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2006 6th IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology, IEEE-NANO 2006

作者： Fortes, José A. B. Advanced Computing and Information Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424400783

This presentation considers the impact on logic design and computing of the fundamental unreliability of nanoscale device technologies. In general, these technologies will provide implementations of logic gates and circuits where logic levels are "0" or "1" with some probability related to the error rates of gates and interconnect. In this context, reliable circuit design becomes a problem of maximizing the probability of the correct logic levels of the output of the function implemented by the circuit for the relevant inputs. This presentation reviews some recent results and proposes new ideas for the characterization and design of probabilistic logic. Since the early days of computing it has been well known that the design of reliable arbitrary logic circuits is only possible if individual gates have error rates below some threshold which varies with gate functionality. Using bifurcation analysis of probabilistic gate models, thresholds for different types of gates are derived and their implications for logic design are revisited. Similar techniques are used to analyze multi-gate circuits and the functions they implement. The resulting thresholds provide reliability bounds for the circuits. Also considered are several proposed models for either analyzing reliability or maximizing it. Reference is also made to circuits designed to implement probabilistic computations. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Nanoelectronics

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On packet aggregation mechanisms for improving VoIP quality in mesh networks

On packet aggregation mechanisms for improving VoIP quality ...

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2006 IEEE 63rd Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC 2006-Spring

作者： Kyungtae, Kim Ganguly, Samrat Izmailov, Rauf Sangjin, Hong IP Network and Distributed Systems NEC Laboratories America Princeton NJ 08540 Mobile Systems Design Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering State University of NY Stony Brook NY 11794

ISBN: (纸本)0780393929

Performance in multihop wireless networks is known to degrade with the number of hops for both TCP and UDP traffic. For VoIP, the wireless network presents additional challenges as the perceived quality is dependent on loss, delay and jitter. Furthermore, small size of VoIP packets aggravates network utilization of the 802.11 based wireless mesh network. In this work, we evaluate the packet aggregation algorithms to reduce VoIP protocol overhead, compare the aggregation algorithms and propose a distributed packet aggregation mechanism. The experimental results demonstrates that the proposed distributed packet aggregation algorithm improves the VoIP quality and results in significant increase in the number high quality VoIP calls supported over multihop mesh. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Wireless networks

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On transmit-diversity based multicast in mobile wireless networks

On transmit-diversity based multicast in mobile wireless net...

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2006 IEEE International Conference on Communications, ICC 2006

作者： Du, Qinghe Zhang, Xi Shen, Xuemin Networking and Information Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A and M University College Station TX 77843 United States Centre for Wireless Communications Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)1424403553

We investigate the variations of using the different transmit-diversity techniques for multicast in mobile wireless networks. In particular, we propose and study two different schemes using transmit-diversity for mobile multicast. First, we propose the antenna-beamforming-based mobile multicast scheme which derives the transmit antenna weights by formulating/solving an optimization problem to minimize the average Symbol Error Rate (SER) over all multicast receivers. The simulations results show that our proposed beamforming-based scheme achieves lower SER compared with the existing beamforming-based mobile multicast algorithms which either maximize the instantaneous combined Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) averaged over all receivers, or maximize the worst-case instantaneous combined SNR among all multicast receivers. Second, we apply the antenna-selection scheme in mobile multicasting to achieve the low average SER. We identify that the antenna-selection scheme is suitable for the scenario where different receivers/receiver-groups in a multicast session, experiencing different channel qualities, need to receive different error-control data. The analyses and numerical results show that the proposed scheme improves the SER performance through selecting antennas with better channel qualities and can flexibly support various antenna configurations. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Wireless networks

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Towards development of a 3-state self-paced brain-computer interface

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Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2007年第unknown期2007卷 1-8页

作者： Bashashati, Ali Ward, Rabab K. Birch, Gary E. Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada Terry Fox Laboratory British Columbia Cancer Research Center Vancouver BC V5Z 1L3 Canada Brain Interface Laboratory Neil Squire Society Burnaby BC V5M 3Z3 2250 Boundary Road Canada Institute for Computing Information and Cognitive Systems Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada

Most existing brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) detect specific mental activity in a so-called synchronous paradigm. Unlike synchronous systems which are operational at specific system-defined periods, self-paced (asynchronous) interfaces have the advantage of being operational at all times. The low-frequency asynchronous switch design (LF-ASD) is a 2-state self-paced BCI that detects the presence of a specific finger movement in the ongoing EEG. Recent evaluations of the 2-state LF-ASD show an average true positive rate of 41 at the fixed false positive rate of 1. This paper proposes two designs for a 3-state self-paced BCI that is capable of handling idle brain state. The two proposed designs aim at detecting right- and left-hand extensions from the ongoing EEG. They are formed of two consecutive detectors. The first detects the presence of a right- or a left-hand movement and the second classifies the detected movement as a right or a left one. In an offline analysis of the EEG data collected from four able-bodied individuals, the 3-state brain-computer interface shows a comparable performance with a 2-state system and significant performance improvement if used as a 2-state BCI, that is, in detecting the presence of a right- or a left-hand movement (regardless of the type of movement). It has an average true positive rate of 37.5 and 42.8 (at false positives rate of 1) in detecting right- and left-hand extensions, respectively, in the context of a 3-state self-paced BCI and average detection rate of 58.1 (at false positive rate of 1) in the context of a 2-state self-paced BCI.

关键词： .BC Canada ongoing EEG brain-computer interfaces Brain Interface state self-paced BCI detects the presence

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Behavior of bulk high-temperature superconductors of finite thickness subjected to crossed magnetic fields: Experiment and model

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Physical Review B 2007年第17期75卷 174515-174515页

作者： Ph. Vanderbemden Z. Hong T. A. Coombs S. Denis M. Ausloos J. Schwartz I. B. Rutel N. Hari Babu D. A. Cardwell A. M. Campbell SUPRATECS and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science B28 Sart-Tilman B-4000 Liège Belgium Centre for Advanced Photonics and Electronics Engineering Department University of Cambridge 9 JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0FA United Kingdom SUPRATECS Communication Information Systems & Sensors (CISS) Department Royal Military Academy of Belgium 30 avenue de la Renaissance B-1000 Bruxelles Belgium SUPRATECS and Physics Institute B5 University of Liège Sart-Tilman B-4000 Liège Belgium National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive Tallahassee Florida 32310 USA IRC in Superconductivity University of Cambridge Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 OHE United Kingdom

Crossed-magnetic-field effects on bulk high-temperature superconductors have been studied both experimentally and numerically. The sample geometry investigated involves finite-size effects along both (crossed-)magnetic-field directions. The experiments were carried out on bulk melt-processed Y-Ba-Cu-O single domains that had been premagnetized with the applied field parallel to their shortest direction (i.e., the c axis) and then subjected to several cycles of the application of a transverse magnetic field parallel to the sample ab plane. The magnetic properties were measured using orthogonal pickup coils, a Hall probe placed against the sample surface, and magneto-optical imaging. We show that all principal features of the experimental data can be reproduced qualitatively using a two-dimensional finite-element numerical model based on an E−J power law and in which the current density flows perpendicularly to the plane within which the two components of magnetic field are varied. The results of this study suggest that the suppression of the magnetic moment under the action of a transverse field can be predicted successfully by ignoring the existence of flux-free configurations or flux-cutting effects. These investigations show that the observed decay in magnetization results from the intricate modification of current distribution within the sample cross section. The current amplitude is altered significantly only if a field-dependent critical current density Jc(B) is assumed. Our model is shown to be quite appropriate to describe the cross-flow effects in bulk superconductors. It is also shown that this model does not predict any saturation of the magnetic induction, even after a large number (∼100) of transverse field cycles. These features are shown to be consistent with the experimental data.

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A study of particle swarm optimization in gene regulatory networks inference

A study of particle swarm optimization in gene regulatory ne...

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3rd International Symposium on Neural Networks, ISNN 2006 - Advances in Neural Networks

作者： Xu, Rui Venayagamoorthy, Ganesh Wunsch II, Donald C. Applied Computational Intelligence Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Missouri Rolla MO 65409 United States Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Missouri Rolla MO 65409 United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540344829

Gene regulatory inference from time series gene expression data, generated from DNA microarray, has become increasingly important in investigating genes functions and unveiling fundamental cellular processes. Computational methods in machine learning and neural networks play an active role in analyzing the obtained data. Here, we investigate the performance of particle swarm optimization (PSO) on the reconstruction of gene networks, which is modeled with recurrent neural networks (RNN). The experimental results on a synthetic data set are presented to show the parameter effects of PSO on RNN training and the effectiveness of the proposed method in revealing the gene relations. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006.

关键词： Genetic engineering

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Mobile scanning system for the fast digitization of existing roadways and structures

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Sensor Review 2006年第4期26卷 283-289页

作者： Grinstead, Brad Sukumar, Sreenivas Page, David Koschan, Andreas Gorsich, David Abidi, Mongi A. Imaging Robotics and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tennessee Knoxville TN United States US Army RDECOM Tank-Automotive Research Development and Engineering Center Warren MI United States

Purpose - To present a Mobile Scanning System for digitizing three-dimensional (3D) models of real-world terrain. design/methodology/approach - A combination of sensors (video, laser range, positioning, orientation) is placed on a mobile platform, which moves past the scene to be digitized. Data fusion from the sensors is performed to construct an accurate 3D model of the target environment. Findings - The developed system can acquire accurate models of real-world environments in real time, at resolutions suitable for a variety of tasks. Originality/value - Treating the individual subsystems of the mobile scanning system independently yields a robust system that can be easily reconfigured on the fly for a variety of scanning scenarios. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

关键词： Analog to digital conversion

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Optimal STATCOM sizing and placement using particle swarn optimization

Optimal STATCOM sizing and placement using particle swarn op...

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2006 IEEE PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America, TDC'06

作者： Del Valle, Y. Hernandez, J.C. Venayagamoorthy, G.K. Harley, R.G. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 United States Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Missouri Rolla MO 65409 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424402883

Heuristic approaches are traditionally applied to find the size and location of Flexible AC Transmission systems (FACTS) devices in a small power system. Nevertheless, more sophisticated methods are required for placing them in a large power network. Recently, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique has been applied to solve power engineering optimization problems giving better results than classical methods. This paper shows the application of PSO for optimal sizing and allocation of a Static Compensator (STATCOM) in a power system. A 45 bus system (part of the Brazilian power network) is used as an example to illustrate the technique. Results show that the PSO is able to find the best solution with statistical significance and a high degree of convergence. A Detailed description of the method, results and conclusions are also presented. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Flexible AC transmission systems

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Economic aspects of network coding 44

Economic aspects of network coding

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44th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing 2006

作者： Ahmed, Ebad Eryilmaz, Atilla Ozdaglar, Asuman Medard, Muriel Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781604237924

This work focuses on a cellular system scenario of a single base station broadcasting incoming files (or users) to multiple receivers over a time-varying channel. The basestation sets a price per receiver and per file to maximize its profit. The files may or may not enter the system depending on the price of service, the delay performance and their randomly determined valuations. Under this scenario, we consider the use of Network Coding and Scheduling as the transmission strategies. Our analysis provides approximate characterization of the optimal admission rate, price and revenue as functions of the first and second moments of the service time processes under mild assumptions. We show that optimal network coding window size is highly insensitive to the number of receivers, which suggests that pricing and coding decisions can be decoupled. Moreover, we demonstrate that network coding leads to a significant (almost ten-fold) gain in the revenue compared to scheduling.

关键词： Network coding

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Cancellation predictive control for three-phase PWM rectifiers under harmonic and unbalanced input conditions

Cancellation predictive control for three-phase PWM rectifie...

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IECON 2006 - 32nd Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics

作者： Xiao, Peng Corzine, Keith A. Venayagamoorthy, Ganesh K. Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Missouri-Rolla MO 65409 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424401364

This paper presents an intuitive and simple-to-implement control scheme to improve the performance of three-phase boost-type PWM rectifiers under harmonic and unbalanced input conditions. Unlike most other control strategies, the proposed method does not need to extract either the harmonic or the negative-sequence components in the supply voltages and currents. A near-synchronous reference frame is used to determine the positive-sequence fundamental-frequency component in the input voltages. Utilizing only the extracted component, the dc-link voltage control and power factor control are implemented independently to determine the phase angle and magnitude of the PWM reference voltage. The commanded rectifier voltage adjustments are superimposed upon the grid voltages in such a way that the distortions (both harmonic and negative sequence components) are effectively cancelled. By employing a near-synchronous reference frame, no line-synchronization algorithm or hardware PLL is needed, so very little computational effort is required for its implementation. Simulation results show that the proposed method performs very well under extreme harmonic and unbalanced conditions such as when one or even two phases of the grid voltages are zero. In order to further verify its effectiveness, a laboratory hardware platform has been developed. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Pulse width modulation

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