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Federated Cubic Regularized Newton Learning with Sparsification-amplified Differential Privacy

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Huo, Wei Liu, Changxin Ding, Kemi Johansson, Karl Henrik Shi, Ling Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden Digital Futures StockholmSE-10044 Sweden School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China

This paper investigates the use of the cubic-regularized Newton method within a federated learning framework while addressing two major concerns that commonly arise in federated learning: privacy leakage and communication bottleneck. We introduce a federated learning algorithm called Differentially Private Federated Cubic Regularized Newton (DP-FCRN). By leveraging second-order techniques, our algorithm achieves lower iteration complexity compared to first-order methods. We also incorporate noise perturbation during local computations to ensure privacy. Furthermore, we employ sparsification in uplink transmission, which not only reduces the communication costs but also amplifies the privacy guarantee. Specifically, this approach reduces the necessary noise intensity without compromising privacy protection. We analyze the convergence properties of our algorithm and establish the privacy guarantee. Finally, we validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm through experiments on a benchmark dataset. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Federated learning

On Radically Expanding the Landscape of Potential Applications for Automated-Proof Methods

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SN computer Science 2021年第4期2卷 1-9页

作者： Uhlmann, Jeffrey Wang, Jie Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Missouri 201 Naka Hall Columbia United States Laboratory for Analysis and Architecture of Systems French National Centre for Scientific Research Toulouse France

In this paper, we examine the potential of optimization-based computer-assisted proof methods to be applied much more widely than commonly recognized by engineers and computer scientists. More specifically, we contend that there are vast opportunities to derive valuable mathematical results and properties that may be narrow in scope, such as in highly specialized engineering control applications, that are presently overlooked, because they have characteristics atypical of those that are conventionally studied in the areas of pure and applied mathematics. As a concrete example, we demonstrate use of sum-of-squares (SOS) optimization for certifying polynomial nonnegativity as a part of a proposed dimension-pinning strategy to prove that the inverse of the relative gain array (RGA) of a d-dimensional positive-definite matrix is doubly stochastic for d≤ 4. However, it is not specifically this result and solution method that are of principal interest in this paper but rather how they illustrate the relevance of optimization-based proof techniques to engineering system design more broadly. We believe that our paper is the first to explicitly emphasize the fundamental distinction between methods that can be applied to prove results/properties over a fixed number of dimensions versus those that hold generally. The latter class of problems is the conventional domain of mathematicians, but the former is what we propose to be a fertile and largely unrecognized class of problems that are amenable to automated-proof technologies, e.g., as we demonstrate using our novel dimension-pinning approach. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Automated proofs Automated software methods computer-aided system design computer-assisted proofs Dimension pinning Inverse relative gain array IRGA Relative gain array RGA SOS proofs Sum-of-squares optimization

2021 Monthly Rice Production in Chinese Coastal Provinces 3

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2021 Monthly Rice Production in Chinese Coastal Provinces

3rd International Conference on Big Data Analytics and Practices, IBDAP 2022

作者： Parmar, Ajeet Munasinghe, Thilanka Tubbs, Heidi Anyamba, Assaf Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Troy United States Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Department of Information Technology and Web Science Troy United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory Geospatial Science and Human Security Division Oak Ridge United States

ISBN: (数字)9781665469388

ISBN: (纸本)9781665469388

This paper explores the dynamics of rice production in the Chinese provinces of Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang and seeks to predict monthly rice production in the months of April through October using precipitation and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index as the predictor variables available. We utilize ridge and lasso regression models to predict the rice yield. Results indicate that a lasso regression model with an R2 value of 0.9991501 with an adjusted R2 value of 0.9991502 and a ridge regression model with an R2 value of 0.9865443 with an adjusted R2 value of 0.9870637 are possible. The lasso regression model does not account for all predictor variables while the ridge regression model does. Both models could be expanded upon to include more observations. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Regression analysis

Nonreciprocal field transformation with active acoustic metasurfaces

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wen, Xinhua Cho, Choonlae Zhu, Xinghong Park, Namkyoo Li, Jensen Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Kowloon Hong Kong Photonic Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Field transformation, as an extension of the transformation optics, provides a unique means for nonreciprocal wave manipulation, while the experimental realization remains a significant challenge as it requires stringent material parameters of the metamaterials, e.g., purely nonreciprocal bianisotropic parameters. Here, we develop and demonstrate a nonreciprocal field transformation in a 2D acoustic system, using an active metasurface that can independently control all constitutive parameters and achieve purely nonreciprocal Willis coupling. The field-transforming metasurface enables tailor-made field distribution manipulation, achieving localized field amplification by a predetermined ratio. Interestingly, the metasurface demonstrates the self-adaptive capability to various excitation conditions and can extend to other geometric shapes. The metasurface also achieves nonreciprocal wave propagation for internal and external excitations, demonstrating a one-way acoustic device. Such a field-transforming metasurface not only extends the framework of the transformation theory for nonreciprocal wave manipulation, but also holds significant potential in applications such as ultra-sensitive sensors and nonreciprocal communication. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Acoustic fields

Electric Vehicles Security and Privacy: Challenges, Solutions, and Future Needs

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Brighente, Alessandro Conti, Mauro Donadel, Denis Poovendran, Raadha Turrin, Federico Zhou, Jianying The Department of Mathematics HIT Research Center University of Padova Padova35131 Italy The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington Seattle98195 United States School of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design 487372 Singapore

Electric Vehicles (EVs) share common technologies with classical fossil-fueled cars, but they also employ novel technologies and components (e.g., Charging System and Battery Management System) that create an unexplored attack surface for malicious users. Although multiple contributions in the literature explored cybersecurity aspects of particular components of the EV ecosystem (e.g., charging infrastructure), there is still no contribution to the holistic cybersecurity of EVs and their related technologies from a cyber-physical system perspective. In this paper, we provide the first in-depth study of the security and privacy threats associated with the EVs ecosystem. We analyze the threats associated with both the EV and the different charging solutions. Focusing on the Cyber-Physical systems (CPS) paradigm, we provide a detailed analysis of all the processes that an attacker might exploit to affect the security and privacy of both drivers and the infrastructure. To address the highlighted threats, we present possible solutions that might be implemented. We also provide an overview of possible future directions to guarantee the security and privacy of the EVs ecosystem. Based on our analysis, we stress the need for EV-specific cybersecurity solutions. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Electric vehicles

Vision-based Semantic Communications for Metaverse Services: A Contest Theoretic Approach

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Guangyuan Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Soong, Boon Hee The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

The popularity of Metaverse as an entertainment, social, and work platform has led to a great need for seamless avatar integration in the virtual world. In Metaverse, avatars must be updated and rendered to reflect users’ behaviour. Achieving real-time synchronization between the virtual bilocation and the user is complex, placing high demands on the Metaverse Service Provider (MSP)’s rendering resource allocation scheme. To tackle this issue, we propose a semantic communication framework that leverages contest theory to model the interactions between users and MSPs and determine optimal resource allocation for each user. To reduce the consumption of network resources in wireless transmission, we use the semantic communication technique to reduce the amount of data to be transmitted. Under our simulation settings, the encoded semantic data only contains 51 bytes of skeleton coordinates instead of the image size of 8.243 megabytes. Moreover, we implement Deep Q-Network to optimize reward settings for maximum performance and efficient resource allocation. With the optimal reward setting, users are incentivized to select their respective suitable uploading frequency, reducing down-sampling loss due to rendering resource constraints by 66.076% compared with the traditional average distribution method. The framework provides a novel solution to resource allocation for avatar association in VR environments, ensuring a smooth and immersive experience for all users. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Rendering (computer graphics)

Tri-Level Linear Programming Model for Automatic Load Shedding Using Spectral Clustering

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Tri-Level Linear Programming Model for Automatic Load Sheddi...

Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT)

作者： Mario D. Baquedano-Aguilar Arturo Bretas Sean Meyn Nader Aljohani Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Distributed Systems Group Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA G2Elab Grenoble INP CNRS Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Taibah University Medina Saudi Arabia

Traditional load shedding schemes can be inadequate in grids with high renewable penetration, leading to unstable events and unnecessary grid islanding. Although for both manual and automatic operating modes load shedding areas have been predefined by grid operators, they have remained fixed, and may be sub-optimal due to dynamic operating conditions. In this work, a distributed tri-level linear programming model for automatic load shedding to avoid system islanding is presented. Preventing islanding is preferred because it reduces the need for additional load shedding besides the disconnection of transmission lines between islands. This is crucial as maintaining the local generation-demand balance is necessary to preserve frequency stability. Furthermore, uneven distribution of generation resources among islands can lead to increased load shedding, causing economic and reliability challenges. This issue is further compounded in modern power systems heavily dependent on non-dispatchable resources like wind and solar. The upper-level model uses complex power flow measurements to determine the system areas to shed load depending on actual operating conditions using a spectral clustering approach. The mid-level model estimates the area system state, while the lower-level model determines the locations and load values to be shed. The solution is practical and promising for real-world applications.

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MIM and MIIM-Based Optical Rectennas for Infrared Energy Harvesting at 10.6 μm

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MIM and MIIM-Based Optical Rectennas for Infrared Energy Har...

Mediterrannean Microwave Symposium (MMS)

作者： Ali Yahyaoui Ahmad Elsharabasy Jawad Yousaf Hatem Rmili Taoufik Aguili University of Tunis El Manar (UTM) National Engineering School of Tunis (ENIT) Communications Systems Laboratory (SysCom) Tunis Tunisia Electrical and Computer Engineering Department McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Abu Dhabi University United Arab Emirates Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia K. A. CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

This work presents a comparative study between metal-insulator-metal (MIM) and metal-insulator-insulator-metal (MIIM) based optical log spiral rectennas for infrared IR energy harvesting at 10.6 μm. We have considered the spiral antenna terminals as the electrodes of the rectifying diode and we have integrated the insulators between the two arms (electrodes) to enhance the harvested energy with the proposed nano-antennas. The study presents a comparison between the performance (E-field, I/V, responsivity, and resistivity) of the two proposed rectennas.

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Seven-level Cascade Multilevel Inverter based Minimum Switches for Photovoltaic applications

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Seven-level Cascade Multilevel Inverter based Minimum Switch...

IEEE SSD International Multi-Conference on systems, Signals and Devices

作者： Ali Abedaljabar Al-Samawi Hafedh Trabelsi Department of Electronic and Communications Engineering College of Engineering Al-Muthanna University Al Muthanna Iraq Department of Electrical Engineering National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS) Computer and Embedded Systems Laboratory (CES-Lab) Sfax University Sfax Tunisia

To enhance power quality and obtain high power from photovoltaic(PV), and mitigate the impact of the PV system's partial shading condition(PSC) and electrical mismatch power problems. This paper presents a single-phase, simple seven-level multilevel inverter architecture With a lower number of power components connected with four individual group PV systems integration converter DC/DC with independent Maximum Power Point Tracking(MPPT)in each group. The proposed inverter provides a reduced total harmonic distortion (THD) of voltage and unity active power. This reduction in the number of switches generates a decrease in the losses of switching and the number of drive circuits, which in turn causes a decrease in the control complication and decreases the cost and size of the control circuit. We compared this cascaded multilevel topology architecture to evaluate the performance of the suggested inverter, which needed modern cascade multilevel topologies with the same seven levels of voltage. The achievement of the comparison is dependent on several elements, including a set of parameters(diodes and capacitors), the overall harmonic distortion, and the number of switches included inside the inverter. The program(Simulink/Matlab) was used to verify the critical evaluation of the presented topology through simulation results.

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