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Emerging approaches to integrating distributed, heterogeneous, and complex systems

IEEE Transactions on systems, Man, and Cybernetics Part A:systems and Humans 2006年第1期36卷 2-4页

作者： Qiu, Robin G. Zhou, MengChu Pennsylvania State University Division of Engineering Great Valley Campus Malvern PA 19355 United States New Jersey Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Newark NJ 07102 United States Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Automation Laboratory of Complex Systems and Intelligence Science Beijing 100080 China

No abstract available

关键词： Supply chains Control systems Humans Real time systems Distributed computing design methodology Manufacturing Hardware Face computer networks

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Serial Bus Encoding for Low Power Application

Serial Bus Encoding for Low Power Application

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IEEE International Symposium on System-on-Chip

作者： Mohsen Saneei Ali Afzali-Kusha Zainalabedin Navabi Nanoelectronics Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Computer Aided Design Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Tehran Tehran Iran

In this paper, we propose a low-power encoding scheme for serial buses (LESB) which can be used in SoCs. The scheme makes use of a look-up-table for encoding the input data before the parallel to serial conversion and a look-up-table after serial to parallel conversion in the decoder. Using the look-up table, the input symbols are replaced with some codewords which have some redundant bits compared to the original symbols. The serial transmission of the codewords leads to lower switching (transition) activity compared to that of the original transmission of the input symbols. The simulation results show that the when one redundant bit is used, the proposed scheme reduces the transition (switching) activity on the serial bus for uniform data more than 18% with a reduction of 11% in the throughput. More power reduction may be achieved by adding more redundant bits to original input symbols

关键词： Encoding Wires Capacitance Network-on-a-chip Energy dissipation Power engineering computing Decoding Energy consumption Application software Nanoelectronics

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Exponential convergence flow control model for congestion control

Exponential convergence flow control model for congestion co...

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2006 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control, ICNSC'06

作者： Weirong, Liu Jianqiang, Yi Dongbin, Zhao Wen, John T. IEEE Laboratory of Complex Systems and Intelligence Science Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Department of Electrical Computer and Sysrems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424400651

Recently, many new flow control mechanisms derived from classic Kelly model are proposed to solve network congestion problem. They perform well in stability, fairness or robustness. However, Most of them convergence rates are linear since in classic Kelly model, link price is only positive. In addition, some need to introduce extra packet header to get price information. In this paper, we present a novel flow control model based on Kelly model in which link price can be negative to improve the convergence rate. Further, The proposed model uses two bits of ECN field in IP header to feed back price instead of introducing new packet header data. By this approach, we can implement flow control scheme achieving exponential convergence in traditional TCP/IP datagram format. NS2 simulation results show that our model can keep the advantages of other flow mechanisms, such as fairness and asymptotic stability with more rapid convergence rate. ©2006 IEEE.

关键词： Congestion control (communication)

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Crosstalk in counter-pumped distributed Raman amplifiers with DTDM pumping

Crosstalk in counter-pumped distributed Raman amplifiers wit...

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IEEE International Workshop on Electronic design, Test and Applications (DELTA)

作者： V. Kalavally M. Premaratne T. Win Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Malaysia Petaling Jaya Selangor Malaysia Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory (AXL) Victoria Australia

A crosstalk effect in counter-pumped distributed Raman amplifiers (DRAs) with discrete time-division multiplexed (DTDM) pumping is investigated using numerical modeling. We show that the pump repetition frequency has an impact on the pump mediated cross modulation between two channels. Crosstalk effects between channels are shown to be worse in the case of DTDM pumping in comparison with continuous wave (CW) pumping at lower pump repetition frequencies

关键词： Crosstalk Stimulated emission Distributed amplifiers Frequency Time division multiplexing Laser excitation Pump lasers Optical noise Laser noise systems engineering and theory

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Supervisory signal transmission in distributed Raman amplifiers

Supervisory signal transmission in distributed Raman amplifi...

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IEEE International Workshop on Electronic design, Test and Applications (DELTA)

作者： Lau Bei Yer V. Kalavally M. Premaratne Tin Win Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering School of Engineering Monash University Malaysia Selangor Malaysia Department of Electrical and Computer Systems School of Engineering Monash University Malaysia Selangor Malaysia Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory AXL Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Monash University VIC Australia

design parameters of a supervisory (SV) system intended for a distributed Raman amplifier (DBA) is investigated theoretically. The pump is low frequency modulated to transmit supervisory information which forms part of the fault management system in a Raman amplified fiber optic network. Issues regarding modulation frequency of the SV signal and its effect on the integrity of the signal are studied. Power penalty issues due to introduction of the SV signal in the optical network are also studied. These theoretical studies are based on numerical solution of coupled propagation equations for counter-pumped DRA.

关键词： Stimulated emission Distributed amplifiers Optical transmitters Repeaters Frequency Optical pumping Optical amplifiers design engineering Distributed computing Optical propagation

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Optimum supportable global population: Water accounting and dietary considerations

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Environment, Development and Sustainability 2006年第3期8卷 313-349页

作者： Susiarjo, Gundo Sreenath, Sree N. Vali, Ali M. Global Systems Laboratory United States UNESCO Global Problematique Education Network Initiative (GENIe) Cleveland OH United States Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106-7071 United States

In this paper we develop a novel, comprehensive method for estimating the global human carrying capacity in reference to food production factors and levels of food consumption. Other important interrelated dimensions of carrying capacity such as energy, non-renewable resources, and ecology are not considered here and offer opportunities for future work. Use of grain production (rain-fed/irrigated), animal product production (grazing/factory farm), diet pattern (grain/animal products), and a novel water accounting method (demand/supply) based on actual water consumption and not on withdrawal, help resolve uncertainties to find better estimates. Current Western European food consumption is used as a goal for the entire world. Then the carrying capacity lies in the range of 4.5-4.7 billion but requiring agricultural water use increase by 450-530% to 4725-5480 km³, the range based on different estimates of available water. The cost of trapping and conveying such water, will run 4.5-13.5 trillion over 50 years requiring an annual spending increase of 150-400%, straining the developing world where most of the population increase is expected. We reconfirm estimates in the literature using a dynamic model. 'Corner scenarios' with extreme optimistic assumptions were analyzed using the reasoning support software system GLOBESIGHT. With a hypothetical scenario with a mainly vegetarian diet (grazing only with 5% animal product), the carrying capacity can be as high as 14 billion. Ecological deterioration that surely accompanies such a population increase would negatively impact sustainable population. Using our approach the impact of ecological damage could be studied. Inter- and intra-regional inequities are other considerations that need to be studied. © Springer 2006.

关键词： Carrying capacity estimates Food production and consumption Scenario analysis Water use accounting

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UNPCC: A novel unsupervised classification scheme for network intrusion detection

UNPCC: A novel unsupervised classification scheme for networ...

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18th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, ICTAI 2006

作者： Xie, Zongxing Quirino, Thiago Shyu, Mei-Ling Chen, Shu-Ching Chang, LiWu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Miami Coral Gables FL 33124 United States Distributed Multimedia Information System Laboratory School of Computing and Information Sciences Florida International University Miami FL United States Center for High Assurance Computer Systems Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769527280

The development of effective classification techniques, particularly unsupervised classification, is important for real-world applications since information about the training data before classification is relatively unknown. In this paper, a novel unsupervised classification algorithm is proposed to meet the increasing demand in the domain of network intrusion detection. Our proposed UNPCC (Unsu-pervised Principal Component Classifier) algorithm is a multi-class unsupervised classifier with absolutely no requirements for any a priori class related data information (e.g., the number of classes and the maximum number of instances belonging to each class), and an inherently natural supervised classification scheme, both which present high detection rates and several operational advantages (e.g., lower training time, lower classification time, lower processing power requirement, and lower memory requirement). Experiments have been conducted with the KDD Cup 99 data and network traffic data simulated from our private network testbed, and the promising results demonstrate that our UNPCC algorithm outperforms several well-known supervised and unsupervised classification algorithms. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Intrusion detection

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VHDL Code Automatic Generator for Systolic Arrays

VHDL Code Automatic Generator for Systolic Arrays

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International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies: From Theory to Applications, ICTTA

作者： I.N. Tselepis M.P. Bekakos Laboratory ofDigital Systems Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Democritus University of Thrace Xanthi Greece

Systolic arrays speed up scientific computations with inherent parallelization, by exploiting massive data pipeline parallelism. In addition, they include short and problem-size independent signal paths, predictable performance, scalability, and simple design and test. In this paper, a server-based software tool for the automatic generation of VHDL code describing systolic arrays topologies is presented. Input parameters of the tool are several essential factors for the architectural description of systolic arrays (SA), like the interconnection topology of the systolic array, i.e., linear, mesh or hex-connected, the size of the systolic array, i.e., the number of the processing elements (PE) in each dimension, the function of the PE, i.e., the relation between the output and the input ports of every PE and finally the bitlength of PE ports, i.e., the data word size of every port

关键词： Systolic arrays Signal processing algorithms Jacobian matrices Sparse matrices Concurrent computing Matrix decomposition Sorting Convolution Pipeline processing Topology

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Modular-Based Classifier for Phoneme Recognition

Modular-Based Classifier for Phoneme Recognition

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IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology (ISSPIT)

作者： Abbas Ahmadi Fakhri Karray Mohamed Kamel Systems Design Engineering Department Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Laboratory Waterloo ONT Canada Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Laboratory Waterloo ONT Canada

This paper proposes a modular-based classifier for the problem of phoneme recognition. This is carried out by the use of a two-level classification approach including, high and low levels. We propose a new concept called phoneme family. To obtain phoneme families, we employ k-mean clustering method. A given unknown phoneme is first classified into a phoneme family at high level classification. Then, the exact label of the phoneme is determined at low level classification. We have used a combined framework of statistical and neural network based classifiers. Encouraging results are obtained by applying the proposed method on TIMIT database and its performance is compared against other methods

关键词： Neural networks Speech recognition Recurrent neural networks Pattern recognition design engineering Databases Network topology Signal processing Information technology Pattern analysis

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Adaptive Distributed Fair Scheduling and Its Implementation in Wireless Sensor Networks

Adaptive Distributed Fair Scheduling and Its Implementation ...

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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： James W. Fonda Maciej Zawodniok S. Jagannathan Steve E. Watkins Networking Systems Laboratory and the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Missouri Rolla Rolla MO USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Missouri Rolla Rolla MO USA

A novel adaptive and distributed fair scheduling (ADFS) scheme for wireless sensor networks is shown through hardware implementation. In contrast to simulation, hardware evaluation provides valuable feedback to protocol and hardware development process. The proposed protocol focuses on quality-of-service (QoS) issues to address flow prioritization. Thus, when nodes access a shared channel, the proposed ADFS allocates the channel bandwidth proportionally to the weight, or priority, of the packet flows. Moreover, ADFS allows for dynamic allocation of network resources with little added overhead. Weights are initially assigned using user specified QoS criteria. These weights are subsequently updated as a function of delay, enqueued packets, flow arrival rate, and the previous packet weight. The back-off interval is also altered using the weight update equation. The weight update and the back-off interval selection ensure that global fairness is attained even with variable service rates. The algorithm is implemented using UMR/SLU motes for an industrial monitoring application. Results the hardware implementation demonstrates improved performance in terms of fairness index, flow rate, and delay.

关键词： Adaptive scheduling Wireless sensor networks Hardware Job shop scheduling Access protocols Delay Adaptive systems Feedback Quality of service Bandwidth

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