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Selecting the optimal system: Automated design of application-specific systems-on-chip

Selecting the optimal system: Automated design of applicatio...

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4th International Workshop on Network on Chip architectures, NoCArc 2011, in Conjunction with the 44th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture, MICRO44

作者： Almer, Oscar Gould, Miles Topham, Nigel Franke, Björn Institute for Computer Systems Architecture School of Informatics University of Edinburgh 10 Crichton Street EH9 8AB Edinburgh United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781450309479

Specialising systems-on-Chip (SOCs) for a particular application is an effective way of increasing the performance achievable for a given level of energy consumption. In fact, silicon manufacture costs are low enough that small, custom, entirely digital designs, up to and including multi-core microprocessor designs, can be manufactured cheaply in short manufacturing runs. Non-recurring engineering (Nre) costs are still prohibitive due to the high level of experience required from the design engineer and the vast size of the design space. This is even true when only pre-verified Commercial Off-the-Shelf (Cots) Intellectual Property (ip) blocks are used in the SoC design. In this paper we present a novel machine-learning based method of generating an application-specific SoC design and configuration. This approach is fully automated and can generate near-optimal application-specific SoC designs within hours rather than weeks and, hence, reduce both Nre costs and time-to-market significantly. Our methodology profiles key application characteristics using simulation of a small number of test systems and machine-learning based prediction to find likely optimal system designs for a given target application. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our automated design methodology using 82 workload applications, generate SoC designs with up to 10 cores and 8 memory banks, and show that our classifier averages up to 92% of the optimal design performance across our applications. © 2011 ACM.

关键词： Network-on-chip

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CRDMAC: An effective circular RTR directional MAC protocol for wireless ad hoc networks

CRDMAC: An effective circular RTR directional MAC protocol f...

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2011 7th International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Networks, MSN 2011

作者： Lu, Huang Li, Jie Dong, Zhongping Ji, Yusheng Department of Computer Science University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Science City Japan Information Systems Architecture Science Research Div. National Institute of Informatics Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9780769546100

Directional antennas in wireless ad hoc networks (WANETs) offer great potential to reduce the radio interference, and improve the communication throughput. Using directional antennas, however, introduces a new problem in the wireless media access control (MAC), deafness, which may cause severe performance degradation. To solve the deafness problem, in this paper, we propose a novel CRDMAC protocol by using a sub-transmission channel and RTR (Ready To Receive) packets, which modifies the IEEE 802.11 distributed coordinated function. The sub-channel avoids collisions to other ongoing transmission and the RTR packets notify the neighbors that the mutual transmission has finished. The proposed MAC protocol decreases the binary exponential back off time of the waiting nodes. We evaluate our protocol through simulations. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol outperforms the existing DMAC (directional MAC) protocol and the CRCM (Circular RTS and CTS MAC) protocol in terms of throughput and packet drop rate. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Medium access control

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VoIP quality monitoring in LTE femtocells

VoIP quality monitoring in LTE femtocells

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12th IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management, IM 2011

作者： Olariu, Cristian Foghlú, Mícheál Ó. Perry, Philip Murphy, Liam Telecommunication Software and Systems Group Waterford Institute of Technology Cork Road Waterford Ireland School of Computer Science and Informatics University College Dublin Belfield 4 Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9781424492213

The increasing number of users demanding voice and data communication through cellular networks has driven the need for higher network throughput rates and lower latency. LTE femtocells address this pressing problem by offloading cellular service providers networks and increase both coverage and capacity for their users. Assuming a wired DSL backhaul for these femtocells, this paper shows simulations exploring a case where the DSLAM represents the main bottleneck when the cellular network operator and the DSL provider do not collaborate. This paper introduces the concept of Intermediary Mean Opinion Score which may be employed at femtocell gateways to isolate network problems and feed into customer experience management. We also propose and investigate a technique of mapping the human audio recency into the MOS calculation. Results are presented to illustrate the information that can be extracted from a lightweight monitor in the network. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Network management

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Towards an ESL design framework for adaptive and fault-tolerant MPSoCs: MADNESS or not?

Towards an ESL design framework for adaptive and fault-toler...

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2011 9th IEEE Symposium on Embedded systems for Real-Time Multimedia, ESTIMedia 2011

作者： Cannella, Emanuele Di Gregorio, Lorenzo Fiorin, Leandro Lindwer, Menno Melonr, Paolo Neugebauer, Olaf Pimentel, Andy Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science Leiden University Netherlands Lantiq Deutschland GmbH Neubiberg Germany ALaRI Faculty of Informatics University of Lugano Switzerland Silicon Hive BV High Tech Campus 83 5656 AG Eindhoven Netherlands DIEE Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy Informatik Centrum Dortmund Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Str. 20 Dortmund Germany Computer Systems Architecture Group Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781457721236

The MADNESS project aims at the definition of innovative system-level design methodologies for embedded MP-SoCs, extending the classic concept of design space exploration in multi-application domains to cope with high heterogeneity, technology scaling and system reliability. The main goal of the project is to provide a framework able to guide designers and researchers to the optimal composition of embedded MPSoC architectures, according to the requirements and the features of a given target application field. The proposed approach will tackle the new challenges, related to both architecture and design methodologies, arising with the technology scaling, the system reliability and the ever-growing computational needs of modern applications. The methodologies proposed with this project act at different levels of the design flow, enhancing the state-of-the art with novel features in system-level synthesis, architectural evaluation and prototyping. Support for fault resilience and efficient adaptive runtime management is introduced at hardware and middleware level, and considered by the system-level synthesis as one of the optimization factors to be taken into account. This paper presents the first stable results obtained in the MADNESS project, already demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed methods. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Middleware

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Fast subgraph isomorphism detection for graph-based retrieval

Fast subgraph isomorphism detection for graph-based retrieva...

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19th International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning, ICCBR 2011

作者： Weber, Markus Langenhan, Christoph Roth-Berghofer, Thomas Liwicki, Marcus Dengel, Andreas Petzold, Frank GmbH Trippstadter Straße 122 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany Knowledge-Based Systems Group Department of Computer Science University of Kaiserslautern P.O. Box 3049 67653 Kaiserslautern Germany Department of Architectural Informatics Faculty of Architecture Technical University of Munich Arcisstrasse 21 80333 Munich Germany Explanation-aware Computing Systems Institute of Computer Science University of Hildesheim Marienburger Platz 22 31141 Hildesheim Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642232909

In this paper we present a method for a graph-based retrieval and its application in architectural floor plan retrieval. The proposed method is an extension of a well-known method for subgraph matching. This extension significantly reduces the storage amount and indexing time for graphs where the nodes are labeled with a rather small amount of different classes. In order to reduce the number of possible permutations, a weight function for labeled graphs is introduced and a well-founded total order is defined on the weights of the labels. Inversions which violate the order are not allowed. A computational complexity analysis of the new preprocessing is given and its completeness is proven. Furthermore, in a number of practical experiments with randomly generated graphs the improvement of the new approach is shown. In experiments performed on random sample graphs, the number of permutations has been decreased to a fraction of 10-18 in average compared to the original approach by Messmer. This makes indexing of larger graphs feasible, allowing for fast detection of subgraphs. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Graph theory

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Theoretical treatment of sink scheduling problem in wireless sensor networks

Theoretical treatment of sink scheduling problem in wireless...

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2011 IEEE Conference on computer Communications Workshops, INFOCOM WKSHPS 2011

作者： Gu, Yu Ji, Yusheng Li, Jie Zhao, Baohua Information Systems Architecture Science Research Division National Institute of Informatics Tokyo Japan State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing 100876 China School of Computer Science Univ. of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China Department of Computer Science University of Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781457702488

Sink Scheduling, in the form of scheduling multiple sinks among sink sites to leverage traffic burden, is an effective mechanism for the energy-efficiency of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Due to the inherent difficulty (NP-hard in general), existing works on this topic mainly focus on heuristic/greedy algorithms and theoretic results remain unknown. In this paper, we fill in the research blank with two algorithms. The first one is based on the Column Generation (CG). It decomposes the original problem into two sub problems and solve them iteratively to approach the optimal solution. However, due to its high computational complexity, this algorithm is only suitable for small scale networks. The other one is a polynomial-time algorithm based on relaxation techniques to obtain an upperbound, which can serve as a performance benchmark for other algorithms on this problem. Through comprehensive simulations, we evaluate the efficiency of proposed algorithms. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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A novel accurate forest fire detection system using wireless sensor networks

A novel accurate forest fire detection system using wireless...

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2011 7th International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Networks, MSN 2011

作者： Liu, Yongsheng Gu, Yu Chen, Guolong Ji, Yusheng Li, Jie Graduate School of System and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Science City 305-8573 Japan Information Systems Architecture Science Research Division National Institute of Informatics Tokyo Japan College of Mathematics and Computer Science Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769546100

A forest fire has long been a severe threat to the forest resources and human life. The threat could effectively be mitigated by timely and accurate detection. In this paper, we propose a novel accurate forest fire detection system using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In the proposed system, the detection accuracy is increased by applying the multi-criteria detection that an alarm decision depends on multiple attributes of a forest fire. The multi-criteria detection is implemented by the artificial neural network which fuses sensing data corresponding to multiple attributes of a forest fire into an alarm decision. Due to the utilization of the artificial neural network, the proposed system enjoys low overhead and the self-learning capability. Furthermore, we have developed a prototype consisting TelosB sensor nodes and carried out extensive experiments to study the performance of the proposed system. We have also developed a solar battery in order to persistently power the unattended sensor node deployed in the forest. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Fires

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VoIP quality monitoring in LTE femtocells

VoIP quality monitoring in LTE femtocells

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IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management

作者： Cristian Olariu Mícheál Ó Foghlú Philip Perry Liam Murphy Telecommunication Software and Systems Group Waterford Institute of Technology Waterford Ireland School of Computer Science and Informatics University College Dublin Ireland

关键词： Femtocells Broadband communication Delay informatics Ear Switches Estimation

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Towards dependability-aware design of hardware systems using extended program state machines

Towards dependability-aware design of hardware systems using...

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2011 14th IEEE International Symposium on Object/Component/Service-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing Workshops, ISORCW 2011

作者： Grüttner, Kim Herrholz, Andreas Kühne, Ulrich Große, Daniel Rettberg, Achim Nebel, Wolfgang Drechsler, Rolf OFFIS - Institute for Information Technology HW/SW Design Methodology Group Oldenburg Germany CoSynth GmbH and Co. KG Oldenburg Germany LSV ENS de Cachan Cachan France University of Bremen Group for Computer Architecture Bremen Germany Carl Von Ossietzky University Oldenburg Embedded Hardware/Software Systems Oldenburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543772

Due to the continuous shrinking of the transistor sizes which is strongly driven by Moore's law, reliability becomes a dominant design challenge for embedded systems. Reliability problems arise from permanent errors due to manufacturing, process variations, aging as well as soft errors. As a result, the hardware will consist of unreliable components and hence, the development of embedded systems has to change fundamentally. Therefore, we propose a dependability-aware design approach for hardware systems through integrating dependability into a state-of-the-art system-level design language. Our approach is based on SystemC and extends the Program State Machine model to explicitly observe, diagnose, and compensate faulty behavior. Different compensation mechanisms like run-time reconfiguration or mechanisms for error propagation can be used by the designer during refinement. They are controlled by a new exception-like mechanism. Furthermore, our approach aims to integrate functional verification as well as dependability verification with respect to given fault models. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Embedded systems

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Feature extraction for underwater visual SLAM

Feature extraction for underwater visual SLAM

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OCEANS - Europe

作者： Josep Aulinas Marc Carreras Xavier Llado Joaquim Salvi Rafael Garcia Ricard Prados Yvan R. Petillot Computer Vision and Robotics Group Institute of Informatics and Applications University of Girona Girona Spain Oceans Systems Laboratory School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh UK

Detecting and selecting proper landmarks is a key issue to solve Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). In this work, we present a novel approach to perform this landmark detection. Our approach is based on using three sources of information: 1) three-dimensional topological information from SLAM; 2) context information to characterize regions of interest (RoI); and 3) features extracted from these RoIs. Topological information is taken from the SLAM algorithm, i.e. the three-dimensional approximate position of the landmark with a certain level of uncertainty. Contextual information is obtained by segmenting the image into background and RoIs. Features extracted from points of interest are then computed by using common feature extractors such as SIFT and SURF. This information is used to associate new observations with known landmarks obtained from previous observations. The proposed approach is tested under a real unstructured underwater environment using the SPARUS AUV. Results demonstrate the validity of our approach, improving map consistency.

关键词： Feature extraction Simultaneous localization and mapping Cameras Robustness Vehicles Uncertainty Optical imaging

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