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IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on communications, computers and Signal Processing

作者： Y. Kitaguchi A. Machizawa M. Tsuru H. Fukuoka K. Hakozaki JGN Project Telecommunications Advancement Organization of Japan Tokyo Japan Research and Development Network Promotion group Communications Research Laboratories Tokyo Japan Department of Computer Science and electronics Kyushu Institute of Technology Kitakyushu Japan Telecommunications Advancement Organization of Japan Osaka Japan Information Systems Management Laboratory University of Electro-Communications Tokyo Japan

As networks have become an important infrastructure in everyday life in recent years, the need to increase the degree of quality control has also arisen. Because it is necessary to accurately understand the state of the network for quality control, time information on measurement equipment has become important Consequently, we have aimed at improving the precision of time synchronization through the network and propose highly precise time synchronization techniques that utilize network support Two approaches are MQL (maximum queue length) and QTL (queue to live) both employing the suggested "self-discarding packet technique", which is a means of determining transfer by comparing the queue length of the transiting router with a specified queue value on the probing packet. In this paper, we clarify the influence a router has on the precision of time synchronization and report these two approaches and their adaptability.

关键词： Network servers Timing Time measurement Delay effects Quality control Global Positioning system research and development computer science Circuits Protocols

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A reconfigurable digital signal processor architecture for high-efficiency MPEG-4 video encoding

A reconfigurable digital signal processor architecture for h...

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2002 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2002

作者： Chen, Li-Hsun Liu, Wei-Lung Chen, Oscal T. -C. Ma, Ruey-Liang Signal and Media Laboratories Dept. of Electrical Engineering National Chung Cheng Univ Chia-Yi621 Taiwan Computer System Development Dept Computer and Communications Research Labs Industrial Technology Research Institute Hsinchu310 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)0780373049

In this work, the instruction-level and function-level profile analyses of a MPEG-4 video encoder are performed to design a reconfigurable digital signal processor (DSP) architecture. According to the result from the instruction-level profile analysis, the proposed DSP architecture would be lined up with 5 arithmetic logic units (ALUs), 1 multiplier, and 2 load/store units. Such a line-up in the computation units would allow the proposed DSP architecture to have a better parallel processing capability and a higher hardware usage rate in realizing the MPEG-4 video encoder. The result from the function-level profile analysis reveals that the function of motion estimation requires the most computation power. Hence, the proposed DSP architecture reconfigures 4 ALUs and a multiplier to become a functional unit for high parallel processing of motion estimation. This hardware design of motion estimation is primarily dependent on the adders and multiplier of the proposed DSP architecture, plus a few control circuits to convert the computation units. Such arrangement would have less hardware cost than in conventional video processors with specialized functional units for motion estimation. Lastly benchmark analysis and comparison are done between the proposed DSP architecture and TI TMS320C64x architecture. In processing the MPEG-4 video encoder, the proposed DSP architecture is as much as 80% more efficient in computation than the TI TMS320C64x architecture. © 2002 IEEE.

关键词： Motion estimation

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A reconfigurable digital signal processor architecture for high-efficiency MPEG-4 video encoding

A reconfigurable digital signal processor architecture for h...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Li-Hsun Chen Wei-Lung Liu O.T.-C. Chen Ruey-Liang Ma Signal and Media Laboratories Department of Electrical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi Taiwan Computer System Development Department Computer & Communications Research Labs Industrial Technology and Research Institute Hsinchu Taiwan

关键词： Digital signal processors MPEG 4 Standard Encoding computer architecture Digital signal processing Motion estimation Hardware Parallel processing Signal analysis Performance analysis

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A fuzzy inference system for simplifying surfaces with color 2nd

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2nd IEEE Pacific-Rim Conference on Multimedia, IEEE-PCM 2001

作者： Chang, Chin-Chen Yang, Shu-Kai Hsieh, Jun Wei Duan, Ding-Zhou Lin, Ming-Fen Computer and Communications Research Laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute Chutung Hsinchu Taiwan Opto-Electronics and System Laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute Chutung Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)3540426809

A fuzzy inference system is presented in this paper for simplifying surfaces with color. We first propose a fuzzy surface position uncertainty, a fuzzy surface curvature uncertainty and a fuzzy surface color uncertainty to respectively measure the variations of surface position, surface curvature and surface color while simplifying surfaces. We then utilize the TSK fuzzy inference system integrating the proposed fuzzy uncertainties to determine the cost as the criteria of removing a portion of surface models. Experimental results show that our approach does produce high quality approximations of surfaces. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001.

关键词： Color

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Low-power multipliers by minimizing inter-data switching activities

Low-power multipliers by minimizing inter-data switching act...

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Midwest Symposium on Circuits and systems (MWSCAS)

作者： Sandy Wang Yi-Wen Wu O.T.-C. Chen Ruey-Liang Ma Signal and Media Laboratories Department of Electrical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi Taiwan Computer System Development Department Computer & Communications Research Laboratories Industrial Technology and Research Institute Hsinchu Taiwan

By using the radix-4 Booth algorithm, low-power 2's complement multipliers are developed by minimizing inter-data switching activities. Before performing multiplication, one of two input data with a smaller dynamic range is partitioned into Booth codes, thereby increasing probabilities of partial products being zero. In addition, functional blocks for adding zero preserve their previous input states. As compared to the conventional Wallace-tree multiplier, the two 16/spl times/16-bit multipliers proposed herein are demonstrated to have lower power dissipation.

关键词： Dynamic range Power dissipation Decoding Switching circuits Partitioning algorithms Circuits and systems laboratories Microelectronics Power system reliability Arithmetic

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development of New Temperature Control system in the Steelmaking Process 83

Development of New Temperature Control System in the Steelma...

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83rd Steelmaking Conference

作者： Mizuta, Masahiko Kanai, Tatsuo Miyamoto, Masakazu Computer System Technology Department Corporate Research and Development Laboratories Japan Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd. 1-8 Fuso-cho Amagasaki660-0891 Japan Kashima Steel Works Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd. Japan

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Performance improvements of data-link layer protocol in WATM

Performance improvements of data-link layer protocol in WATM

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IEEE International Conference on communications (ICC)

作者： Sungchun Park Sungwon Lee Young-Jae Song Dong-Ho Cho Yong-Bae Dhong Technical research and Development Korea Data Communications KDC Corporation Anyang South Korea IMT-2000 system developmmt group Samsung Electronics Company Limited South Korea Department of Computer Engineering Kyung Hee University South Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology South Korea Korea Electronics and Technology Institute South Korea

In these days, a mobile communication service has high-speed and multimedia characteristics. Due to the high error ratio of wireless link environments, a DLC protocol that is optimized for a wire network could not be used in wireless link environments. Thus, the DLC protocol that is suitable for mobile communication environments is required. To solve these problems, we propose an efficient WATM DLC layer protocol. The proposed DLC protocol could support various traffic attributes of high-speed multimedia services. That is, the proposed DLC layer protocol provides a piggyback response, the multiple-ack, and a multiple retransmission mechanism based on SR-ARQ. Also, an outband retransmission scheme using dynamic bandwidth is provided for the delay sensitive service and multi-copy transmission is applied in seriously faded radio environments such as handover. According to the simulation results, the suggested schemes show a better performance than the conventional SR-ARQ protocol in view of the cell transmission delay and throughput.

关键词： Wireless application protocol Delay Forward error correction Data communication Throughput Wireless sensor networks Automatic repeat request Mobile communication Error correction Testing

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Power consumption of a 2's complement adder minimized by effective dynamic data ranges

Power consumption of a 2's complement adder minimized by eff...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and systems (ISCAS)

作者： R. Sheen S. Wang O.T.-C. Chen Ruey-Liang Ma Signal and Media Laboratories Department of Electrical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi Taiwan Computer System Development Department Computer & Communication Research Laboratory Industrial Technology and Research Institute Hsinchu Taiwan

Typically, two's complement is chosen to represent numbers since arithmetic operations of addition and subtraction are easy to perform. However, due to sign extension, an arithmetic operation for small dynamic data ranges may require switching power in the entire word length. Herein, we develop a two's complement adder with the dynamic-range determination and sign-extension units to reduce power consumption. According to the actual data range by minimizing sign-extension bits, only partial functional blocks of an adder are active to generate a final result of which sign bit is then extended to match the original word length. Experimental results demonstrate that our 32-bit carry-lookahead adder has 22.9% power reduction than the conventional one while dynamic ranges of input data are the Gaussian distribution with a mean of 16 bits and a standard deviation of 8 bits.

关键词： Energy consumption Dynamic range Adders Communication switching Arithmetic Capacitance Power dissipation Voltage Frequency laboratories

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Exciton localization in InGaN quantum well devices

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Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics Processing and Phenomena 1998年第4期16卷 2204-2204页

作者： Chichibu, Shigefusa Sota, Takayuki Wada, Kazumi Nakamura, Shuji Materials Department University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 Faculty of Science and Technology Science University of Tokyo Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering Waseda University Shinjuku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan Compound Semiconductor Materials Research NTT System Electronics Laboratories Atsugi Kanagawa 243-0198 Japan Department of Research and Development Nichia Chemical Industries Limited Kaminaka Anan Tokushima 774-8601 Japan

Emission mechanisms of a device-quality quantum well (QW) structure and bulk three dimensional (3D) InGaN materials grown on sapphire substrates without any epitaxial lateral overgrown GaN base layers were investigated. The InxGa1−xN layers showed various degrees of in-plane spatial potential (band gap) inhomogeneity, which is due to a compositional fluctuation or a few monolayers thickness fluctuation. The degree of fluctuation changed remarkably around a nominal InN molar fraction x=0.2, which changes to nearly 0.08–0.1 for the strained InxGa1−xN. This potential fluctuation induces localized energy states both in the QW and 3D InGaN, showing a large Stokes-like shift. The spontaneous emission from undoped InGaN single QW light-emitting diodes (LEDs), undoped 3D LEDs, and multiple QW (MQW) laser diode (LD) wafers was assigned as being due to the recombination of excitons localized at the potential minima, whose lateral size was determined by cathodoluminescence mapping to vary from less than 60 to 300 nm in QWs. Those structures are referred to as quantum disks (Q disks) or segmented QWs depending on the lateral size. Blueshift of the emission peak by an increase of the driving current was explained to be combined effects of band filling of the localized states by excitons and Coulomb screening of the quantum confined Stark effect induced by the piezoelectric field. The lasing mechanisms of the continuous wave In0.15Ga0.85N MQW LDs having small potential fluctuations can be described by the well-known electron-hole-plasma (EHP) picture. However, the inhomogeneous MQW LDs are considered to lase by EHP in segmented QWs or Q disks. It is desirable to use entire QW planes with small potential inhomogeneity as gain media for higher performance LD operation.

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DC-to-mm-wave absolute potential measurements inside digital microwave ICs using a micromachined photoconductive sampling probe

DC-to-mm-wave absolute potential measurements inside digital...

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Microwave, MTT-S International Symposium

作者： G. David J.F. Whitaker T.R. Weatherford K. Jobe S. Meyer M. Bustamante W. Goyette S. Thomas K. Elliott Center of Ultrafast Optical Science and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Naval Postgraduate School Monterrey CA USA Hughes Space and Communications Company Los Angeles CA USA TRW Avionics System San Diego CA USA Hughes Research Laboratories Inc. Malibu CA USA

A micromachined photoconductive sampling probe is used to determine detailed wave forms at different circuit nodes and corresponding propagation delays from within an InP HBT frequency divider operating at 2.7 GHz. The results demonstrate for the first time the capability of photoconductive probes for absolute-voltage, DC-coupled potential measurements in integrated circuits.

关键词： Microwave measurements Probes Sampling methods Photoconductivity Photoconducting devices Circuits Spatial resolution Optical sensors Ultrafast optics Aerospace electronics

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