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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yang, Wanting Xiong, Zehui Quek, Tony Q.S. Shen, Xuemin The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore Singapore The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

In the era of 6G, featuring compelling visions of digital twins and metaverses, Extended Reality (XR) has emerged as a vital conduit connecting the digital and physical realms, garnering widespread interest. Ensuring a fully immersive wireless XR experience stands as a paramount technical necessity, demanding the liberation of XR from the confines of wired connections. In this paper, we first introduce the technologies applied in the wireless XR domain, delve into their benefits and limitations, and highlight the ongoing challenges. We then propose a novel deployment framework for a broad XR pipeline, termed "GeSa-XRF", inspired by the core philosophy of Semantic Communication (SemCom) which shifts the concern from "how" to transmit to "what" to transmit. Particularly, the framework comprises three stages: data collection, data analysis, and data delivery. In each stage, we integrate semantic awareness to achieve streamlined transmission and employ Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) to achieve collaborative refinements. For the data collection of multi-modal data with differentiated data volumes and heterogeneous latency requirements, we propose a novel SemCom paradigm based on multi-modal fusion and separation and a GAI-based robust superposition scheme. To perform a comprehensive data analysis, we employ multitask learning to perform the prediction of field of view and personalized attention and discuss the possible preprocessing approaches assisted by GAI. Lastly, for the data delivery stage, we present a semantic-aware multicast-based delivery strategy aimed at reducing pixel level redundant transmissions and introduce the GAI collaborative refinement approach. The performance gain of the proposed GeSa-XRF is preliminarily demonstrated through a case study. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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A 243 KOPS/W Crypto-Processor Supporting Homomorphic Encryption and Post-Quantum Cryptography for IoT Devices

A 243 KOPS/W Crypto-Processor Supporting Homomorphic Encrypt...

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European Conference on Solid-State Circuits (ESSCIRC)

作者： ByungJun Kim Han-Gyeol Mun Kyeong-Jun Lee Jeong-Min Woo Kiseo Kang Hyunwoo Son Jae-Yoon Sim Postech Integrated Circuits and Systems Laboratory POSTECH Pohang Korea School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cornell Tech New York NY USA Mixed-Signal IC Design Laboratory Gyeongsang National University Jinju Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798350388138

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388145

This work presents a power-efficient latticebased crypto-processor for IoT edge devices supporting both homomorphic encryption (HE) and post-quantum cryptography (PQC) algorithms. The chip incorporates a reconfigurable architecture on a unified number system to effectively reduce the size of modulo index. It also employs a power-efficient modular arithmetic block and a scheduling for pipelined processing. The implemented chip in 28 nm CMOS achieves the state-of-the-art power efficiencies both in HE and PQC.

关键词： Out of order Protocols Processor scheduling Reconfigurable architectures Cryptography Internet of Things Indexes Homomorphic encryption Arithmetic Pipeline processing

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Impedance Estimation at Multi-Antenna Receivers

Impedance Estimation at Multi-Antenna Receivers

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Annual Conference on Information Sciences and systems (CISS)

作者： Shaohan Wu Brian L. Hughes Department of Communication Systems Design MediaTek USA Inc. Irvine CA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC

This paper considers antenna impedance matrix estimation using training sequences at multi-antenna receivers. We formulate this problem in a classical estimation framework, treating the unknown channel matrix as a nuisance parameter. The maximum-likelihood impedance estimator is derived as a function of the top block eigenvector of the sample covariance matrix in i.i.d. Rayleigh fading channels. Fundamental lower bounds, e.g., Cramér-Rao bounds and Miller-Chang bounds, on these estimators are derived, the latter of which better predicts the ML estimator's behavior using numerical simulations. Another finding is that transmit diversity may lead to diminishing returns if the total transmitted power is the constraint.

关键词： Training Measurement Maximum likelihood estimation Impedance matching Channel estimation Receiving antennas Rayleigh channels

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Distributed Model-Predictive Energy Management Strategy for Shipboard Power systems Considering Battery Degradation

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2024年第28期58卷 360-365页

作者： Satish Vedula Seyyed Shaho Alaviani Olugbenga Moses Anubi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering FAMU-FSU College of Engineering Tallahassee FL 32310 USA Center for Advanced Power Systems (CAPS) Florida State University and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (MagLab) Tallahassee FL 32310 USA

With the integration of loads such as pulse power loads, a new control challenge is presented in meeting their high ramp rate requirements. Existing onboard generators are ramp rate limited. The inability to meet the load power due to ramp rate limitation may lead to instability. The addition of energy storage elements in addition to the existing generators proves a viable solution in addressing the control challenges presented by high ramp rate loads. A distributed energy management strategy maximizing generator efficiency and minimizing energy storage degradation is developed that facilitates an optimal adaptive power split between generators and energy storage elements. The complex structure of the energy storage degradation model makes it tough for its direct integration into the optimization problem and is not practical for real-time implementation. A degradation heuristic to minimize absolute power extracted from the energy storage elements is proposed as a degradation heuristic measure. The designed strategy is tested through a numerical case study of a consolidated shipboard power system model consisting of a single generator, energy storage element, and load model. The results show the impact of the designed energy management strategy in effectively managing energy storage health.

关键词： Battery degradation model predictive control energy management

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Adaptive Low-Rank Gradient Descent

Adaptive Low-Rank Gradient Descent

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Ali Jadbabaie Anuran Makur Amirhossein Reisizadeh Laboratory for Information & Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Computer Science School of Electrical & Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

Low-rank structures have been observed in several recent empirical studies in many machine and deep learning problems, where the loss function demonstrates significant variation only in a lower dimensional subspace. While traditional gradient-based optimization algorithms are computationally costly for high-dimensional parameter spaces, such low-rank structures provide an opportunity to mitigate this cost. In this paper, we aim to leverage low-rank structures to alleviate the computational cost of first-order methods and study Adaptive Low-Rank Gradient Descent (AdaLRGD). The main idea of this method is to begin the optimization procedure in a very small subspace and gradually and adaptively augment it by including more directions. We show that for smooth and strongly convex objectives and any target accuracy $\epsilon$ , AdaLRGD's complexity is $\mathcal{O}(r\ln(r/\epsilon))$ for some rank $r$ no more than dimension $d$ . This significantly improves upon gradient descent's complexity of $\mathcal{O}(d\ln(1/\epsilon))$ when $r\ll d$ . We also propose a practical implementation of AdaLRGD and demonstrate its ability to leverage existing low-rank structures in data.

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Multidimensional Voronoi Constellations vs. Short Blocklength Probabilistic Shaping: A Comparison for Multilevel Coding Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sheng, Yajie Chen, Bin Lei, Yi Deng, Jingxin Xu, Jiwei Fu, Mengfan Zhuge, Qunbi Li, Shen Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Université Laval Québec Canada

Performance of concatenated multilevel coding with probabilistic shaping (PS) and Voronoi constellations (VCs) is analysed over AWGN channel. Numerical results show that VCs provide up to 1.3 dB SNR gains over PS-QAM ... 详细信息

关键词： Probability distributions

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An Efficient Symbol Timing Scheme for OFDM systems Using Optimal Correlation-Based Circular-Shifted Preamble

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IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 2024年 1-1页

作者： Yang, Fan Zhang, Xi University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731 China Networking and Information Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA

We propose a coarse symbol timing scheme for wireless orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems using an optimal correlation-based circular-shifted preamble (CSP). Our proposed scheme is implemented by off-line correlation-ranking and on-line processing. The on-line processing derives an optimal CSP for transmission according to the off-line correlation-ranking, and employs a delayed multiplication operation for symbol timing. The conducted simulation results show that our proposed scheme outperforms the other existing representative schemes over typical multi-path fading channels in terms of mean square error (MSE) while keeping the computational complexity low. IEEE

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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Slow Inter-area Electro-mechanical Oscillations Revisited: Structural Property of Complex Multi-area Electric Power systems

Slow Inter-area Electro-mechanical Oscillations Revisited: S...

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International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT)

作者： Hiya Akhil Gada Marija D. Ilic Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems (LIDS) of Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Carnegie Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Mellon University Pittsburgh PA

ISBN: (数字)9798350373974

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373981

This paper introduces a physically-intuitive notion of inter-area dynamics in systems comprising multiple interconnected energy conversion modules. The idea builds on an earlier general approach of setting their structural properties by modeling internal dynamics in stand-alone modules (components, areas) using the fundamental conservation laws between energy stored and generated, and then constraining explicitly their Tellegen’s quantities (power and rate of change of power). In this paper we derive, by following the same principles, a transformed state-space model for a general nonlinear system. Using this model we show the existence of an area-level interaction variable, intVar, whose rate of change depends solely on the area internal power imbalance and is independent of the model complexity used for representing individual module dynamics in the area. Given these structural properties of stand-alone modules, we define in this paper for the first time an inter-area variable as the difference of power wave incident to tie-line from Area I and the power reflected into tie-lie from Area II. Notably, these power waves represent the interaction variables associated with the two respective interconnected areas. We illustrate these notions using a linearized case of two lossless inter-connected areas, and show the existence of a new inter-area mode when the areas get connected. We suggest that lessons learned in this paper open possibilities for computationally-efficient modeling and control of inter-area oscillations, and offer further the basis for modeling and control of dynamics in changing systems comprising faster energy conversion processes.

关键词： Computational modeling Power system dynamics Process control Energy conversion Nonlinear dynamical systems State-space methods Complexity theory Information technology Oscillators

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Condition Monitoring with Incomplete Data: An Integrated Variational Autoencoder and Distance Metric Framework

Condition Monitoring with Incomplete Data: An Integrated Var...

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IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and engineering (CASE)

作者： Maryam Ahang Mostafa Abbasi Todd Charter Homayoun Najjaran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Victoria Victoria Canada Advanced Control and Intelligent Systems Laboratory (ACIS) University of Victoria Victoria Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Victoria Victoria Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798350358513

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358520

Condition monitoring of industrial systems is crucial for ensuring safety and maintenance planning, yet notable challenges arise in real-world settings due to the limited or non-existent availability of fault samples. This paper introduces an innovative solution to this problem by proposing a new method for fault detection and condition monitoring for unseen data. Adopting an approach inspired by zero-shot learning, our method can identify faults and assign a relative health index to various operational conditions. Typically, we have plenty of data on normal operations, some data on compromised conditions, and very few (if any) samples of severe faults. We use a variational autoencoder to capture the probabilistic distribution of previously seen and new unseen conditions. The health status is determined by comparing each sample’s deviation from a normal operation reference distribution in the latent space. Faults are detected by establishing a threshold for the health indexes, allowing the model to identify severe, unseen faults with high accuracy, even amidst noise. We validate our approach using the run-to-failure IMS-bearing dataset and compare it with other methods. The health indexes generated by our model closely match the established descriptive model of bearing wear, attesting to the robustness and reliability of our method. These findings highlight the potential of our methodology in augmenting fault detection capabilities within industrial domains, thereby contributing to heightened safety protocols and optimized maintenance practices.

关键词： Condition monitoring Fault diagnosis Protocols Fault detection Zero shot learning Probabilistic logic Robustness Safety Maintenance Indexes

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Sustainable Smart Road: A Unified Cost Estimation Model for Renewable-Powered Smart Roads

Sustainable Smart Road: A Unified Cost Estimation Model for ...

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electrical, computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET), International Conference on

作者： Cristian Giovanni Colombo Michela Longo Leonardo Nocera Ryosuke Ota Dario Zaninelli Department of Energy Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty of Systems Design Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350395914

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395921

With new stringent policies affecting the transport and generation sectors, new technologies have emerged to drive the electric and technological transition. One of these is the smart road, a highly sensorised system to enable the integration of new vehicles and safety technologies. In this paper, the implementation of a smart road is simulated, first from an energy point of view and then from an economic point of view, by identifying the power demand of components and their cost. Next, the energetic core of the smart road is implemented. The energy core consists of a PV plant capable of powering the infrastructure. In this paper a simulation to test the proposed methodology is implemented. In the case study, a 280.05 kW smart road is powered by an optimally dimensioned PV plant. The production guaranteed by the 283.8 kWp plant will be 389.49 MW $h$ /year and requires $5723\mathrm{m}^{2}$ . Furthermore, the 234.57 $\mathrm{k}\unicode{x20AC}$ investment for the plant will represent less than 10% of the total investment, highlighting how renewable integration can be an economic sustainable purpose. Finally, another method to return the investment as quickly as possible will be proposed.

关键词： Renewable energy sources Costs Power demand Roads Net zero Estimation Production Safety Solar radiation Investment

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