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17th International Conference on World Wide Web 2008, WWW'08

作者： Freudenstei, Patrick Nussbaumer, Martin Allerding, Florian Gaedke, Martin Institute of Telematics D-76128 Karlsruhe Germany Institute of Applied Informatics and Formal Description Methods D-76128 Karlsruhe Germany Chemnitz University of Technology Distributed and Self-organizing Computer Systems Group D-09107 Chemnitz Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781605580852

Complex dialogs with comprehensive underlying data models are gaining increasing importance in today's Web applications. This in turn accelerates the need for highly dynamic dialogs offering guidance to the users and thus reducing cognitive overload. Beyond that, requirements from the fields of aesthetics, Web accessibility, platform-independence, and Web service integration arise. To this end, we present an evolutionary, extensible approach for the model-driven construction of advanced dialogs. It is based on a Domain-specific Language (DSL) focusing on simplicity and fostering collaboration with stakeholders.

关键词： Websites

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A service-oriented approach for increasing flexibility in manufacturing

A service-oriented approach for increasing flexibility in ma...

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IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication systems (WFCS)

作者： Christin Groba Iris Braun Thomas Springer Martin Wollschlaeger Institute for Systems Architecture Computer Networks Group Technische Universität Germany Institute for Applied Computer Science Industrial Communications Group Technische Universität Germany

Manufacturing environments are characterized by a multitude of heterogeneous devices, networks, specific protocols and applications. Therefore, static structures, close coupling and vendor-specific solutions have been established over decades. To increase flexibility and interoperability we introduce a service-oriented middleware approach in form of an integration layer between shop-floor equipment and enterprise applications. The integration layer addresses the actual capabilities and data flows on the field and control layer individually. It offers core services that are applicable in several manufacturing domains. We describe a detailed case study to discuss pros and cons of a SOA approach in manufacturing systems and to show the feasibility of our approach.

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Impact of anthropogenic disturbance on a mangrove forest assessed by a id cellular automaton model using lotka-volterra-type competition

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International Journal of Design and Nature and Ecodynamics 2008年第4期3卷 296-320页

作者： Obade, P.T. Koedam, N. Soetaert, K. Neukermans, G. Bogaert, J. Nyssen, E. Van Nedervelde, F. Berger, U. Dahdouh-Guebas, F. Belgium Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute Kenya Netherlands Belgium Department of Electronics and Informatics Image Processing and Machine Vision Group VUB Belgium Département de Biologie des Organismes Faculté des Sciences Complexité et Dynamique des Systèmes Tropicaux Belgium Department of Forest Biometry and Systems Analysis Institute of Forest Growth and Forest Computer Sciences Technische Universität Dresden Germany

Mangrove forests are ecologically and economically important and frequently dominating protected coastal areas in the tropics and subtropics at suitable intertidal zones and are often subjected to disturbances that disrupt the structure of an ecosystem, that change resource availability and that create patterns in vegetation by producing a mosaic of serai stages that ecologists have long recognised as important to landscape-level patch mosaics. Several good reasons justify the need for pursuing a predictive understanding of the ecology of mangrove species competition including the role of disturbance events and the aftermath. A predictive understanding can challenge our assumptions concerning the factors that control plant distribution and abundance and provide techniques for predicting rates of species change ranges in response to disturbances. The aim of this study was to evaluate and predict the impact of canopy disturbances on Gazi Bay mangrove forests and the subsequent vegetation patterns both spatially and temporally. The use of a simple 1D cellular automaton provided a detailed and nearly comprehensive parameterisation of the model by forest structure parameters belonging to the standard measurements of mangrove field surveys. In the study presented, the field data were obtained for disturbance impacts at various spatial scales considering not only the spatial extent of the disturbance but also its particular location. For this, multiple sampling transects were selected a priori, based on the vegetation patterns observed on Quickbird satellite image (2002) of Gazi, to reflect major ecological zones and vegetation transitions in space. Earlier field studies already revealed different population trajectories in some cases for the same pairwise species interactions, which are consistent with the hypothesis that different scales of disturbances may affect succession trends. Simulation experiments supported these findings by demonstrating that varying disturbance

关键词： Forecasting

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Translating multiscale cancer models into clinical trials: Simulating breast cancer tumor dynamics within the framework of the "Trial of Principle" clinical trial and the ACGT project

Translating multiscale cancer models into clinical trials: S...

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8th IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and BioEngineering, BIBE 2008

作者： Kolokotroni, Eleni A. Stamatakos, Georgios S. Dionysiou, Dimitra D. Georgiadi, Eleni Ch. Desmedt, Christine Graf, Norbert M. National Technical University of Athens Institute of Communication and Computer Systems In Silico Oncology Group Iroon Polytechniou 9 Zografos GR-157 80 Greece Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas Institute of Computer Science Biomedical Informatics Laboratory N. Plastira 100 Vassilika Vouton GR-700 13 Heraklion Crete Greece Institut Jules Bordet - Centre des Tumeurs rue Héger Bordet 1 1000 Bruxelles Belgium University Hospital of the Saarland Paediatric Haematology and Oncology D-66421 Homburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424428458

The potential of cancer multilevel modeling has been particularly emphasized over the past years. Integration of multiscale experimental and clinical information pertaining to cancer via advanced computer models seems to considerably accelerate optimization of cancer treatment in the patient individualized context. However, a sine qua non prerequisite for such models to reach clinical practice is to be thoroughly tested through clinical trials for validation and optimization purposes. This is one of the major goals of the European Commission funded "Advancing Clinico-Genomic Trials on Cancer" (ACGT) project. This paper presents a discrete state based, four dimensional, multiscale tumor dynamics model that has been specially developed by the In Silico Oncology group in order to mimick the Trial Of Principle (TOP) clinical trial concerning breast cancer treated with epirubicin. The TOP trial constitutes one of the ACGT clinical trials. A substantial part of the model can address other tumor types as well. The actual pseudoanonymized imaging, histopathological, molecular and clinical data of the patient are exploited. Special emphasis is put on the effect of cancer stem/clonogenic, progenitor, differentiated and dead cells, the cell category transition rates and the cell category relative populations within the tumor from the treatment baseline onwards. The importance of adaptation of the cell category relative populations to the cell category transition rates for free tumor growth is revealed and the concept of a pertinent nomogram is introduced. A method which ensures adaptation of these two sets of entities at the beginning of the simulation execution is proposed and subsequently successfully applied. Convergence and code checking issues are addressed. Indicative parametric/sensitivity studies are presented along with specific numerical findings. The model's behavior substantiates its potential to serve as the basis of a treatment optimization system following an ev

关键词： Genome

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A Robust Descriptor based on Weber's Law

A Robust Descriptor based on Weber's Law

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26th IEEE Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2008), vol.8

作者： Jie Chen Shiguang Shan Guoying Zhao Xilin Chen Wen Gao Matti Pietikainen School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Machine Vision Group Department of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Oulu Finland Languages Informatics Systems and Software Engineering Department Faculty of Computer Science Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China

Inspired by Weber's Law, this paper proposes a simple, yet very powerful and robust local descriptor, Weber Local Descriptor (WLD). It is based on the fact that human perception of a pattern depends on not only the change of a stimulus (such as sound, lighting, et al.) but also the original intensity of the stimulus. Specifically, WLD consists of two components: its differential excitation and orientation. A differential excitation is a function of the ratio between two terms: One is the relative intensity differences of its neighbors against a current pixel;the other is the intensity of the current pixel. An orientation is the gradient orientation of the current pixel. For a given image, we use the differential excitation and the orientation components to construct a concatenated WLD histogram feature. Experimental results on Brodatz textures show that WLD impressively outperforms the other classical descriptors (e.g., Gabor). Especially, experimental results on face detection show a promising performance. Although we train only one classifier based on WLD features, the classifier obtains a comparable performance to state-of-the-art methods on MIT+CMU frontal face test set, AR face dataset and CMU profile test set.

关键词： Robustness Face detection Humans Content addressable storage Testing Psychology Laboratories Machine intelligence Information processing computers

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Reports of the AAAI 2008 Spring Symposia

Reports of the AAAI 2008 Spring Symposia

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作者： Balduccini, Marcello Baral, Chitta Brodaric, Boyan Colton, Simon Fox, Peter Gutelius, David Hinkelman, Knut Horswill, Ian Huberman, Bernardo Hudlicka, Eva Lerman, Kristina Lisetti, Christine McGuinness, Deborah Maher, Mary Lou Musen, Mark A. Sahami, Mehran Sleeman, Derek Thönssen, Barbara Velasquez, Juan Ventura, Dan Eastman Kodak Company Arizona State University Tempe AZ United States Geological Survey of Canada Department of Computing Imperial College London United Kingdom National Center for Atmospheric Research Artificial Intelligence Center SRI International Menlo Park CA United States University of Applied Sciences Zurich Switzerland Department of Computer Science Northwestern University Evanston IL United States Social Computing Lab. Hewlett-Packard Laboratories Psychometric Associates USC Information Sciences Institute University of Southern California Los Angeles CA United States Computer Science Department University of Southern California Los Angeles CA United States School of Computing and Information Sciences Florida International University Miami FL United States Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Information and Intelligent Systems Division National Science Foundation University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Faculty of Architecture Design and Planning University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Department of Medicine Biomedica Informatics Research Department Stanford University Stanford CA United States Computer Science Department Stanford University Stanford CA United States Department of Computing Science University of Aberdeen Aberdeen United Kingdom MIT CSAIL Department of Computer Science Brigham Young University Provo UT United States

The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) was pleased to present the AAAI 2008 Spring Symposium Series, held Wednesday through Friday, March 26-28, 2008, at Stanford University, California. The eight symposia were titled (1) AI Meets Business Rules and Process Management, (2) architectures for Intelligent Theory-Based Agents, (3) Creative Intelligent systems, (4) Emotion, Personality, and Social Behavior, (5) Semantic Scientific Knowledge Integration, (6) Social Information Processing, (7) Symbiotic Relationships between Semantic Web and Knowledge Engineering, (8) Using Al to Motivate Greater Participation in computer Science. The goal of the AI Meets Business Rules and Process Management AAAI symposium was to investigate the various approaches and standards to represent business rules, business process management, and the semantic web with respect to expressiveness and reasoning capabilities. The focus of the architectures ror Intelligent Theory-Based Agents AAAI symposium was the definition or architectures for intelligent theory-based agents, comprising languages, knowledge representation methodologies, reasoning algorithms, and control loops. The Creative Intelligent systems symposium included five major discussion sessions and a general poster session (in which all contributing papers were presented). The purpose of this symposium was to explore the synergies between creative cognition and intelligent systems. The goal of the Emotion, Personality, and Social Behavior symposium was to examine fundamental issues in affect and personality in both biological and artificial agents, focusing on the roles of these factors in mediating social behavior. The Semantic Scientific Knowledge Integration symposium brought together the semantic technologies community with the scientific information technology community in an effort to build the general semantic science information community. The Social Information Processing symposium's goal was to

关键词： Knowledge representation

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Signature-based Microprocessor Power Modeling for Rapid System-level Design Space Exploration

Signature-based Microprocessor Power Modeling for Rapid Syst...

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Embedded systems for Real-Time Multimedia (ESTIMedia)

作者： Peter van Stralen Andy D. Pimentel Computer Systems Architecture group Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam Computer Systems Architecture group Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam Netherlands

This paper presents a technique for high-level power estimation of microprocessors. The technique, which is based on abstract execution profiles called 'event signatures', operates at a higher level of abstraction than commonly-used instruction-level power simulators and should thus be capable of achieving good evaluation performance. We have compared our power estimation results to those from the instruction-level simulator Wattch. In these experiments, we demonstrate that with a good underlying power model, the signature-based power modeling technique can yield accurate estimations (a mean error of 5.5 percent compared to Wattch in our experiments). At the same time, the power estimations based on our event signature technique are at least an order of magnitude faster than with Wattch.

关键词： Microprocessors Power system modeling System-level design Space exploration computer architecture Application software Computational modeling Hardware Discrete event simulation Analytical models

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Orient-2: A realtime wireless posture tracking system using local orientation estimation 07

Orient-2: A realtime wireless posture tracking system using ...

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4th Workshop on Embedded Networked Sensors, EmNets 2007

作者： Young, A.D. Ling, M.J. Arvind, D.K. Institute of Computer Systems Architecture School of Informatics University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3JZ United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781595936943

A realtime posture tracking system has been developed using a network of compact wireless sensor devices worn by the user. Each device is a complete inertial/magnetic tracking unit which performs in situ orientation estimation based on its own sensor readings, using a complementary quaternion-based filter. Compared to existing systems which transmit raw sensor data to a PC for processing, it is shown that this technique reduces bandwidth requirements by 79% for typical usage. In combination with a time division multiple access scheme, this reduction allows for full-body tracking using 15 devices at a 64Hz update rate through a single 250kbps receiver. The data is applied to a rigid body model of the subject to provide a realtime display, and can be exported for use in major animation packages.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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Evaluating the Design of Biological Cells Using a computer Workbench

Evaluating the Design of Biological Cells Using a Computer W...

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Annual Symposium on Simulation

作者： Tessa E. Pronk Simon Polstra Andy D. Pimentel Timo M. Breit Integrative BioInformatics Unit Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences University of Amsterdam Netherlands Computer Systems Architecture Group Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam Netherlands

For embedded systems as well as for biological cell systems, design is a feature that defines their identity. The assembly of different components in designs of both systems can vary widely. Given the similarities between computers and cellular systems, methods and models of computation from the domain of computer systems engineering might be applied to modeling cellular systems. Our aim is to construct a framework that focuses on understanding the design options and consequences within a cell, taking an in silico (forward-) engineering approach rather than a reverse engineering approach that is used in this domain as a default now. We take our ideas from the domain of embedded computer systems. The most important features of our approach, as taken from this domain, are a variable abstraction level of components that allows for addition of components when detailed information is lacking, and a separation of concerns between function and performance by components in the design. This allows for efficient and flexible modeling. Also, there is a strict separation between computation within- and communication between components, reducing complexity. As a proof of principle, we show that we can make a statement regarding the design of the gene expression machinery of the cell to produce a protein, using such a method

关键词： Biological cells Biology computing Biological system modeling Embedded system Assembly systems Computational modeling systems engineering and theory Design engineering Reverse engineering Embedded computing

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Data access and management in ACGT: tools to solve syntactic and semantic heterogeneities between clinical and image databases 07

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Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Advances in conceptual modeling: foundations and applications

作者： Luis Martín Erwin Bonsma Alberto Anguita Jeroen Vrijnsen Miguel García-Remesal José Crespo Manolis Tsiknakis Víctor Maojo Biomedical Informatics Group Artificial Intelligence Laboratory School of Computer Science Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Boadilla del Monte Madrid Spain Phillips Research Healthcare System Architecture Eindhoven The Netherlands Center of eHealth Technologies Institute of Computer Science Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas Heraklion Crete Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9783540762911

Recent changes in data management within post-genomic clinical trials have emphasized the need for novel methods and tools to solve semantic and syntactic heterogeneities among distributed sources of information. ACGT is an Integrated Project funded by the European Commission that aims at building a GRID-based platform comprised by a set of tools to support multicentric post-genomic clinical trials on cancer. The main goal of ACGT is to provide seamless access to heterogeneous sources of information. For this purpose, two core tools were developed and included in the ACGT architecture: the ACGT Semantic Mediator (ACGT-SM), and the Data Access Wrappers (ACGT-DAWs). The ACGT-SM addresses semantics and schema integration, while the ACGT-DAWs cope with syntactic heterogeneities. Once the sources are bridged together, they can be seamlessly accessed using the RDQL query *** tested our tools using a set of three relational and DICOM based image sources obtaining promising results.

关键词： DICOM ontologies semantic mediation database integration clinical trial databases

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