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arXiv 2024年

作者： Park, Jusung Park, Seungkyun Kim, Kyuho Kwak, Jeonghun Yu, Sunkyu Park, Namkyoo Photonic Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Intelligent Wave Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center SOFT Foundry Institute Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Light behaviours in disordered materials have been of research interest primarily at length scales beyond or comparable to the wavelength of light, because order and disorder are often believed to be almost indistinguishable in the subwavelength regime according to effective medium theory (EMT). However, it was recently demonstrated that the breakdown of EMT occurs even at deep-subwavelength scales when interface phenomena, such as the Goos-Hänchen effect, dominate light flows. Here we develop the engineering of disordered multilayers at deep-subwavelength scales to achieve angle-selective manipulation of wave localization. To examine the disorder-dependent EMT breakdown, we classify the intermediate regime of microstructural phases between deep-subwavelength crystals and uncorrelated disorder through the concept of stealthy hyperuniformity (SHU). In this classification, we devise nontrivial order-to-disorder transitions by selectively tailoring the short-range and long-range order in SHU multilayers, achieving angle-selective control of wave localization. The result paves the way to the realization of deep-subwavelength disordered metamaterials, bridging the gap between the fields of disordered photonics and metamaterials. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Multilayers

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Identifying Mild Traumatic Brain Injury via Vision Transformer and Bag of Visual Features

Identifying Mild Traumatic Brain Injury via Vision Transform...

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International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural engineering, CNE

作者： Fatemeh Koochaki Laleh Najafizadeh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Integrated Systems and NeuroImaging Laboratory Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA

Due to lack of established criteria and reliable biomarkers, timely diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has remained a challenging problem. Widefield optical imaging of cortical activity in animals provides a unique opportunity to study injury-induced alterations of brain function. Motivated by the results of medical-imaging studies that employ patch-level-based approaches, this paper proposes to use two patch-based deep learning techniques for classifying brain images of mTBI and healthy Thyl-GCaMP6s transgenic mice. The first approach uses a Bag of Visual Word (BoVW) technique to represent each image as a histogram of local features derived from patches from all training data. The local features are extracted using an unsupervised convolutional autoencoder (CAE). The second approach employs a pre-trained vision transformer (ViT) model. The average accuracy for classifying mTBI and healthy brains for the CAE-BoVW and the ViT are 96.8% and 97.78%, respectively, outperforming results of a convolutional neural network (CNN) model. This work suggests that attention-based models can be utilized for the problem of classifying mTBI and healthy brain images.

关键词： Training Visualization Transfer learning Training data Brain modeling Transformers Optical imaging

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Toward Scene Understanding with Depth and Object-Aware Clustering in Contested Environment 22

Toward Scene Understanding with Depth and Object-Aware Clust...

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22nd IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications, ICMLA 2023

作者： Bhurtel, Manish Siwakoti, Yuba R. Rawat, Danda B. Sadler, Brian M. Fossaceca, John M. Rice, Daniel O. Howard University Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science WashingtonDC United States U.S. Army Research Laboratory AdelphiMD United States Bae Systems Fast Labs BurlingtonMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345346

Scene understanding in a contested battlefield is one of the very difficult tasks for detecting and identifying threats. In a complex battlefield, multiple autonomous robots for multi-domain operations are likely to track the activities of the same threat/objects leading to inefficient and redundant tasks. To address this problem, we propose a novel and effective object clustering framework that takes into account the position and depth of objects scattered in the scene. This framework enables the robot to focus solely on the objects of interest. Our system model incorporates YOLOv5 object detection model (ODM) and a pre-trained depth estimation model (DEM), whose outputs are fed into the KMeans Clustering (KM C) model. To train YOLOv5, we create our own battlefield dataset entitled 'Common Objects in Battlefield (COBA)' which is split into a training dataset and a validation dataset using our customized object-aware stratified 7-fold cross-validation technique. We present the creation of minimum optimal clusters assuming the minimum number of available battlefield robots. These clusters exhibit accurate relative distances among objects, further validating the effectiveness of our approach for depth and object-aware clustering for scene understanding. Overall, our proposed approach facilitates efficient work division among robots, enhances decision-making capabilities, and helps to improve situational awareness in battlefield scenarios. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： clustering depth estimation object detection scene understanding situational awareness task allocation

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Robust Control of Feeding Speed for Coal Mine Tunnel Drilling Machines 25

Robust Control of Feeding Speed for Coal Mine Tunnel Drillin...

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25th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, ICIT 2024

作者： Liu, Xiao Chen, Luefeng Wu, Min Cao, Weihua Lu, Chengda Pedrycz, Witold School of Automation China University of Geosciences Wuhan China School of Automation The Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems The Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Wuhan430074 China University of Alberta Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering EdmontonABT6G 2R3 Canada Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw00-901 Poland Istinye University Department of Computer Engineering Sariyer Istanbul34396 Turkey

Changes in coal seam hardness cause fluctuations in the feed resistance at the drill bit during the drilling process, leading to unstable feeding speed. This paper proposes a robust dynamic output feedback controller to suppress disturbances caused by the variations in coal seam hardness in the feed system. Firstly, an unknown parameter measuring coal seam hardness is introduced, and an uncertain model of the feeding system is established based on the finite element model of the drill string. By designing weighted functions based on industrial field requirements and constructing a generalized plant, the controller achieves loop shaping, reducing the low-frequency impact of coal seam hardness variations on the feed system and suppressing the systems resonance peak. Simulation results demonstrate that the controller effectively suppresses parameter variations and external disturbances caused by changes in coal seam hardness, achieving stable control of the drilling speed. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Robust control

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Implementational Aspects for the Characterization of Low-Inertia in Power systems

Implementational Aspects for the Characterization of Low-Ine...

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2022 North American Power Symposium, NAPS 2022

作者： Baquedano-Aguilar, M.D. Aljohani, Nader Meyn, Sean P. Bretas, Arturo University of Florida Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering GainesvilleFL United States Distributed Systems Group Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665499217

The replacement of conventional generating units with non-conventional renewable energy resources impacts the reliability of power systems. With high integration of renewable-based generation resources, there is a reduction in total system inertia, which could lead to systems with less time to react for frequency restoration in case of unexpected unit failures. Though several power system testbeds are available for studying and analysing different stability phenomena, none are suitable for characterizing, or analyzing low-inertia conditions. In this paper, a power system simulation environment is introduced for investigating control architectures for power grids, with special attention to the impact of high penetration of inverter-based generation resources (IBRs). The testbed is applied to the WSCC 9- bus test system, modified so that a range of IBR penetration levels can be analyzed (from zero to 80%). The testbed is suitable for studying both fast and slow electromechanical phenomena. A conclusion from numerical experiments is that high levels of IBRs do not necessarily result in low-inertia. This is due in part to the layers of control in the grid already in place to avoid frequency excursions. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Renewable energy resources

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A Scenario-Oriented Approach to Energy-Reserve Joint Procurement and Pricing

A Scenario-Oriented Approach to Energy-Reserve Joint Procure...

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作者： Shi, Jiantao Guo, Ye Tong, Lang Wu, Wenchuan Sun, Hongbin Tsinghua University Smart Grid and Renewable Energy Laboratory Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen518071 China Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Power Systems Department of Electrical Engineering Beijing100084 China Cornell University School of Electrical and Computer Engineering IthacaNY14853 United States

We consider some crucial problems related to the secure and reliable operation of power systems with high renewable penetrations: how much reserve should we procure, how should reserve resources distribute among different locations, and how should we price reserve and charge uncertainty sources. These issues have so far been largely addressed empirically. In this paper, we first develop a scenario-oriented energy-reserve co-optimization model, which directly connects reserve procurement with possible outages and load/renewable power fluctuations without the need for empirical reserve requirements. Accordingly, reserve can be optimally procured system-wide to handle all possible future uncertainties with the minimum expected system total cost. Based on the proposed model, marginal pricing approaches are developed for energy and reserve, respectively. Locational uniform pricing is established for energy, and the similar property is also established for the combination of reserve and re-dispatch. In addition, properties of cost recovery for generators and revenue adequacy for the system operator (SO) are also proven. Simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism. © 1969-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Costs

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Robo ludens: Game design techniques applied in HRI experiments

Robo ludens: Game design techniques applied in HRI experimen...

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2021 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, HRI 2021

作者： Muñoz Cardona, John Edison Dautenhahn, Kerstin Systems Design Engineering Department University of Waterloo WaterlooON Canada Electrical and Computer Engineering System Design Engineering Departments University of Waterloo WaterlooON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450382908

Games have been used extensively to study human behavior. Researchers in the field of human-robot interaction (HRI) are becoming more aware of the importance of designing compelling and playful games to study interrelationships among players. Despite the growing interest, the use of game design techniques in the creation of playful experiences for HRI experiments is still in its infancy and more multidisciplinary activities should be promoted to foster the convergence between game research and HRI. This workshop aims at discussing the value of using iterative game design techniques to integrate playful experiences using social robots for HRI experiments. More concretely, we want to explore tools, approaches and methods used in previous experiences for appropriate design of interactive games in HRI. Furthermore, based on previous research, a taxonomy for game design using social robots will be presented and attendees will have access to hands-on material created to facilitate the design of interactive games considering important aspects of the robotic systems to maximize the fun experience. We hope this workshop will bring to HRI researchers, game designers, roboticists, and technology enthusiasts enlightening thoughts and ideas to confront the often complicated and time-demanding process of designing compelling games for HRI experiments. © 2021 Owner/Author.

关键词： Human robot interaction

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What Do People Think of Social Robots and Voice Agents as Public Speaking Coaches?

What Do People Think of Social Robots and Voice Agents as Pu...

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IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (ROMAN)

作者： Delara Forghani Moojan Ghafurian Samira Rasouli Chrystopher L. Nehaniv Kerstin Dautenhahn Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada

Social robots have the potential to serve as coaches for public speaking training. To design successful social robots, it is important to understand the expectations and perceptions of prospective users of such robots. In this paper, we present thematic analyses of comments made by 168 participants in an online study where participants watched videos of agents in the role of a public speaking coach. The study had a between-participant design with three conditions: two conditions with a humanoid social robot in either (1) active listening mode, i.e., using non-verbal backchanneling, or (2) passive listening mode, and (3) a voice assistant agent. The themes identified and discussed can contribute to the development of social robots and other agents as public speaking coaches.

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ProSecutor: Protecting Mobile AIGC Services on Two-Layer Blockchain via Reputation and Contract Theoretic Approaches

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Yinqiu Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Jamalipour, Abbas Shen, Xuemin The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Sydney Australia The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Canada

Mobile AI-Generated Content (AIGC) has achieved great attention in unleashing the power of generative AI and scaling the AIGC services. By employing numerous Mobile AIGC Service Providers (MASPs), ubiquitous and low-latency AIGC services for clients can be realized. Nonetheless, the interactions between clients and MASPs in public mobile networks, pertaining to three key mechanisms, namely MASP selection, payment scheme, and fee-ownership transfer, are unprotected. In this paper, we design the above mechanisms in a systematic approach and present the first blockchain to protect mobile AIGC, called ProSecutor. Specifically, by roll-up and layer-2 channels, ProSecutor forms a two-layer architecture, realizing tamper-proof data recording and atomic fee-ownership transfer with high resource efficiency. Then, we present the Objective-Subjective Service Assessment (OS2A) framework, which effectively evaluates the AIGC services by fusing the objective service quality with the reputation-based subjective experience of the service outcome (i.e., AIGC outputs). Deploying OS2A on ProSecutor, firstly, the MASP selection can be realized by sorting the reputation. Afterward, the contract theory is adopted to optimize the payment scheme and help clients avoid moral hazards in mobile networks. We implement the prototype of ProSecutor on BlockEmulator. Extensive experiments demonstrate that ProSecutor achieves 12.5× throughput and saves 67.5% storage resources compared with BlockEmulator. Moreover, the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed mechanisms are validated. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Blockchain

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Analyzing Infrared Linescan Profiles of Steel Strips for Enhanced Cooling Pattern Prediction

Analyzing Infrared Linescan Profiles of Steel Strips for Enh...

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IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS)

作者： Rubén Usamentiaga Adrian G. Gayo Francisco J. DelaCalle Dario G. Lema Stefano Sfarra Hai Zhang Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Oviedo Gijón Asturias Spain Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics (DIIIE) University of L'Aquila L'Aquila Italy Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Computer Vision and Systems Laboratory (CVSL) Laval University Quebec Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798350372717

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372724

Real-time temperature information is crucial for optimizing cooling processes during steel strip rolling, ensuring the attainment of desired microstructural properties and surface quality at an optimal cooling rate. Infrared line scanners emerge as the preferred choice for temperature measurement in highspeed rolling operations, delivering temperature readings with high resolution and enabling the capture of detailed temperature profiles. By analyzing these profiles, cooling systems can be finely adjusted and precisely controlled to optimize the rolling operation. However, developing effective cooling strategies becomes challenging when dealing with temperature profiles comprising numerous discrete data points, often numbering in the thousands per profile. This study presents an innovative approach that integrates the detection of steel strip boundaries within temperature profiles and subsequent temperature pattern characterization using polynomial fitting. A significant advantage is demonstrated by leveraging the coefficients of Legendre polynomials, which provide a concise description of temperature profile shapes, facilitating straightforward approaches to cooling strategies. By integrating boundary detection with temperature characterization, the system enhances its ability to predict tailored cooling patterns, optimizing cooling efficiency, and enhancing product quality in the manufacturing process. Rigorous testing using both synthetic data and real-world applications in cold and hot rolling validates the proposed system's practical utility and reliability. These results underscore its potential to enhance efficiency and quality in industrial steel manufacturing operations.

关键词： Temperature measurement Temperature sensors Strips Cooling Shape Polynomials Real-time systems Steel Monitoring Testing

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