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arXiv 2023年

作者： Niazi, M.B. Umar Cho, Jung-Hoon Dahleh, Munther A. Dong, Roy Wu, Cathy The Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States The Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States The Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

Eco-driving emerges as a cost-effective and efficient strategy to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions in urban transportation networks. Acknowledging the persuasive influence of incentives in shaping driver behavior, this paper presents the ‘eco-planner,’ a digital platform devised to promote ecodriving practices in urban transportation. At the outset of their trips, users provide the platform with their trip details and travel time preferences, enabling the eco-planner to formulate personalized eco-driving recommendations and corresponding incentives, while adhering to its budgetary constraints. Upon trip completion, incentives are transferred to users who comply with the recommendations and effectively reduce their emissions. By comparing our proposed incentive mechanism with a baseline scheme that offers uniform incentives to all users, we demonstrate that our approach achieves superior emission reductions and increased user compliance with a smaller budget. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Urban transportation

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On-chip metamaterial-enabled high-order mode-division multiplexing

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Advanced Photonics 2023年第5期5卷 106-113页

作者： Yu He Xingfeng Li Yong Zhang Shaohua An Hongwei Wang Zhen Wang Haoshuo Chen Yetian Huang Hanzi Huang Nicolas KFontaine Roland Ryf Yuhan Du Lu Sun Xingchen Ji Xuhan Guo Yingxiong Song Qianwu Zhang Yikai Su Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Electronic EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and NetworksShanghaiChina Nokia Bell Labs Murray HillNew JerseyUnited States Shanghai University Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access NetworksJoint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced CommunicationShanghaiChina Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringJohn Hopcroft Center for Computer ScienceShanghaiChina

Mode-division multiplexing(MDM)technology enables high-bandwidth data transmission using orthogonal waveguide modes to construct parallel data ***,few demonstrations have been realized for generating and supporting high-order modes,mainly due to the intrinsic large material groupvelocity dispersion(GVD),which make it challenging to selectively couple different-order spatial *** show the feasibility of on-chip GVD engineering by introducing a gradient-index metamaterial structure,which enables a robust and fully scalable MDM *** demonstrate a record-high-order MDM device that supports TE_(0)–TE_(15)modes simultaneously.40-GBaud 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation signals encoded on 16 mode channels contribute to a 2.162 Tbit∕s net data rate,which is the highest data rate ever reported for an on-chip single-wavelength *** method can effectively expand the number of channels provided by MDM technology and promote the emerging research fields with great demand for parallelism,such as high-capacity optical interconnects,high-dimensional quantum communications,and large-scale neural networks.

关键词： integrated photonics metamaterial mode-division multiplexing subwavelength grating

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UAV-Aided Covert Federated Learning Networks

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IEEE Network 2025年

作者： Wang, Chao Guo, Shaoyong Xiong, Zehui Xing, Chengwen Zhao, Nan Niyato, Dusit Karagiannidis, George Dalian University of Technology School of Information and Communication Engineering Dalian116024 China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing100876 China Singapore University of Technology and Design Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar 487372 Singapore Beijing Institute of Technology School of Information and Electronics Beijing100081 China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science 639798 Singapore Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Greece

With the increasing emphasis on data privacy, federated learning (FL) networks show great potential through distributed training without directly sharing the raw data. However, the coverage of FL terrestrial servers is usually limited. Therefore, we propose leveraging the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) as a mobile flying server to further improve the wireless coverage and training efficiency of FL. Nevertheless, frequent exchanges of model parameters in UAV-assisted FL can result in serious security risks. In order to achieve this, we propose a covert FL scheme assisted by the UAV, which can protect the transmission key features of local models from being detected by wardens. Furthermore, we discuss the FL network and covert communications, as well as the exceptional features of UAV-assisted covert FL. Finally, we present two case studies, one of which focuses on minimising the network latency, while the other concentrates on reducing the energy consumption of covert FL. The simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed schemes in addressing future challenges. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Data privacy

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Carbon-Aware Computing in a Network of Data Centers: A Hierarchical Game-Theoretic Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Breukelman, Enno Hall, Sophie Belgioioso, Giuseppe Dörfler, Florian The KTH Royal Institute of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Division of Decision and Control Systems Malvinas väg 10 StockholmSE-100 44 Sweden The Automatic Control Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology ETH Zurich Physikstrasse 3 Zürich8092 Switzerland

Over the past decade, the continuous surge in cloud computing demand has intensified data center workloads, leading to significant carbon emissions and driving the need for improving their efficiency and sustainability. This paper focuses on the optimal allocation problem of batch compute loads with temporal and spatial flexibility across a global network of data centers. We propose a bilevel game-theoretic solution approach that captures the inherent hierarchical relationship between supervisory control objectives, such as carbon reduction and peak shaving, and operational objectives, such as priority-aware scheduling. Numerical simulations with real carbon intensity data demonstrate that the proposed approach successfully reduces carbon emissions while simultaneously ensuring operational reliability and priority-aware scheduling. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Carbon

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Hundredfold increase of stimulated Brillouin-scattering bandwidth in whispering-gallery mode resonators

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Photonics Research 2023年第6期11卷 917-924页

作者： GUOPING LIN JINGYI TIAN TANG SUN QINGHAI SONG YANNE K.CHEMBO Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System School of ScienceHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems Shenzhen 518055China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering&Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics(IREAP) University of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA

Backward stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS)is widely exploited for various applications in optics and *** typically features a narrow gain bandwidth of a few tens of megahertz in fluoride *** we report a hundredfold increase of SBS bandwidth in whispering-gallery mode *** crystalline orientation results in a large variation of the acoustic phase velocity upon propagation along the periphery,from which a broad Brillouin gain is *** 2.5 GHz wide Brillouin gain profile is theoretically found and experimentally *** phenomena with Brillouin shift frequencies ranging from 11.73 to 14.47 GHz in ultrahigh Q Z-cut magnesium fluoride cavities pumped at the telecommunication wavelength are ***,the Brillouin-Kerr comb in this device is *** 400 comb lines spanning across a spectral window of 120 nm are *** finding paves a new way for tailoring and harnessing the Brillouin gain in crystals.

关键词： scattering pumped Brillouin

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Hybrid surface waves in twisted anisotropic heterometasurfaces

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Physical Review Applied 2024年第6期21卷 064034-064034页

作者： Xinyan Zhang Chenxu Bian Zheng Gong Ruoxi Chen Tony Low Hongsheng Chen Xiao Lin Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation International Joint Innovation Center The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University

Recent advances in twisted photonic structures (e.g., twisted bilayer graphene and twisted anisotropic metasurfaces) have enabled many exotic phenomena of light-matter interactions, such as topological transition of the isofrequency contour of surface waves at the magic angle, photonic flatbands, and localization-to-delocalization transition of light. In general, the optical features of these twisted photonic structures are sensitive to the interlayer twist angle. Here we investigate the mode hybridization of surface waves supported by twisted bilayer anisotropic heterometasurfaces, whose two constituent metasurfaces are nonidentical and support surface waves with similar spatial confinements but distinct polarizations. Counterintuitively, we find that the shape of the isofrequency contour of these hybrid surface waves—eigenmodes with both transverse magnetic and transverse electric wave components—can be insensitive to the twist angle, due to the weak interlayer electromagnetic coupling. Moreover, the interlayer distance provides a unique route to reshape the dispersion of one specific kind of hybrid surface wave, while it has negligible influence on the other kinds. Our finding enriches the physics of light-matter interactions in twisted photonic structures and may open new possibilities to mold the flow of light at the subwavelength scale.

关键词： Classical optics Light-matter interaction Metamaterials Metasurfaces Near-field optics Photonics Plasmonics Van der Waals interaction

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Exact solution of the longitudinally-graded rectangular plate under mixed instantaneous shock loading

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Waves in Random and Complex Media 2023年

作者： Amari, Abdelfattah Salman, Hayder Mahmood Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia Research Laboratory of Processes Energetics Environment and Electrical Systems National School of Engineers of Gabes Gabes University Gabes Tunisia Department of Computer Science Al-Turath University College Baghdad Iraq

This study follows a novel path toward analysis of the thermoelastic reaction of the longitudinally-graded graphene-nanoplates enriched composite (LG-GNPEC) rectangular-shaped plates exposed to the mixed-form instantaneous shock. Three-dimensional form of the linear thermoelasticity theory is picked as the base for establishing the governing equations. Lord-Shulman theorem and energy balance relations are employed to determine the time-dependency of the system’s behavior. Due to simply-supported boundary conditions, solving the governing equations through an analytical solution on the bases of Navier’s approach is performed. Accuracy of the applied methods is verified by comparing the obtained results with those presented in the published studies. Results of this research can be directly considered in the analysis of the thermoelastic behavior of the advanced composite materials exposed to the mixed-form thermomechanical shocks. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Graphene

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Knowledge diffusion through experiential education, focusing on robotic technologies, virtual reality and internet of things 24

Knowledge diffusion through experiential education, focusing...

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24th Pan-Hellenic Conference on Informatics, PCI 2020

作者： Spournias, Alexandros Faliagka, Evanthia P. Antonopoulos, Christos S. Voros, Nikolaos Embedded System Design and Applications Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Peloponnese Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781450388979

This work proposes a new and innovative approach to the knowledge diffusion, through experiments as well as experiential training, focusing on cutting-edge technologies. These technologies refer to robotic technologies, virtual reality, cyberphysical systems and the Internet of Things, always under the prism of open source and open access approaches. For the diffusion of these technologies, ESDA Lab provides an environment with the infrastructure that supports these technologies creating a living experimental laboratory ecosystem. © 2020 ACM.

关键词： Internet of things

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Achieving Enhanced Bi-Linear Attention Network for Teaching Manner Analysis over Edge Cloud-assisted AIoT: Voice-Body Coordination Perspective

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IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing 2025年

作者： Zhou, Yu Zou, Sai Wu, Bochun Ni, Wei Du, Xiaojiang Guizhou University Micro-nano and Intelligent Manufacturing Engineering Research Centre of Ministry of Education College of Big Data and Information Engineering China Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems Shanghai200433 China Data61 CSIRO Australia Stevens Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HobokenNJ07030 United States

Edge computing, an advanced extension of cloud computing, provides superior computational capabilities and lowlatency processing at the network edge, facilitating its availability for real-time data analysis in resource-limited settings. When applied to the analysis of teaching methodologies, edge computing enables the seamless integration of vocal and physical cues, facilitating collaborative, dynamic, and real-time evaluations of teaching quality. However, the inherent complexity of human perception and multimodal interactions impose great challenges to the analysis of these aspects in Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT). This paper introduces an innovative mathematical model and a measurement index specifically designed to assess changes in voice-body coordination over time. To achieve this, we propose a cloud-enabled enhanced Bi-Linear Attention Network incorporating entropy and Fourier transforms (BAN-E-FT), which leverages both temporal and frequencydomain features. Specifically, by harnessing the computational and storage capabilities of edge computing, BAN-E-FT facilitates distributed training, expedites large-scale data processing, and enhances model scalability, where entropy measures and Fourier transforms capture modality dynamics, enhancing BAN's fusion capabilities. Moreover, a conditional domain adversarial network is embedded to address regional teaching variations, improving model generalizability. We also verify the robustness of BAN-EFT with accuracy and convergence through convex optimization analysis. Experiments on the eNTERFACE'05 dataset demonstrate 81% accuracy in assessing teaching adaptability, while real-world test at Guizhou University confirms 78% accuracy when using BAN-E-FT, matching human expert assessments. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Data integration

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TrustGuard: GNN-based Robust and Explainable Trust Evaluation with Dynamicity Support

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Jie Yan, Zheng Lan, Jiahe Bertino, Elisa Pedrycz, Witold State Key Laboratory on Integrated Services Networks School of Cyber Engineering Xidian University Xi’an710071 China Department of Computer Science Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 2R3 Canada Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw00-901 Poland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering King Abdulaziz University Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering Istinye University Sariyer Istanbul34010 Turkey

Trust evaluation assesses trust relationships between entities and facilitates decision-making. Machine Learning (ML) shows great potential for trust evaluation owing to its learning capabilities. In recent years, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), as a new ML paradigm, have demonstrated superiority in dealing with graph data. This has motivated researchers to explore their use in trust evaluation, as trust relationships among entities can be modeled as a graph. However, current trust evaluation methods that employ GNNs fail to fully satisfy the dynamic nature of trust, overlook the adverse effects of trust-related attacks, and cannot provide convincing explanations on evaluation results. To address these problems, we propose TrustGuard, a GNN-based accurate trust evaluation model that supports trust dynamicity, is robust against typical attacks, and provides explanations through visualization. Specifically, TrustGuard is designed with a layered architecture that contains a snapshot input layer, a spatial aggregation layer, a temporal aggregation layer, and a prediction layer. Among them, the spatial aggregation layer adopts a defense mechanism to robustly aggregate local trust, and the temporal aggregation layer applies an attention mechanism for effective learning of temporal patterns. Extensive experiments on two real-world datasets show that TrustGuard outperforms state-of-the-art GNN-based trust evaluation models with respect to trust prediction across single-timeslot and multi-timeslot, even in the presence of attacks. In addition, TrustGuard can explain its evaluation results by visualizing both spatial and temporal views. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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