In traditional reliability theory, both the system and its components are allowed to take only two possible states: working or failed. On the other hand, in a multi-state system, both the system and the components are...
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An electrostatic micro-power generator (MPG) designed to power wireless sensors is presented. The MPG does not need an initial charge source and produces 9µW using a 0.5g vibration source. The MPG is also charact...
An electrostatic micro-power generator (MPG) designed to power wireless sensors is presented. The MPG does not need an initial charge source and produces 9µW using a 0.5g vibration source. The MPG is also characterized by wide energy collection band that can reach up to 10Hz. Optimization of a prototype shows the possibility of generating more than 190µW. A non-linear model for the proposed MPG is presented. The simulation results obtained from the model shows good agreement with the experimental results.
A delay-locked loop (DLL) regulated single-inductor multiple-output (SIMO) power converter is presented. It takes advantage of the fast phase locking property of a DLL to identify the SIMO converter's regulation e...
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A delay-locked loop (DLL) regulated single-inductor multiple-output (SIMO) power converter is presented. It takes advantage of the fast phase locking property of a DLL to identify the SIMO converter's regulation errors between the output voltages and their corresponding references. In response to these errors, an adaptive peak current modulation technique is proposed to adjust the instantaneous duty ratios, and thus minimize the regulation errors in the converter. The DLL acquires locking within 350 ns, allowing it to respond to load dynamics promptly, which is very desirable for DVS-enabled power-efficient VLSI systems. The system was designed and simulated in IBM 130-nm CMOS process. Fully transistor-based HSPICE simulations show that, with a 1.8 V nominal input supply, the converter precisely regulates two independent output voltages at 0.9 V and 1.5 V, respectively. It achieves the maximum efficiency of 87.2% at a total power of 104.8 mW and a switching frequency of 500 kHz.
This paper proposes a recognition method of contact condition based on the concept of modal motion stiffness in bilateral control system. The acceleration control-based bilateral control method with modal decompositio...
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This paper proposes a recognition method of contact condition based on the concept of modal motion stiffness in bilateral control system. The acceleration control-based bilateral control method with modal decomposition can divide complicated human motion into the independent motion elements. Since it can transmit vivid force sensation from the real environment, precise environmental information can be abstracted as well. This paper presents a novel concept of modal motion stiffness. The modal motion stiffness expresses stiffness in each independent motion element which is called as a mode. Then, the identification of contact constraint can be realized from the proposed modal motion stiffness. The experimental results are shown in this paper in order to confirm the validity of the proposed method.
With the evolution of mobile devices and networks, and the growing trend of mobile Internet access, rich, multi-player gaming using mobile devices, similar to PC-based Internet games, has tremendous potential and inte...
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With the evolution of mobile devices and networks, and the growing trend of mobile Internet access, rich, multi-player gaming using mobile devices, similar to PC-based Internet games, has tremendous potential and interest. However, the current client-server architecture for PC-based Internet games, where most of the storage and computational burden of the game lies with the client device, does not work with mobile devices, constraining mobile gaming to either downloadable, single player games, or very light non-interactive versions of the rich multi-player Internet games. In this paper, we study a cloud server based approach, termed Cloud Mobile Gaming (CMG), where the burden of executing the gaming engines is put on cloud servers, and the mobile devices just communicate the users' gaming commands to the servers. We analyze the factors affecting the quality of user experience using the CMG approach, including the game genres, video encoding factors, and the conditions of the wireless network. Based on the above analysis, we develop a model for Mobile Gaming User Experience (MGUE), and develop a prototype for real-time measurement of MGUE that can be used in real networks. We validate MGUE model using controlled subjective testing, and then use it to characterize user experience achievable using the CMG approach in wireless networks.
KF-SLAM (Kalman filter-SLAM) have been used as a popular solution by researchers in many SLAM application. Nevertheless, it shortcomings of assumption for Gaussian noise limited its efficiency and demand researcher to...
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KF-SLAM (Kalman filter-SLAM) have been used as a popular solution by researchers in many SLAM application. Nevertheless, it shortcomings of assumption for Gaussian noise limited its efficiency and demand researcher to consider better filter and algorithm to achieve a promising result of estimation. In this paper, we proposed one of its family, the H infin filter-based SLAM to determine its competency for SLAM problem. Unlike Kalman filter, H infin filter able to work in an unknown statistical noise behavior and thus more robust. It rely on a guess that the noise is in bounded energy and does not require a priori knowledge about the system. Therefore, we proposed the H infin filter as other available technique to infer the location for both robot and landmarks while simultaneously building the map. From the results of simulation, H infin filter produces better outcome than the Kalman filter especially in the linear case estimation. As a result, H infin filter may provides another available estimation methods with the capability to ensure and improve estimation for the robotic mapping problem especially in SLAM.
This paper deals with GIMC (generalized internal model control) structure based anti-windup (AW) control systemdesign. First, we setup a L 2 performance criterion based on GIMC structure for anti-windup control prob...
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This paper deals with GIMC (generalized internal model control) structure based anti-windup (AW) control systemdesign. First, we setup a L 2 performance criterion based on GIMC structure for anti-windup control problems. The design problem is formulated as an optimization problem with a parameter Q. Then we calculate the optimization problem and find an optimal Q. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed method is shown by experimental results for a magnetic suspension system.
Route selection is one of the most important problems for a car navigation system. Given a pair of origin and destination, there are many possible routes. Most current car navigation systems propose the shortest path ...
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Route selection is one of the most important problems for a car navigation system. Given a pair of origin and destination, there are many possible routes. Most current car navigation systems propose the shortest path ...
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Route selection is one of the most important problems for a car navigation system. Given a pair of origin and destination, there are many possible routes. Most current car navigation systems propose the shortest path from the origin to the destination. Selecting the shortest path is not a hard problem, but the shortest path is not always what the user wants; what the user really wants to have is the most comfortable route for him or her to drive. In other words, the driver wants to have a car navigation system to propose the subjectively optimal route for him or her. Finding such a route requires enumerating all the possible routes, and is known as a NP-complete problem. In order to reduce computational complexity, we employed a GA to find a (subjectively) quasi-optimal route for the driver. In the previous paper, we reported our attempt to integrate uncomfortable-turns to our GA-based route selection algorithm. Even though GA provided a quasi-optimal route in most cases and certainly much faster than exhaustive search, we have found that the classical Dijkstra algorithm can be used to find subjectively the most comfortable route by changing the data structure. In this paper, we show how the data structure that represents routes can be modified to assist Dijkstra's algorithm to find subjectively optimal driving route. The numerical experiments demonstrate the feasibility of our route selection based on Dijkstra algorithm with extended data structure.
We have been studied the VPEX (via programmable logic using exclusive or array) architecture whose logic element (LE) consist of the combination of AOI21, NOR and NOT gates. We adopted ¿configurable DFF architect...
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We have been studied the VPEX (via programmable logic using exclusive or array) architecture whose logic element (LE) consist of the combination of AOI21, NOR and NOT gates. We adopted ¿configurable DFF architecture¿ which means that a DFF can be configured using few LEs on demand. In the former VPEX architecture called VPEX1, 4 LEs are needed to configure a DFF. In the new VPEX architecture called VPEX2, a DFF can be composed of 2 LEs by applying novel technique in which NOR gate is changed to 2 transmission gates by the isolation of active region. The sample circuits area are 20-30% decreased because of the reduction of DFF area. Furthermore, auxiliary NOT gate is attached to the LE, and the circuit composition for 6 logic functions are optimized. The gate delay time for optimized logic functions are decreased by 20-50%. These data suggests that the VPEX2 LE will be a good candidate for practical via-programmable logic devices.
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