI Shuping JI Hua ZHONG Wei WANG Lijie XU Zhen TANG Jun WEI Tao HUANG State Key Lab of Computer Science Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing Institute of Software Technology

Caching is one of the most important techniques for the popular distributed big data processing framework Spark. For this big data parallel computing framework, which is designed to support various applications based on in-memory computing, it is not possible to cache every intermediate result due to the memory size limitation. The arbitrariness of cache application programming interface(API) usage,the diversity of application characteristics, and the variability of memory resources constitute challenges to achieving high system execution performance. Inefficient cache replacement strategies may cause different performance problems such as long application execution time, low memory utilization, high replacement frequency, and even program execution failure resulting from out of memory. The cache replacement strategy currently adopted by Spark is the least recently used(LRU) strategy. Although LRU is a classical algorithm and has been widely used, it lacks consideration for the environment and workloads. As a result, it cannot achieve good performance under many scenarios. In this paper, we propose a novel cache replacement algorithm, least partition weight(LPW). LPW takes comprehensive consideration of different factors affecting system performance, such as partition size, computational cost, and reference count. The LPW algorithm was implemented in Spark and compared against the LRU as well as other state-of-the-art mechanisms. Our detailed experiments indicate that LPW obviously outperforms its counterparts and can reduce the execution time by up to 75% under typical workloads. Furthermore, the decreasing eviction frequency also shows the LPW algorithm can generate more reasonable predictions.

关键词： Spark memory cache replacement least partition weight data-aware

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Deep learning-based open API recommendation for Mashup development

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第7期66卷 94-111页

作者： Ye WANG Junwu CHEN Qiao HUANG Xin XIA Bo JIANG School of Computer and Information Engineering Zhejiang Gongshang University Software Engineering Application Technology Lab

Mashup developers often need to find open application programming interfaces(APIs) for their composition application development. Although most enterprises and service organizations have encapsulated their businesses or resources online as open APIs, finding the right high-quality open APIs is not an easy task from a library with several open APIs. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a deep learning-based open API recommendation(DLOAR) approach. First, the hierarchical density-based spatial clustering of applications with a noise topic model is constructed to build topic models for Mashup clusters. Second,developers' requirement keywords are extracted by the Text Rank algorithm, and the language model is built. Third, a neural network-based three-level similarity calculation is performed to find the most relevant open APIs. Finally, we complement the relevant information of open APIs in the recommended list to help developers make better choices. We evaluate the DLOAR approach on a real dataset and compare it with commonly used open API recommendation approaches: term frequency-inverse document frequency, latent dirichlet allocation, Word2Vec, and Sentence-BERT. The results show that the DLOAR approach has better performance than the other approaches in terms of precision, recall, F1-measure, mean average precision,and mean reciprocal rank.

关键词： Mashup development open API recommendation deep learning neural network service discovery

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A Parameter Adaptive Method for Image Smoothing

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Tsinghua Science and technology 2024年第4期29卷 1138-1151页

作者： Suwei Wang Xiang Ma Xuemei Li School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong UniversityJinan 250101China School of Software Shandong UniversityJinan 250101China

Edge is the key information in the process of image smoothing. Some edges, especially the weak edges, are difficult to maintain, which result in the local area being over-smoothed. For the protection of weak edges, we propose an image smoothing algorithm based on global sparse structure and parameter adaptation. The algorithm decomposes the image into high frequency and low frequency part based on global sparse structure. The low frequency part contains less texture information which is relatively easy to smoothen. The high frequency part is more sensitive to edge information so it is more suitable for the selection of smoothing parameters. To reduce the computational complexity and improve the effect, we propose a bicubic polynomial fitting method to fit all the sample values into a surface. Finally, we use Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) to unify the whole algorithm and obtain the smoothed results by iterative optimization. Compared with traditional methods and deep learning methods, as well as the application tasks of edge extraction, image abstraction, pseudo-boundary removal, and image enhancement, it shows that our algorithm can preserve the local weak edge of the image more effectively, and the visual effect of smoothed results is better.

关键词： image smoothing parameter adaptation bicubic interpolation polynomial fitting

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Spatio-Temporal Learning for Route-Based Travel Time Estimation

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Journal of computer Science & technology 2024年第5期39卷 1107-1122页

作者： Zi-Quan Fang Qi-Chen Sun Lu Chen Dan-Lei Hu Yun-Jun Gao School of Software Technology Zhejiang UniversityNingbo 315048China College of Computer Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Travel time estimation(TTE)is a fundamental task to build intelligent transportation ***,most existing TTE solutions design models upon simple homogeneous graphs and ignore the heterogeneity of traffic networks,where,e.g.,main roads typically contribute differently from side *** terms of spatial dimension,few studies consider the dynamic spatial correlations across road segments,e.g.,the traffic speed/volume on road segment A may correlate with the traffic speed/volume on road segment B,where A and B could be adjacent or non-adjacent,and such correlations may vary across *** terms of temporal dimension,even fewer studies consider the dynamic temporal dependences,where,e.g.,the historical states of road A may directly correlate with the recent state of A,and may also indirectly correlate with the recent state of road *** track all aforementioned issues of existing TTE approaches,we provide HDTTE,a solution that employs heterogeneous and dynamic spatio-temporal predictive ***,we first design a general multi-relational graph constructor that extracts hidden heterogeneous information of road segments,where we model road segments as nodes and model correlations as edges in the multi-relational ***,we propose a dynamic graph attention convolution module that aggregates dynamic spatial dependence of neighbor roads to focal *** also present a novel correlation-augmented temporal convolution module to capture the influence of states at past time steps on current traffic ***,in view of the periodic dependence of traffic,we develop a multi-scale adaptive fusion layer to enable HDTTE to exploit periodic patterns from recent,daily,and weekly traffic *** experimental study using real-life highway and urban datasets demonstrates the validity of the approach and its advantage over others.

关键词： heterogeneous traffic modeling spatio-temporal learning travel time estimation traffic speed prediction

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Understanding and Detecting Inefficient Image Displaying Issues in Android Apps

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Journal of computer Science & technology 2024年第2期39卷 434-459页

作者：李文杰马骏蒋炎岩许畅马晓星 State Key Laboratory of Novel Software Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Mobile applications(apps for short)often need to display ***,inefficient image displaying(IID)issues are pervasive in mobile apps,and can severely impact app performance and user *** paper first establishes a descriptive framework for the image displaying procedures of IID *** on the descriptive framework,we conduct an empirical study of 216 real-world IID issues collected from 243 popular open-source Android apps to validate the presence and severity of IID issues,and then shed light on these issues’characteristics to support research on effective issue *** the findings of this study,we propose a static IID issue detection tool TAPIR and evaluate it with 243 real-world Android ***,49 and 64 previously-unknown IID issues in two different versions of 16 apps reported by TAPIR are manually confirmed as true positives,respectively,and 16 previously-unknown IID issues reported by TAPIR have been confirmed by developers and 13 have been ***,we further evaluate the performance impact of these detected IID issues and the performance improvement if they are *** results demonstrate that the IID issues detected by TAPIR indeed cause significant performance degradation,which further show the effectiveness and efficiency of TAPIR.

关键词： Android application(app) inefficient image displaying(IID) performance empirical study static analysis

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