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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Yinqiu Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Miao, Chunyan Shen, Xuemin Jamalipour, Abbas The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Canada The School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Sydney Australia

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC) has brought daunting challenges regarding service latency, security, and trustworthiness. Recently, researchers presented the edge AIGC paradigm, effectively optimize the service latency by distributing AIGC services to edge devices. However, AIGC products are still unprotected and vulnerable to tampering and plagiarization. Moreover, as a kind of online non-fungible digital property, the free circulation of AIGC products is hindered by the lack of trustworthiness in open networks. In this article, for the first time, we present a blockchain-empowered framework to manage the lifecycle of edge AIGC products. Specifically, leveraging fraud proof, we first propose a protocol to protect the ownership and copyright of AIGC, called Proof-of-AIGC. Then, we design an incentive mechanism to guarantee the legitimate and timely executions of the funds-AIGC ownership exchanges among anonymous users. Furthermore, we build a multi-weight subjective logic-based reputation scheme, with which AIGC producers can determine which edge service provider is trustworthy and reliable to handle their services. Through numerical results, the superiority of the proposed approach is demonstrated. Last but not least, we discuss important open directions for further research. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Blockchain

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Incentive design for Eco-driving in Urban Transportation Networks

Incentive Design for Eco-driving in Urban Transportation Net...

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European Control Conference (ECC)

作者： M. Umar B. Niazi Jung-Hoon Cho Munther A. Dahleh Roy Dong Cathy Wu Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA

ISBN: (数字)9783907144107

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540920

Eco-driving emerges as a cost-effective and efficient strategy to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions in urban transportation networks. Acknowledging the persuasive influence of incentives in shaping driver behavior, this paper presents the ‘eco-planner,’ a digital platform devised to promote eco-driving practices in urban transportation. At the outset of their trips, users provide the platform with their trip details and travel time preferences, enabling the eco-planner to formulate personalized eco-driving recommendations and corresponding incentives, while adhering to its budgetary constraints. Upon trip completion, incentives are transferred to users who comply with the recommendations and effectively reduce their emissions. By comparing our proposed incentive mechanism with a baseline scheme that offers uniform incentives to all users, we demonstrate that our approach achieves superior emission reductions and increased user compliance with a smaller budget.

关键词： Transportation Europe Greenhouse gases

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Optimal Control of Connected Automated Vehicles with Event-Triggered Control Barrier Functions: a Test Bed for Safe Optimal Merging

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sabouni, Ehsan Sabbir Ahmad, H.M. Xiao, Wei Cassandras, Christos G. Li, Wenchao Division of Systems Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Boston University BostonMA United States Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States

We address the problem of controlling Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) in conflict areas of a traffic network subject to hard safety constraints. It has been shown that such problems can be solved through a combination of tractable optimal control problems and Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) that guarantee the satisfaction of all constraints. These solutions can be reduced to a sequence of Quadratic Programs (QPs) which are efficiently solved on line over discrete time steps. However, guaranteeing the feasibility of the CBF-based QP method within each discretized time interval requires the careful selection of time steps which need to be sufficiently small. This creates computational requirements and communication rates between agents which may hinder the controller’s application to real CAVs. In this paper, we overcome this limitation by adopting an event-triggered approach for CAVs in a conflict area such that the next QP is triggered by properly defined events with a safety guarantee. We present a laboratory-scale test bed we have developed to emulate merging roadways using mobile robots as CAVs which can be used to demonstrate how the event-triggered scheme is computationally efficient and can handle measurement uncertainties and noise compared to time-driven control while guaranteeing safety. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Merging

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Direct Truncation and Routh Approximation Assisted Reduced Order Modelling of Islanded Microgrid

Direct Truncation and Routh Approximation Assisted Reduced O...

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IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS)

作者： Richa Chaudhary V. P. Singh Akhilesh Mathur U. K. Yadav Krishna Murari Sukumar Kamalasadan Department of Electrical Engineering Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Rajasthan India Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department The University of Toledo Toledo Ohio USA Department of Electrical Engineering Power Energy and Intelligent Systems Laboratory EPIC University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350372717

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372724

Microgrid (MG) networks, with their diverse energy sources and storage systems, represent complex higher-order systems (HOS). Analyzing such networks is challenging due to the uncertainty associated with energy sources like solar and wind power. To address this complexity, reduced-order models (ROMs) are essential, achieved through order reduction techniques. This article presents a method to reduce the eighth-order transfer function of an islanded microgrid to a second-order model. The reduction involves truncation reduction technique (TRT) for the numerator and Routh approximation reduction technique (RART) for the denominator. A comparative analysis is conducted between the original higher-order islanded microgrid system and its ROM. The comparison includes various error indices to determine the effectiveness of the ROM. Graphical representations of impulse, Nichols, step, Nyquist, and Bode responses are provided for both the original system and the ROM to visually compare their performances. This study demonstrates the practical application of mixed reduction techniques to simplify complex microgrid models, making them more manageable for analysis and design purposes.

关键词： Uncertainty Industry applications Transfer functions Microgrids Wind power generation Reduced order systems Complexity theory Time-domain analysis Read only memory Energy storage

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Active RIS-Aided Massive MIMO With Imperfect CSI and Phase Noise

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年

作者： Peng, Zhangjie Zhu, Jianchen Pan, Cunhua Zhang, Zaichen Da Costa, Daniel Benevides Elkashlan, Maged Karagiannidis, George K. Shanghai Normal University College of Information Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shanghai200234 China Southeast University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Nanjing210096 China Interdisciplinary Research Center for Communication Systems and Sensing Department of Electrical Engineering Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia Queen Mary University of London School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Greece Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Systems Research Center Lebanon

As a recently proposed reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) architecture, active RIS has drawn considerable interest. The important feature of the active RIS is its ability to strengthen the impinging signals to mitigate the multiplicative fading effect inherent in passive RIS-aided systems. Herein, we explore the performance of an active RIS-aided uplink multi-user massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, considering the phase noise at the RIS. Furthermore, a two-timescale scheme is utilized, where the base station (BS) beamforming is designed based on the instantaneous aggregated channel state information (CSI), while the statistical CSI is used for designing the phase shifts of the active RIS. In addition, the linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) estimator is adopted to estimate the aggregated channel, which combines both the cascaded and direct channels. According to the estimated channel, a closedform expression for the lower bound of achievable rate is derived. Based on the theoretical expressions, the power scaling laws for the considered system are also investigated. Specifically, when each user’s transmit power is proportionally reduced by the quantity of BS antennas M or RIS elements N, we find that the amplified thermal noise causes the lower bound of the achievable rate to approach zero as M or N tends to infinity. Moreover, an optimization approach based on a genetic algorithm (GA) is introduced to obtain the optimal phase shifts for maximizing the achievable rate. Numerical results reveal that the active RIS can greatly enhance the performance of the massive MIMO system compared to its passive counterpart. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Blockchain-Empowered Lifecycle Management for AI-Generated Content (AIGC) Products in Edge Networks

TechRxiv

引用

TechRxiv 2023年

关键词： Blockchain

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Equilibrium-Independent Control of Continuous-Time Nonlinear systems via the LPV Framework - Extended Version

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Koelewijn, Patrick J.W. Weiland, Siep Tóth, Roland The Control Systems Group Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands The Systems and Control Laboratory Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest Hungary

In this paper, we consider the analysis and control of continuous-time nonlinear systems to ensure universal shifted stability and performance, i.e., stability and performance w.r.t. each forced equilibrium point of the system. This "equilibrium-free" concept is especially beneficial for control problems that require the tracking of setpoints and rejection of persistent disturbances, such as input loads. In this paper, we show how the velocity form, i.e., the time-differentiated dynamics of the system, plays a crucial role in characterizing these properties and how the analysis of it can be solved by the application of Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) methods in a computationally efficient manner. Furthermore, by leveraging the properties of the velocity form and the LPV framework, a novel controller synthesis method is presented which ensures closed-loop universal shifted stability and performance. The proposed controller design is verified in a simulation study and also experimentally on a real system. Additionally, we compare the proposed method to a standard LPV control design, demonstrating the improved stability and performance guarantees of the new approach. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Controllers

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Lane Detection Using Hough Transform and Kalman Filter

Lane Detection Using Hough Transform and Kalman Filter

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E-mobility, Power Control and Smart systems (ICEMPS), International Conference on

作者： Rajesh Kannan Megalingam Nidhin Chuzhiyil Pradeep Aswin Reghu Sreesankar Ajith Sreemangalam Abdul Ayaaz Avinash Hegde Kota Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Humanitarian Technology (HuT) Labs Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amritapuri India Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Digital Design Environment Laboratory (DDEL) University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350394399

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394405

The objective of this paper is to implement an effective and robust lane detection system for autonomous vehicles. This can be achieved by generating road images using MATLAB, converting them into a bird's-eye view for a clear perspective of the lanes, and then applying the Kalman filter for accurate lane detection. After using the Hough transform and Kalman filter the lanes on a video clip that has been recorded from inside a car using a phone camera will be detected. The system is implemented in real-world scenarios to ensure its effectiveness and reliability in various road conditions and environments. The goal is to improve road safety and navigation by providing precise lane information.

关键词： Accuracy Lane detection Filtering Power control Process control Transforms Road safety

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A discussion regarding the application of the hertz contact theory on biological samples in afm nanoindentation experiments

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Micro and Nanosystems 2021年第1期13卷 42-48页

作者： Kontomaris, Stylianos Vasileios Stylianou, A. Nikita, K.S. Malamou, A. Mobile Radio Communications Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece Faculty of Architecture Engineering & Built Environment Athens Metropolitan College Athens Greece Cancer Biophysics Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus Radar Systems and Remote Sensing Lab of School Electrical & Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Nanoindentation procedure regarding biological samples poses significant challenges with respect to the accuracy of the provided results. These challenges are related to the inhomogeneity of biological samples, various uncertainties in experimental methods and certain approximations regarding the theoretical analysis. The most commonly used theoretical model for data processing at the linear elastic regime regarding biological samples is the Hertz model. This paper focuses on the investigation of the resulting errors of the basic equation of the Hertz theory that depends on the ratio, indentation depth/indenter’s radius regarding the Young’s modulus calculation. Several examples in the literature that do not take into account the value of the ratio indentation depth/indenter’s radius are reported and the related errors are presented and discussed. In addition, an extended new equation is derived which takes into account the influence of the aforementioned ratio on the calculation of the Young’s modulus and can be easily used for calculations. Moreover, a rational explanation, regarding the extended differences of the Young’s modulus calculations using the same experimental results when these are processed using the Hertz model and the Oliver & Pharr analysis (which is the general model that applies for any axisymmetric indenter) is provided. In conclusion, the derived equation is further combined with equations which take into account the shape of the sample in order to provide a complete and reliable theoretical tool which can be generally applied in order to reduce the errors produced by the current methodology. © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.

关键词： Nanoindentation

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Cached Model-as-a-Resource: Provisioning Large Language Model Agents for Edge Intelligence in Space-air-ground Integrated Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Minrui Niyato, Dusit Zhang, Hongliang Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Mao, Shiwen Han, Zhu School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore School of Electronics Peking University Beijing100871 China School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore487372 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36849-5201 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Houston HoustonTX77004 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

Edge intelligence in space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs) can enable worldwide network coverage beyond geographical limitations for users to access ubiquitous and low-latency intelligence services. Facing global coverage and complex environments in SAGINs, edge intelligence can provision approximate large language models (LLMs) agents for users via edge servers at ground base stations (BSs) or cloud data centers relayed by satellites. As LLMs with billions of parameters are pre-trained on vast datasets, LLM agents have few-shot learning capabilities, e.g., chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting for complex tasks, which raises a new trade-off between resource consumption and performance in SAGINs. In this paper, we propose a joint caching and inference framework for edge intelligence to provision sustainable and ubiquitous LLM agents in SAGINs. We introduce "cached model-as-a-resource" for offering LLMs with limited context windows and propose a novel optimization framework, i.e., joint model caching and inference, to utilize cached model resources for provisioning LLM agent services along with communication, computing, and storage resources. We design "age of thought" (AoT) considering the CoT prompting of LLMs, and propose a least AoT cached model replacement algorithm for optimizing the provisioning cost. We propose a deep Q-network-based modified second-bid (DQMSB) auction to incentivize network operators, which can enhance allocation efficiency by 23% while guaranteeing strategy-proofness and free from adverse selection. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Deep learning

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